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Subject: "Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance" Archived thread - Read only
 
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Conferences NIKON PRODUCTS FORUMS D70 Users Group Topic #4528
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bclaff</b>donator_silver
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19-Feb-05, 10:34 PM (GMT+2)
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"Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
 
   Observations reported in another thread Color temperature and White Balance Values made me suspicious of the values published by Nikon on page 51 of the English D70 manual.

So I took 49 pictures (Raw+Jpeg) of the same "gray/white" target in manual mode with identical exposure settings for all White Balance settings including Auto for good measure.

I brought each Raw file into Adobe Camera Raw and noted the Temperature and Tint values. The following table shows the Adobe values along side the Nikon values. It seems clear to me that the Nikon values are (to be kind) "approximate".

The Jpeg files produced the following color swatches (same order as the table):

When the swatches are inverted they approximate the color of the illuminant:

Note that the inverted swatches aren't brightened so what to look for here is how a swatch departs from "gray". For example, incandescent is on the "orange" side, sunlight and cloudy look a little magenta to me; cloudy looks a little blue.

Visit me, info and galleries at: Nikon Photos and Information


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  Subject     Author     Message Date     ID  
Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance [View All] bclaff</b>donator_silver 19-Feb-05 TOP
  RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance NonEx 19-Feb-05 1
     RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance bclaff</b>donator_silver 20-Feb-05 2
         RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance fangel 02-Mar-05 4
             RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance bclaff</b>donator_silver 02-Mar-05 5
                 RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance fangel 02-Mar-05 6
                     RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance bclaff</b>donator_silver 03-Mar-05 7
                         RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance fangel 03-Mar-05 8
                             RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance bclaff</b>donator_silver 04-Mar-05 12
  RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance bclaff</b>donator_silver 02-Mar-05 3
  RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance bclaff</b>donator_silver 04-Mar-05 9
     RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance NonEx 04-Mar-05 10
         RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance bclaff</b>donator_silver 04-Mar-05 11
             RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance NonEx 04-Mar-05 13
                 RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance bclaff</b>donator_silver 04-Mar-05 14
  RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance bclaff</b>donator_silver 05-Mar-05 15

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NonEx
Member since 27-Dec-04
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19-Feb-05, 11:44 PM (GMT+2)
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1. "RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
In response to message #0
 
   LAST EDITED ON 19-Feb-05 AT 11:50 PM (GMT 1)
 
Very interesting indeed but I am having trouble reading the table... Which colums of the Kelvin values are Adobe and which is Nikons (left / right of the tint value)...

EDIT : Oh now I get I... I guess you never claimed to be an expert at ASCII art... I would suggest either enhancing the arrows or simply writting abbreviations A for Adobe, T for Tint and N for Nikon under (or even better, above) each value / column...


Is it not possible that this test is a bit flawed though since you used the same light source for all WB's, and the Incandescent is the best match, I would asume that is the type of light you used for the test... Maybe the actual light source has effect on the values and not just the WB setting itself...

Chris

Check out some of my D70 shots:

http://nonex.doesntexist.org/


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bclaff</b>donator_silver
Member since 26-Oct-04
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20-Feb-05, 00:35 AM (GMT+2)
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2. "RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
In response to message #1
 
   Chris,

Yeah, you figured out the columns

No, the test isn't flawed. First, what is photographed has no effect on the temperature reported only on the color swatches. The illuminant I used was a white LCD display not incandescent. If you believe the numbers my LCD panel as adjusted is about 5550K which makes sense given the specs on the display.

Bill

Visit me, info and galleries at: Nikon Photos and Information


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fangel
Member since 7-Feb-04
51 posts
02-Mar-05, 06:24 PM (GMT+2)
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4. "RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
In response to message #2
 
   Your test is not taking basic facts into account:

Only heat radiating light sources (the sun, tungsten lights) have a real color tempereture = a continous spectrum = Kelvin degrees.

Measurements of other light sources (mecury vapour lamps, flourescents lamps and lcd screen with fluorescent back lighting) will only give approx. and not true Kelvin values. The spectrums from these light sources are not continous. They are characterised by having missing wavelenghts and spikes at certain points in their spectrum.

best regards

Tom


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bclaff</b>donator_silver
Member since 26-Oct-04
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02-Mar-05, 08:00 PM (GMT+2)
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5. "RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
In response to message #4
 
   Tom,

I'm aware of spectrum differences (and the principle of metamerism).

