One way that cells can propagate is by dividing
into two identical copies. Eukaryotic cells undergo a process called
mitosis. Most importantly, during mitosis each resulting cell must have
a complete copy of the genetic information present in the parental cells
DNA.
Mitosis generates exact copies of each of chromosomes
present in the parental cell and places one copy of each into each daughter
cell. By so doing mitosis creates exact genetic replicas of the original
cell.
Cell division is an elaborate process. During mitosis
the cell first replicates all of the DNA present in the chromosomes,
generating a second copy of each one. Later, these chromosomes segregate
to the two daughter cells. In eukaryotic cells the processes of DNA
replication and division are separated in time. Cells have a schedule
for accomplishing these two processes; this schedule is called the cell
cycle.