Abstract

Mass transport properties of physical vapor transport of PbTe are investigated. Thermochemical analysis of the system and its implications for the growth conditions are discussed. The effect of the material preparation and pre-processing on the stoichiometry and residual gas pressure and composition, and on related mass flux is shown. A procedure leading to high mass transport rates is presented.

Author Keywords: PbTe; PVT; Residual gas

PACS classification codes: 81.05.Hd; 81.10.Bk; 81.20.Ym

Article Outline

1. Introduction

2. Theoretical calculations

3. Experimental procedure

4. Results and discussion

4.1. Equilibrium partial pressures

4.2. The effect of the source grain size, annealing in hydrogen, and presence of Pb(l)

4.3. Intermediate removal of residual gas

4.4. The effect of the source amount, temperature, and growth time

5. Summary and conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

(9K)
Fig. 1. Partial pressures in PbTe system as a function of temperature. The arrow shows the upper limit (the maximum temperature) of congruent sublimation of lead telluride.

(8K)
Fig. 4. Theoretical and experimental results on the dependence of mass flux on the source temperature. Residual gas pressure for the experimental points (full circles) corresponds to 1.5 Torr of carbon monoxide. Theoretical curves: solid line, Pb(l) phase in the source region; dashed line, hypothetical congruent transport of all constituent species.

(7K)
Fig. 2. Theoretically calculated deposition rate of elemental Pb during physial vapor transport of lead telluride as a function of the source temperature.

(5K)
Fig. 3. Theoretical (solid line) and experimental results on the dependence of mass flux on the pressure of residual gas (carbon monoxide) in the system. Open triangles, 1 h mass transport; full triangles, source with excess Pb; open square, heavily oxidized source; full square, experiment f, Table 2.

Table 1. Mass flux and residual gas formed in the first series of mass transport ampoules. T (source)=800°C, T=10°C, L=20 cm (<1K)

Table 2. Mass flux and residual gas formed in the second series of mass transport ampoules. T (source)=800°C, T=10°C, L=20 cm (<1K)

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¹ Universities Space Research Association, Staff Scientist.

Corresponding author. Tel.: +1-256-544-1272; fax: +1-256-544-6762; email: witold.palosz@msfc.nasa.gov