White Balance values defined along the Planckian locus are entirely theoretical and are based on a specific spectrum.
These WB values, indicated in degrees Kelvin, have specific coordinates in any color system such as CIExy. Correlated color temperature and tint are widely used to describe the WB characteristic of any illuminant.

All of the illuminants you list are "heat radiating" (as is everything in the universe). They all have different spectrums. They all have a WB value in correlated color temperature and tint.

The test is totally valid and I'm sure repeatable with other light sources. With another light source only the last column would change.

Bill

Visit me, info and galleries at: Nikon Photos and Information


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fangel
Member since 7-Feb-04
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02-Mar-05, 10:34 PM (GMT+2)
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6. "RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
In response to message #5
 
   "There are two important points to consider when examining color temperature phenomena. The color temperature value of a light source refers only to the visual appearance of the source, but does not necessarily describe the effect this source will have on photographs or digital images. Also, color temperature does not take into consideration the spectral distribution of a visible light source. In cases where a light source, such as a fluorescent lamp, arc-discharge burner, laser, or gas lamp, does not have a spectral distribution similar to that of a black body radiator, its color temperature alone is not a reliable means of selecting suitable filters or creating look-up tables for color balance corrections. Therefore, although two different light sources may be described as having the same color temperature, exposed photographic emulsions or digital images lacking proper white balance baseline adjustments may respond differently to the sources. When using fluorescent lamps or similar light sources, a per-wavelength comparison of sensitivity and spectral output is often necessary in order to determine the correct filters for color temperature balance.

Contributing Authors

Mortimer Abramowitz - Olympus America, Inc., Two Corporate Center Drive., Melville, New York, 11747.

Matthew J. Parry-Hill and Michael W. Davidson - National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Dr., The Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, 32310.

best regards

Tom


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bclaff</b>donator_silver
Member since 26-Oct-04
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03-Mar-05, 00:26 AM (GMT+2)
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7. "RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
In response to message #6
 
   LAST EDITED ON 03-Mar-05 AT 01:07 AM (GMT 1)
 
Tom,

Yes, they are describing metamerism and I agree.

Never-the-less corrected color temperature (with or without tint), although imperfect, is a useful measure.

That said, I agree that unless I use the same (unspecified) illuminant as Nikon that "my mileage may vary".

Bill

Visit me, info and galleries at: Nikon Photos and Information


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fangel
Member since 7-Feb-04
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03-Mar-05, 11:15 PM (GMT+2)
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8. "RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
In response to message #7
 
   Hi again

My intention was to just to underscore, that assignning genuine Kelvin numbers to non black body radiators might (and sometimes do) mislead beginners into thinking that dialling the corresponding Kelvin value in the camera would lead to correct color rendering. The obvious color casts often seen from fluorescent lighted objects would then seem to indicate a faulty camera. BTW, I visited your website and read your observations on the D70 histogram with great interest. I am looking forward to test the D2X and have been promised that the channel specific histograms should be very precise. (also curious to see if the D2X offer enough improvement over to D70 to justify not waiting for an even better sensor with greater DR. I don´t need more pixels, but larger buckets for the photons)

best regards

Tom


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bclaff</b>donator_silver
Member since 26-Oct-04
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04-Mar-05, 03:11 AM (GMT+2)
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12. "RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
In response to message #8
 
   Tom,

Yes, if it wasn't obvious; I agree that a single whitepoint value is insufficient to describe a lighting situation.

And thanks for taking the time to examine my site and for digesting some of my other research projects.

When you get your hands on a D2X please send me a private message or e-mail. Perhaps we can collaborate on some research.

Best Regards,

Bill

Visit me, info and galleries at: Nikon Photos and Information


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bclaff</b>donator_silver
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02-Mar-05, 06:06 PM (GMT+2)
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3. "RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
In response to message #0
 
   Link in original post should be Color temperature and White Balance Values

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bclaff</b>donator_silver
Member since 26-Oct-04
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04-Mar-05, 00:52 AM (GMT+2)
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9. "RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
In response to message #0
 
   Tom (and Chris),

I enjoy a spirited discussion and am not at all put off by your skepticism. It's hard to believe but I admit I'm not always right!

However, after doing some additional testing, I'm sticking with my conclusion on this one.

