Tetanurae Gauthier, 1986
Definition- (Passer domesticus <- Ceratosaurus nasicornis) (Holtz et al., 2004; modified from Padian et al., 1999; modified from Gauthier, 1986)
Other definitions- (Allosaurus fragilis + Passer domesticus) (modified from Novas, 1992)
(Passer domesticus <- Torvosaurus tanneri) (modified from Sereno, 1998)
(Passer domesticus <- Ceratosaurus nasicornis, Carnotaurus sastrei) (Sereno, in press)
= Intertheropoda Paul, 1988
= Avipoda Novas, 1992
= Tetanurae sensu Sereno, in press
Definition- (Passer domesticus <- Ceratosaurus nasicornis, Carnotaurus sastrei)
Comments- The addition of Carnotaurus as an external specifier by Sereno (in press) seems counter-productive. Tetanurae was designed as a stem away from Ceratosaurus, and abelisaurids were not explicitly discussed (having been named only a year prior). In fact, technically, Indosaurus and Indosuchus were classified as tetanurines by Gauthier (1986), since he lists them as carnosaurs. If abelisaurids are megalosauroids/torvosauroids (as in Paul, 1988), it shouldn't stop megalosauroids/torvosauroids from being tetanurines.

Dandakosaurus Yadagiri, 1982
D. indicus Yadagiri, 1982
Early Jurassic
Kota Formation, India
Holotype- (GSI 1/54Y/76) proximal pubis
Paratypes- ?(GSI coll.) teeth, dorsal vertebra (160 mm), proximal caudal vertebra (150 mm), proximal ischium
Diagnosis- open obturator notch in pubis; anteroproximal flaring and smoothly convex proximal surface of pubis; more proximally placed obturator notch than Patagonykus.
Description- The illustrated tooth is typical of most theropods in being laterally compressed, recurved and having fine serrations. The tooth seems more compressed (30% of FABL) than most theropods (eg. Liliensternus airelensis,
Gojirasaurus, Dilophosaurus, Magnosaurus, Torvosaurus, Szechuanosaurus), though Liliensternus liliensterni is similar in this regard. Though interdental variation could be a factor here, as posterior teeth are known to be more laterally compressed in theropods, Dilophosaurus and Magnosaurus never reach a Dandakosaurus level of compression anywhere in the tooth row.
The dorsal vertebra is opisthocoelous and lacks a pleurocoel. Opisthocoelous dorsals are only known in non-coelurosaurian tetanurines (the exception is Mononykinae), suggesting Dandakosaurus is a member of this clade. The absence of a pleurocoel is of little use without positional data.
The caudal vertebra is amphicoelous, with "two lateral cavities on either side" and a keeled ventral surface. The first character is common in theropods. The second is only known in Carcharodontosaurus, Acrocanthosaurus, Patagonykus, Spinostropheus, Nomingia, caenagnathoids and Achillobator. Few theropods are reported to have ventral keels on their proximal caudals, including "Capitalsaurus", Sinraptor dongi, Bagaraatan, Inosaurus, Spinostropheus, alvarezsaurids and SQU-2-7, an isolated caudal from the Cretaceous of Oman.
The holotype proximal pubis has several odd characters. There is no obturator fenestra, just an open obturator notch, as in Elaphrosaurus, Eustreptospondylus, Suchomimus, allosaurids, carcharodontosaurids and coelurosaurs. The proximal border forms a smooth convex arch from the ilial contact to the ischia contact, with no distinct peduncles. This is approached in some coelophysoids (eg. Coelophysis longicollis referred specimen) and Archaeornithomimus, but is most similar to Patagonykus, Unenlagia and Achillobator. Proximally, the pubis flares sharply anteriorly to form an acute anteroproximal corner. This is similar to the situation in Coelurus, tyrannosaurids, Caudipteryx, Nanshiungosaurus and alvarezsaurids. It seems to only be developed in forms with somewhat mesopubic pelvic orientations. Additional evidence for mesopuby in Dandakosaurus may come from the possible pubic peduncle of the ischium, which fits the ischial surface of the pubis to form an angle of about 35 degrees between the bones.
