Some Example Consulting  Efforts By David D. Lang

 

Aircraft Landing Gear Loads Simulation :   for B. J. Brock Associates of Dallas, in behalf of Gates Learjet of Wichita (Jan '82 thru Apr '82).

 

In the performance of this contract, I derived the equations defining a 6 degree of freedom aircraft landing simulation including a complete oleo-pneumatic shock strut and tire simulation.  The strut included a compressible oil hydraulic model (with metering pin),  adiabatic pneumatics,  and un-sprung mass degrees of freedom (including tire spin up and cornering effects).  The landing carriage analysis was completely general in that all dynamic coupling effects between stroking of the un-sprung mass and airframe motion were included.  Since this analysis was to be incorporated into an existing elastic airframe simulation,  I designed an interface specification that allowed the gear programs to be written and checked-out independently, then be simply integrated with the client's elastic airframe simulation.  Fortran programs were developed on my own computer, then delivered electronically (not a common practice at that time) to the clients' VAX  11/780 in Wichita and Cyber 176 in Houston, saving the client significant computing and travel costs.

 

 

Performance  Measurement  of  Compiler in  Avionics Environment:  for Intermetrics of Boston/Seattle in behalf of Boeing Aircraft of Seattle (Feb '82 thru May '82).

 

This task required the development of a tool to test the performance of a high level language compiler (Jovial) targeted for an avionics computer environment.  All aspects of the compiler were to be tested (from reliability to executional efficiency).  Specification of techniques to test the compiler attributes and an overall executive design for a benchmark and data management tool were accomplished.  The design allowed for systematically testing the compiler in the context of an emulated, as well as an actual hardware avionics environment.  Also included was the specification for modeling the language's utilization in its avionics environment.  Although Boeing' Air Force contract (stimulating this work) was cancelled, this design was found to have intrinsic value, and  was eventually implemented by a Boeing sub-contractor for its own use.

 

 

Hydro-Electric Turbine Blade Process Controller Software Design:  for Seawell Manufacturing of Seattle in behalf of The Army Corps of Engineers (Jul '82 thru Dec '82).

 

I was first retained by Seawell in a  project engineering capacity, with sole responsibility for preparation of a competitive proposal to be submitted by Seawell to the client (a large hydro-electric project on the Columbia river).  Upon Seawell's winning this contract, they retained me to design, program, and operationally verify the on-line process control system.  I accomplished a top-down design of the real time digital controller to: sense analog signals pertinent to turbine performance (such as reservoir pool level, gate opening, etc.), determine optimal blade angle setting for the hydro-electric turbine,  then command and follow-up control of the blade angle positions.  As a safety critical system, fail-safe features, reasonableness testing, and a portable CRT terminal based unit-self-diagnosis  capability were incorporated into the design.  I then implemented the design using 6502 microprocessor assembly language.  My role as project engineer included critical path analysis scheduling, and pre-shipment verification of the units.  I  also provided complete top-down design documentation, and a field user manual  for the units.

 

 

Space Tether Engineering:  for over 20 Aerospace Companies and Government agencies  ('83 up to the present).

 

See details in Tether Qualifications resumeÕ.

 


Space Shuttle Tether Analysis Design System:  Done for McDonnell Douglas Aircraft, in behalf of the NASA Johnson Space Center of Houston (Feb '83 thru Apr '87).

 

The original intent of this contract was to provide an existing Shuttle flight simulation with the capability of incorporating a tethered object into its dynamical environment for upcoming mission verification.  In the execution of this task, I suggested that a more general approach would have minimal development impact, and could result in a formidably general tethered dynamics simulation system.  This philosophy gave birth to an extensive software system that has become known as GTOSS (Generalized  Tethered  Object  Simulation  System).  This system simulates the orbital and interactional dynamics of an arbitrary number of objects (mixed 3 or 6 degree of freedom),  connected through arbitrary attach points by an arbitrary number of tethers.  The tethers can be massless, or possess distributed mass (as a mix of either bead or modal synthesis models), and can experience distributed aerodynamic and electrodynamic forces (If they carry current in the earth's magnetic field).  The tethers can be connected  to objects in arbitrarily complex fashion.  Through a rigorously defined interface specification, this  software system is also designed to be easily integrated into any existing dynamical simulation, thus providing that simulation with a host of tethered objects in its environment.  The GTOSS system has been procured by over 20  government and private sector engineering organizations.

 

 

Space Shuttle Tether Analysis Design System:  Done for Lockheed Aircraft, in behalf of the NASA Johnson Space Center of Houston (May '87 thru '96).

 

This is a continuation of the previous work on GTOSS.   Major tasks accomplished in this phase include the development of a complete 3-Dimensional animation movie capability for the engineering display of arbitrarily complex tethered system solutions on the Macintosh computer, and an automated re-certification system for verification of GTOSS software modifications. The GTOSS simulation lead the way for industry-wide tether model validation and became the official baseline simulation for NASA's final certification of Shuttle tether flights. During this contract phase, I was employed at the NASA Houston Mission Control Center as a tether expert to support  the international Italian Tethered Satellite System (TSS) experiments on Shuttle flights STS-46 ('92) and STS-75 ('96).

 

 

Launch Abort Dynamics Analysis:  Done for Blue Origin, LLC  of Seattle, WA (Ô2004  up to  the present).

 

The effort has been accomplished for the private space travel company created by the originator of ÒAmazon.comÓ. This has been  a series of new configuration  explorations using a 6 degree of freedom simulation (GTOSS) of a launch abort vehicle. Full degree of freedom aerodynamic models were coded for the rigid body model which was then subjected to  various wind profiles and abort conditions to produce assessments of full axis control requirements that might be anticipated to maintain a desired reentry attitude following launch abort.

 

 

Forest Logging System  Development  Done for Skyder, LLC  of British Columbia (Ô2006  up to  the present).

 

This work consists of the dynamic simulation of a complex arrangement of tethers held aloft by  a lifting element (balloon) to perform  minimum environmental-impact logging. A total of 27 tethers and 10 objects are involved in this simulation. Differential line deploy/retrieval control algorithms are being devised to demonstrate preliminary feasibility of this scheme, and develop engineering understanding of the critical design parameters that may need to be considered during actual design and implementation of the concept. Controlled  traverse scenarios are conducted under various topographical environments and combinations of winds and gusts, including transient effects of log loading and un-loading.