I set my D70 for a WB of Incandescent and a fine tune value of 0.
I took several photographs of a variety of objects under incandescent, fluorescent, xenon, and halogen lighting.

In every single case the "As Shot" WB value indicates 3000 degrees with a tint of 3; matching my initial LCD illuminant result.

Then I did the same with a setting of Shade and all images, regardless of lighting, came out with 6800 degrees with a tint of 1; again agreeing with the LCD results.

So, it appears that when you set WB in the camera that regardless of the lighting you will get that WB setting. On the other hand, if you use Auto; the camera uses the raw data to compute a WB.

This means (for the raw shooter) that unless you're sure of your setting you're "throwing away" the cameras well informed guess and you're on your own. So except for the proper use of pre-set it seems raw shooters should stick with Auto since they can choose anything else later.

Finally, to really confuse things, if you accept Adobe's mappings of the red/green and blue/green ratios to (correlated) color temperature and tint (I do); then the Nikon table on page 51 of the manual is wrong and my table represents the "correct" values.

(I'm withholding a minor caveat for a later time after some more investifation).

Whew!
Bill

Visit me, info and galleries at: Nikon Photos and Information


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NonEx
Member since 27-Dec-04
473 posts
04-Mar-05, 02:10 AM (GMT+2)
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10. "RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
In response to message #9
 
   uhm... how does the D70 actually figure out the Kelvin value... is it really that sophisticated, or does it just guess that when you shoot under a specific WB Settings that the valyue is static... if you know what i mean.

I dont know how a real kelvin meter works so... but since you got a consisntent result of 3000, makes me suspicious....

I dont know anything about this im just guessing cause I like to see you hard at work convincing me Bill

heheh

Chris

Check out some of my D70 shots:

http://nonex.doesntexist.org/


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bclaff</b>donator_silver
Member since 26-Oct-04
1833 posts
04-Mar-05, 02:36 AM (GMT+2)
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11. "RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
In response to message #10
 
   Chris,

Yeah, sure, push my buttons, make me tell you eveything.

The camera does not compute a color temperature in degrees Kelvin.

It computes two ratios: red to green and blue to green. This is all that is stored in the Raw or Jpeg file. Important: it only does this computation if you choose Auto; otherwise it just uses the ratios that correspond to the WB you have chosen. (That's why for Incandescent I always get 3000 degrees with a tint of 1.)

These ratios specify a point in a colorspace; typically people use the CIExy colorspace. "True" whitepoints computed using a "blackbody" formula and a particular spectral response also have points in the colorspace. These are the color temperature points. Each of these "true" whitepoints also has points nearby with that are called "correlated" color temperatures and a "tint" value that tells you how far from the "true" color temperature you are.

Now, you can take the CIExy coordinates that results from the ratios computed in the camera and work backwards to the correlated color temperature and tint. This is what Adobe Camera Raw does when it displays the "As Shot" temperature and tint.

Did you follow that at all or are you just grinning?

Bill

Visit me, info and galleries at: Nikon Photos and Information


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NonEx
Member since 27-Dec-04
473 posts
04-Mar-05, 03:13 AM (GMT+2)
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13. "RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
In response to message #11
 
   LAST EDITED ON 04-Mar-05 AT 03:13 AM (GMT 1)
 

Get some sleep Bill
That's what I'm gonna do...

*confused*

Chris

Check out some of my D70 shots:

http://nonex.doesntexist.org/


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bclaff</b>donator_silver
Member since 26-Oct-04
1833 posts
04-Mar-05, 03:37 AM (GMT+2)
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14. "RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
In response to message #13
 
   Good night! It's only 21:30 here!

Visit me, info and galleries at: Nikon Photos and Information


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bclaff</b>donator_silver
Member since 26-Oct-04
1833 posts
05-Mar-05, 08:06 AM (GMT+2)
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15. "RE: Real Color Temperature Values for White Balance"
In response to message #0
 
   Dave Muncie (Munc) pointed something out in another thread.
It appears that one of the problems is that the red coeffecients are reversed for the Flash and Cloudy columns.
If these coeffecients are corrected then the WB values are closer to the Nikon published values.

However, all the values remain off; and especially the Shade column as well as Fluorescent -3. So there are additional problems. The coeffecient table may just be "messed up" (at least in the current firmware versions).

Bill

Visit me, info and galleries at: Nikon Photos and Information


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