Only the proximal portion of the ischium is preserved. There is a concave anterior margin which matches up with the ischial peduncular area of the pubis. No other area is appropriate for the pubic contact. If the concave area were the acetabulum, the pubis and ischium would be subparallel. Articulating the pubis more dorsoposteriorly on the ischium leaves no acetabular area leaves nowhere for an acetabular surface or ischial peduncle. The acetabular surface is small and sharply concave, so may be
broken and continuous with the ischial peduncle in life. The posterior surface is gently concave, while the anterior surface is broken.
Comments- The phylogenetic relationships of this taxon are uncertain, especially considering how advanced it seems for its age. However, I have heard that the Kota Formation could extend into the Middle or Late Jurassic. It seems to be a tetanurine based on the opisthocoelous dorsal centra. The only coelurosaurs with such centra are mononykines, which have procoelous caudal centra, though they have ventrally keeled caudals, an open pubic obturator notch, and an anteroproximally flared pubis. In addition, Patagonykus shares the presence of lateral fossae in the caudal centra and a smoothly convex proximal pubic border. Unfortunately, Patagonykus and Alvarezsaurus show the procoelous caudals evolved before the opisthocoelous dorsals in alvarezsaurids. Also, the dental morphology is less derived than one would expect for even a basal alvarezsaurid. Thus, Dandakosaurus is unlikely to be alvarezsaurid. The caudal fossae, open pubic obturator notch, and mesopubic pelvis are similar to Achillobator, but deinonychosaurs lack opisthocoelous dorsals and have thicker teeth. Thus, Dandakosaurus represents a mesopubic tetanurine of uncertain affinities, probably not coelurosaurian. It is one of the earliest tetanurines, along with "Saltriosaurus" and "Merosaurus". Previous suggestions regarding abelisauroid affinity (Aravind, DML 1997) were based on maxillary characters unknown in the specimen. Where Aravind got his data is unknown, but it can be considered irrelevant now that the known material has been determined.
Reference- Yadagiri, 1982. Osteological studies of a carnosaurian dinosaur from the Lower Jurassic Kota Formation: Andhra Pradesh. Geological Survey of India (Progress Report for Field Season Programme 1981-1982), Regional Palaeontological Laboratories, Southern Region. 7 pp.
http://dml.cmnh.org/1997May/msg00840.html

Duriavenator Benson, 2008
= "Walkersaurus" Welles, Powell and Pickering vide Pickering, 1995
D. hesperis (Waldman, 1974) Benson, 2008
= Megalosaurus hesperis Waldman, 1974
= "Walkersaurus" hesperis (Waldman, 1974) Welles, Powell and Pickering vide Pickering, 1995
Late Bajocian, Middle Jurassic
Upper Inferior Oolite, England
Holotype- (BMNH R332) (~5 m) partial premaxillae, maxilla, vomer, partial dentaries, partial surangular, teeth, fragments
Diagnosis- (after Benson, 2008) deep groove on dorsal surface of jugal process containing numerous pneumatic foramina; array of small foramina in ventral part of articular surface for premaxilla.
