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Cell In Action-Chapter 2

True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or false.
 

1. 
Plants and animals capture their energy from the sun.
 

2. 
Cellular respiration describes how a cell breathes.
 

3. 
Fermentation produces ATP and lactic acid.
 

Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

4. 
When particles are moved through a membrane from a region of low concentration to a region of high concentration, the process is called
a.
diffusion.
c.
active transport.
b.
passive transport.
d.
fermentation.
 

5. 
An organism with chloroplasts is a
a.
consumer.
c.
producer.
b.
prokaryote.
d.
centromere.
 

6. 
Which of the following would form a cell plate during the cell cycle?
a.
human cell
c.
plant cell
b.
prokaryotic cell
d.
All of the above
 

7. 
Food particles move through proteins in the cell membrane without using energy in a process called
a.
osmosis.
c.
active transport.
b.
passive transport.
d.
endocytosis.
 

8. 
When wilted celery is soaked in water, it becomes crisp again due to
a.
exocytosis.
c.
vesicle movement.
b.
active transport.
d.
osmosis.
 

9. 
Fermentation in animal cells produces
a.
glucose and carbon dioxide.
c.
lactic acid and ATP.
b.
alcohol and ATP.
d.
lactic acid and carbon dioxide.
 

10. 
Oxygen is used to break down food molecules and release energy in a process called
a.
photosynthesis.
c.
cellular respiration.
b.
cytokinesis.
d.
fermentation.
 

11. 
Which of the following is a product of photosynthesis?
a.
glucose
c.
carbon monoxide
b.
carbon dioxide
d.
heat energy
 

12. 
Which of the following is NOT used to make glucose in photosynthesis?
a.
H2O
c.
CO2
b.
O2
d.
light energy
 

13. 
The exchange of materials between a cell and its environment takes place across cell
a.
mitochondria.
c.
nucleus.
b.
membranes.
d.
nucleolus.
 

14. 
Osmosis is the diffusion of what substance through a cell membrane?
a.
water
c.
food particles
b.
oxygen
d.
All of the above
 

15. 
Because the cell membrane is made of ____, water can diffuse right through the membrane.
a.
cellulose
c.
phospholipid molecules
b.
ATP
d.
lysosomes
 

16. 
How would sugar entering a cell that already contains a high concentration of sugar get through a cell membrane and into a cell?
a.
osmosis
b.
active transportation
c.
passive transportation
d.
the sugar will not go from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
 

17. 
When a cell membrane surrounds a particle, encloses it in a vesicle, and brings the particle into the cell, this is called
a.
osmosis.
c.
endocytosis.
b.
active transportation.
d.
exocytosis.
 

18. 
When vesicles are formed at the endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi complex and they carry particles to the cell membrane for export, this is called
a.
osmosis.
c.
endocytosis.
b.
active transportation.
d.
exocytosis.
 

19. 
Nearly all of the energy that fuels life comes from
a.
the sun.
c.
the air.
b.
water.
d.
the soil.
 

20. 
____ is what gives plants their green color.
a.
Water
c.
Carbon dioxide
b.
Chlorophyll
d.
Glucose
 

21. 
Photosynthesis takes place in
a.
chloroplasts.
c.
carbohydrates.
b.
chlorophyll.
d.
chromatids.
 

22. 
The equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy ® C6H12O6 + 6O2 is the equation for which of the following processes?
a.
photosynthesis
c.
fermentation
b.
cellular respiration
d.
exocytosis
 

23. 
The equation: C6H12O6 + 6O2 ® 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy (ATP) is the equation for which of the following processes?
a.
photosynthesis
c.
fermentation
b.
cellular respiration
d.
exocytosis
 

24. 
A product of photosynthesis is
a.
oxygen.
c.
carbon dioxide.
b.
lactic acid.
d.
light energy.
 

25. 
The burning sensation you feel in your muscles after running a long distance is due to the effects of
a.
active transport.
c.
cellular respiration.
b.
photosynthesis.
d.
fermentation.
 

26. 
When the Earth was young, its atmosphere lacked oxygen. To gain energy, the first life forms used
a.
cellular respiration.
c.
passive transport.
b.
fermentation.
d.
active transport.
 

27. 
Human body cells have
a.
a single, circular chromosome.
c.
48 chromosomes.
b.
8 chromosomes.
d.
23 pairs of homologous chromosomes.
 

28. 
After duplication, how many chromatids are there in a pair of homologous chromosomes?
a.
1
c.
3
b.
2
d.
4
 

29. 
____ ensures that each new eukaryotic cell receives a copy of each chromosome.
a.
mitosis
c.
endocytosis
b.
osmosis
d.
exocytosis
 

30. 
During the second stage of a eukaryotic cell cycle, the ____ line up along the equator of the cell.
a.
centromeres
c.
organelles
b.
chromosomes
d.
ribosomes
 

31. 
Mitosis is usually divided into ____ stage(s).
a.
one
c.
three
b.
two
d.
four
 

32. 
Once mitosis is complete, the splitting of the cytoplasm or ____ occurs.
a.
endocytosis
c.
exocytosis
b.
cytokinesis
d.
osmosis
 

33. 
What condenses into an "X" shape before mitosis?
a.
chromatids
c.
centrioles
b.
centromeres
d.
cytoplasm
 
 
Study the illustration of the steps in mitosis and answer the questions that follow.
ch-2-cells_files/i0360000.jpg
 

34. 
At which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the equator (center) of the cell?
a.
A
c.
C
b.
B
d.
D
 

35. 
At which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes pull apart?
a.
A
c.
C
b.
B
d.
D
 

36. 
At which stage of mitosis does a membrane form around the separated chromatids and the chromosomes unwind?
a.
A
c.
C
b.
B
d.
D
 

37. 
At which stage of mitosis do the chromosomes thicken and shorten?
a.
A
c.
C
b.
B
d.
D
 

38. 
Which of the following correctly indicates the order in which mitosis occurs?
a.
A, B, C, D
c.
C, B, A, D
b.
B, A, C, D
d.
A, C, B, D
 

Completion
Complete each sentence or statement.
 

39. 
The diffusion of water through the cell membrane is called ____________________. (osmosis or active transport)
 

 

40. 
A cell can remove large particles during ____________________. (exocytosis or endocytosis)
 

 



 
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