Comments- This specimen was originally described by Owen (1883) and referred to Megalosaurus bucklandi. Walker (1964) noted it was probably a distinct species, due to tooth count and a supposed lateral groove between the premaxilla and maxilla. Waldman (1974) officially named the species Megalosaurus hesperis. Pickering (1995) listed "Walkersaurus" hesperis, attributed to Welles, Powell and Pickering. He later (Welles and Pickering, 1999) mentioned the taxa in his description of Dilophosaurus "breedorum" and possibly in his identically titled redescription of Megalosaurus. However, none of Pickering's publications are valid according to the ICZN, as they violate Article 8.1 and Recommendation 8A. Specifically, it was not "produced in an edition containing simultaneously obtainable copies by a method that assures numerous identical and durable copies." Most paleontologists have not seen Pickering's work, since he only sent it out to a few colleages and has not archived it in libraries. Thus "Walkersaurus" is a nomen nudum. It was never described in Pickering's 1995 or 1999 publications, though he has stated it will be described in a future publication- "Mutanda Dinosaurologica". Much of Pickering's information is derived from Welles' unpublished work on European theropods, and he/they viewed Duriavenator as a dilophosaurid along with Liliensternus (DML, 2001, 2002). Holtz (2000) found Duriavenator to have several possible positions as a tetanurine less derived than Afrovenator + Avetheropoda in his cladistic analysis. Most recently, Benson (2008) has redescribed the material and placed it in a new genus- Duriavenator. Tetanurine characters he lists include the prominent anterior maxillary process and band-like enamel grooves. He assigns it to (a stem-based) Spinosauroidea based on a supposed maxillary fossa, but this seems more likely to be the promaxillary fenestra based on its position. The more posterior pneumatic recess is then the maxillary antrum, which opens posteriorly via a fenestra. Yet medially closed promaxillary fenestrae are probably primitive for avepods, as they are present in Dilophosaurus, ceratosaurs and Piatnitzkysaurus as well. Benson further referred it to Megalosauridae+Spinosauridae based on the anteriorly wide paradental groove. However, Benson et al. (2008) note that Dilophosaurus and Allosaurus also have open interdental grooves, while Torvosaurus' is completely closed. Benson (2008) found Duriavenator to emerge as a megalosaurid in his unpublished phylogenetic analysis.
References- Owen, 1883. On the skull of Megalosaurus. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London. 39, 334-347.
Walker, 1964. Triassic reptiles from the Elgin area: Ornithosuchus and the origin of carnosaurs. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B. 248, 53-134.
Waldman, 1974. Megalosaurids from the Bajocian (Middle Jurassic) of Dorset. Palaeontology. 17, 325-339.
Pickering, 1995. Jurassic Park: Unauthorized Jewish Fractals in Philopatry, A Fractal Scaling in Dinosaurology Project, 2nd revised printing. Capitola, California: 478 pp. [January 27, 1995].
Welles and Pickering, 1999. An Extract From: Archosauromorpha: Cladistics and Osteologies. 70 pp.
Holtz, 2000. A new phylogeny of the carnivorous dinosaurs. Gaia 15. 5-61.
Pickering, DML 2001. http://dml.cmnh.org/2001Dec/msg00510.html
Allain, 2002a. Les Megalosauridae (Dinosauria, Theropoda). Nouvelle découverte et révision systématique: Implications phylogénétiques et paléobiogéographiques. Unpublished thesis. 329 pp.
Pickering, DML 2002. http://dml.cmnh.org/2002Jan/msg00608.html
Benson, 2008. A redescription of 'Megalosaurus' hesperis (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Inferior Oolite (Bajocian, Middle Jurassic) of Dorset, United Kingdom. Zootaxa. 1931, 57-67.
Benson, 2008. A new theropod phylogeny focusing on basal tetanurans and its implications for European 'megalosaurs' and Middle Jurassic dinosaur endemism. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 28(3), 51A.

Kaijiangosaurus He, 1984
K. lini He, 1984
Bathonian-Callovian, Middle Jurassic
Xiashaximiao Formation, Sichuan, China
Holotype- (CCG 20020) seven cervical vertebrae
Referred- (CCG coll.) two dorsal vertebrae, seven caudal vertebrae, scapula, coracoid, humerus, proximal ulna, three metacarpals, three manual unguals, proximal tibia, proximal fibula, metatarsal II, partial phalanx II-1, phalanx II-2, pedal ungual II, partial metatarsal III (315 mm), partial phalanx III-2, phalanx III-3, pedal ungual III, incomplete metatarsal IV, phalanx IV-1, phalanx IV-2, phalanx IV-3, phalanx IV-4, pedal ungual IV
? (CCG coll.) jugal, teeth, femur (400 mm)
Comments- The material comes from at least two individuals, the femur being comparatively smaller than the other elements. It is possibly synonymous with Xuanhanosaurus, "Szechuanoraptor" and/or Gasosaurus.
References- He, 1984. [The Vertebrate Fossils of Sichuan]. Sichuan Scientific and Technical Publishing House, Chengdu, Sichuan. 168 pp. (In Chinese)

Megalosauri Fitzinger, 1843
Megalosauria Bonaparte, 1850
Megalosauroides Gervais, 1852
Megalosauridae Huxley, 1869
Definition- (Megalosaurus bucklandii <- Spinosaurus aegyptiacus, Allosaurus fragilis, Passer domesticus) (Holtz et al., 2004)
Other definitions- (Torvosaurus tanneri + Afrovenator abakensis + "Poekilopleuron" valesdunensis) (modified from Allain, 2002)
Megalosauroidea Huxley, 1869 sensu Nopcsa, 1928
Megalosaurinae Huxley, 1869 sensu Nopcsa, 1928
Definition- (Megalosaurus bucklandii <- Eustreptospondylus oxoniensis) (Holtz et al., 2004)
Other definitions- (Poekilopleuron bucklandii <- Torvosaurus tanneri) (modified from Allain, 2002)
Comments- Traditionally a large paraphyletic family containing most basal tetanurines and carnosaurs, Megalosauridae has been limited since the late 1980's to include far fewer taxa, generally those here placed in Torvosauridae and Eustreptospondylinae, plus a few other genera such as Poekilopleuron. Similarly, the larger group containing these taxa plus Spinosauridae has often been referred to as Megalosauroidea (e.g. Holtz, 1995), since Megalosauridae has priority over both Torvosauridae and Spinosauridae. This phylogenetic placement has been largely based on torvosaurid-like elements referred to Megalosaurus, but which may not belong to that genus, as more than one large theropod taxon is present in the type locality. Based on the lectotype dentary alone, Megalosaurus could fit most anywhere in basal Tetanurae, or even as a carnosaur or basal ceratosaur. Unfortunately, as one of the earliest theropods named, Megalosaurus' eponymous family-level taxa (Megalosauroidea, Megalosauridae, Megalosaurinae) have priority over any other family level name. So if Megalosaurus ends up being more closely related to Torvosaurus than to Spinosaurus, Torvosauridae must be renamed Megalosauridae, and Spinosauroidea must be renamed Megalosauroidea. Similarily, if Megalosaurus is more closely related to Eustreptospondylus than to Torvosaurus or Spinosaurus, Eustreptospondylinae must be renamed Megalosaurinae. These issues will be resolved as more of the referred Megalosaurus remains are restudied and described.
References- Bonaparte, 1850. Conspectus Systematum Herpetologiae et Amphibiologiae. Editio Altera Reformata [Survey of the systems of reptiles and amphibians. Second revised edition]. E. J. Brill, Leyden 1.
Holtz, 1995. A new phylogeny of the Theropoda. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 15(3, suppl.), 35A.
Megalosaurus Buckland, 1824
= "Megalosaurus" Parkinson, 1822
M. bucklandii Matell, 1827
= Megalosaurus "conybeari" Ritgen, 1826
= Metriacanthosaurus "brevis" Welles, Powell and Pickering vide Pickering 1995
Aalenian-Oxfordian, Middle Jurassic-Late Jurassic
Corallian Oolite Formation?, Taynton Limestone Formation (=Stonesfield Slate), England
Lectotype- (OUM J13505) anterior dentary, teeth
Paralectotypes- ?(OUM J13560) ilium (703 mm) (Walker, 1964)
?(OUM J13561) femur (740 mm) (Day and Barrett, 2004)
?(OUM J13563) pubis
?(OUM J13565) ischium
?(OUM J13572) metatarsal II
?(OUM J13576) sacrum
?(OUM J13577) posterior dorsal vertebra
?(OUM J13579) proximal caudal vertebra
?(OUM J13580) rib
?(OUM J29792) rib
?(OUM J29881) ilium
?(OUM coll.) several caudal vertebrae
Referred- ?(BMNH 2581) incomplete caudal vertebra (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 25581) caudal vertebra (Welles and Pickering, 1999)
?(BMNH 25582) proximal pubis (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 28301) fragmentary ischium (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 28957) two sacral vertebrae (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 31808) incomplete femur (815 mm) (Day and Barrett, 2004)
?(BMNH 31809) proximal tibia (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 31810) coracoid (150 mm) (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 31811; intended holotype of Metriacanthosaurus "brevis") partial ilium (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 31813) two partial dorsal vertebrae (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 31824) rib (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 31825) rib (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 31828) jugal (Welles and Pickering, 1999)
?(BMNH 31834) tooth (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 31932) pedal phalanx (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 32725) tibia (740 mm), metatarsus (452 mm)
?(BMNH 36585) sacral rib, ulna (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 40125a) metatarsal (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 40131) partial coracoid (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 41305) tooth (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 42024) tooth (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 44097) rib (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 44097a) rib (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 47963) tooth (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH 378303) rib (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH R234) tooth (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH R283) partial ilium (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH R285) cervical vertebra (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH R700) sacrum (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH R1098) partial sacrum (Welles and Pickering, 1999)
....(BMNH 29857) partial sactum (Welles and Pickering, 1999)
?(BMNH R1099) (scapcor 830 mm) proximal scapula, partial coracoid (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH R1100) ilium (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH R1101) ilium (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH R1102) tibia (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH R1103) distal tibia (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH R1104) metatarsal (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH coll.) ulna, other elements (Lydekker, 1888)
?(BMNH coll.) tibia (Welles and Pickering, 1999)
?(Royal College of Surgeons coll.) tooth, tooth fragments, femur, partial femur, tibia, phalanx, bone fragment (Owen, 1954)
?(Duke of Marlborough coll.) partial mandible (lost) (Owen, 1857)
?(GPIT 18392) proximal femur, fibula (Welles and Pickering, 1999)
?(GSM 3887) sacrum (Welles and Pickering, 1999)
?(GSM 109560, paratype of Scelidosaurus harrisoni) femur fragment (Owen 1859)
?(GSM 109561) ungual (Owen 1859)
?(OUM J12142) partial mandible, teeth
?(OUM J13506) maxilla
?(OUM J13562) tibia (Galton and Molnar, 2005)
?(OUM J13567) incomplete pubis
?(OUM J13568) incomplete tibia
?(OUM J13569) metatarsal III
?(OUM J13573) metatarsal II
?(OUM J13574) scapulocoracoid (845 mm) (Walker, 1964)
?(OUM J13575) humerus
?(OUM J13578) proximal caudal vertebra
?(OUM J13598) tooth (Benton and Spencer, 1995)
?(OUM J13599) maxilla
?(OUM J13882) tooth (Benton and Spencer, 1995)
?(OUM J29754) proximal femur
?(OUM J29758) distal tibia
?(OUM J29761) humerus
?(OUM J29765) proximal scapula (Benton and Spencer, 1995)
?(OUM J29773) tooth (Benton and Spencer, 1995)
?(OUM J29797) partial pubis
?(OUM J29803) incomplete femur (735 mm) (Day and Barrett, 2004)
?(OUM J29813) posterior mandible
?(OUM J29872) incomplete ischium
?(OUM J29879) incomplete scapula (765 mm)
?(OUM J29882) ilium
?(OUM J29883) partial ilium
?(OUM J29884) partial ilium
?(OUM J29887a) proximal scapula
?(OUM J29888) (scapcor 795 mm) partial scapula, partial coracoid
?(OUM J29889) partial scapula, partial coracoid
?(OUM coll.) partial dorsal centrum (lost)
?(Phillips coll.) pedal ungual (lost) (Welles and Pickering, 1999)
?(RCS 72) femur (lost) (Welles and Pickering, 1999)
?(RCS 73) partial femur (lost) (Welles and Pickering, 1999)
?(RCS 74) distal tibia (lost) (Welles and Pickering, 1999)
?(SDM 44.23) femur (820 mm) (Day and Barrett, 2004)
?(SMC D.11.34C) partial scapula
? posterior skull fragment (Huene, 1906)
? dorsal vertebra (Huene, 1966)
Diagnosis- (after Benson et al., 2008) longitudinal groove in the ventral part of the lateral surface of the dentary; slit-like foramen anterior to the termination of
the Meckelian groove.
Comments- The lectotype dentary was collected in 1797. Parkinson (1822) used the name "Megalosaurus", but without description or indication of type material, making it a nomen nudum. The same can be said of Ritgen's (1826) species Megalosaurus "conybeari". Molnar et al. (1990) incorrectly attributed the species M. bucklandii to Ritgen, 1826. Meyer (1832) used the spelling bucklandi for the species, and has been followed by numerous authors, but this is incorrect.
All paralectotype and referred material is only provisionally referred to the taxon, since it is either incomparable to the lectotype dentary, or has yet to be described. There were at least two large theropods present in the Stonesfield Slate, so at least some of the above material may belong to this second taxon (= Metriacanthosaurus? "reynoldsi"?; see unnamed abelisaurian (Day and Barrett, 2004)).
Day and Barrett separated supposed Megalosaurus bucklandii femora into two groups. Morphotype A is straight in anterior view, slightly anteriorly convex in lateral view, has a sharp longitudinal ridge anteriorly on the proximal third of the shaft, and lacks an extensor groove. Morphotype B is strongly sigmoidal in anterior view, slightly sigmoidal in lateral view, lacks the ridge and has an extensor groove. One of the paralectotype specimens of M. bucklandii is morphotype B, so that morphology is provisionally assigned to that taxon.
The desired holotype of Metriacanthosaurus "brevis" is an ilium illustrated by Day and Barrett, which they couldn't distinguish from M. bucklandii. Pickering says of M. "brevis" and Metriacanthosaurus parkeri, "their great height and shortness -- diagnostic for Metriacanthosaurus -- separates them from ilia of Megalosaurus bucklandii and Allosaurus." However, Day and Barrett found this was an illusion caused by a broken postacetabular process and a plaster reconstructed preacetabular process. By using Photoshop to resize and rotate the M. "brevis" ilium and overlay it on a M. bucklandii ilium, this is quite apparent. It is not necessarily shorter, and in fact only differs from M. bucklandii in a few very minor proportions easily caused by individual variation and/or distortion. Indeed, the characters Pickering lists as distinguishing M. "brevis" from M. parkeri are largely also those that distinguish M. bucklandii from M. parkeri (nearly straight upper margin; taller preacetabular process), or don't distinguish M. "brevis" from M. bucklandii (narrower notch between preacetabular process and pubic peduncle; longer, lower acetabulum; 250 mm long). So I see no reason to support M. "brevis" and provisionally synonymize it with M. bucklandii. The referred remains of M. "brevis" include a pectoral girdle Day and Barrett couldn't distinguish from M. bucklandii, two tibiae I have no information on, and one of the morphotype A femora. If this femur (or another diagnostic element) could be shown to be associated with the ilium, my opinion would be revised, of course. But even in this case, I see no reason to assign the morphotype A femora to a Metriacanthosaurus, since the latter has a strongly sigmoidal femur and sinraptorids have deep extensor grooves, medially oriented heads, and no groove between the lateral condyle and tibiofibular crest.
While Benson et al. (2008) state "There is currently no positive evidence on which to refer M. bucklandii to Spinosauroidea (including eustreptospondylines in their opinion) and the characteristic morphology of the dentary that is present in all known spinosauroids is absent in Megalosaurus", there is only one character noted in the paper that would exclude Megalosaurus from the Spinosauroidea- the third alveolus isn't largest (the fourth is). They further state that in spinosauroids (Torvosaurus, Dubreuillosaurus, Eustreptospondylus, Magnosaurus, spinosaurids), the dentary is laterally expanded to accomodate this alveolus, whereas Megalosaurus shows a much more subtle expansion around the third to sixth alveoli. Yet the authors also note a character of Megalosaurus which is only found in some spinosauroids sensu lato- paradental groove open only anteriorly. This is shared with Dubreuillosaurus and Duriavenator, but not with Eustreptospondylus, Magnosaurus or Torvosaurus. This leaves the evidence for referring the lectotype dentary to Spinosauroidea sensu lato ambiguous.
References- Parkinson, 1822. Outlines of Oryctology. An introduction to the study of fossil organic remains, especially those found in the British Strata: London, viii + 350pp.
Buckland, W. 1824. Notice on the Megalosaurus or great fossil lizard of Stonesfield. Transactions of the Geological Society of London, 21, 390–397.
Ritgen, 1826. Versuchte Herstellung einiger Becken urweltlichter Thiere. Nova Acta Caesareaa Leopold.-Carol. Ger. Nat. Curiosorum. 13, 331-358.
Owen, 1854. Descriptive catalogue of the fossil organic remains of reptilia and pisces contained in the Museum of The Royal College of Surgeons of England: 184pp.
Owen, 1857. Monograph on the Fossil Reptilia of the Wealden Formations. Part III. Dinosauria (Megalosaurus). Palaeontographical Society Monographs. 34, 1-26, pls 1–12.
Phillips, 1871. Geology of Oxford and the Valley of the Thames: Oxford at the Clarendon Press, 523pp.
Lydekker, 1888. Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, S.W., Part 1. Containing the Orders Ornithosauria, Crocodilia, Dinosauria, Squamta, Rhynchocephalia, and Proterosauria: British Museum of Natural History, London, 309pp.
Huene, 1906. Ueber das Hinterhaupt von Megalosaurus bucklandi aus Stonesfield. Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie, 1906, p. 1-12.
Huene, 1926. The carnivorous Saurischia in the Jura and Cretaceous formations, principally in Europe. Revista del Museo de La Plata. 29, 1-167.
Huene, 1966. Ein Megalosauriden-Wirbel des lias aus norddeutschem Geschiebe: Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie, 1966, n. 5, p. 318-319.
Benton and Spencer, 1995. Fossil Reptiles of Great Britain: Geological Conservation Review Series, Chapman & Hall, 386pp.
Pickering, 1995. "Jurassic Park: Unauthorized Jewish Fractals in Philopatry," A Fractal Scaling in Dinosaurology Project, 2nd revised printing, Capitola, California: 478 pp. [January 27, 1995].
Welles and Pickering, 1999. Megalosaurus bucklandii: Private publication of Stephen Pickering, An extract from Archosauromorpha: Cladistics & Osteologies. A Fractal Scaling in Dinosaurology Project, p. 1-119.
Allain, 2002a. Les Megalosauridae (Dinosauria, Theropoda). Nouvelle découverte et révision systématique: Implications phylogénétiques et paléobiogéographiques. Unpublished thesis. 329 pp.
Day and Barrett, 2004. Material Referred to Megalosaurus (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Middle Jurassic of Stonesfield, Oxfordshire, England: one taxon or two? Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 115, 359-366.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/paleo_bio_dinosaur_ontology/message/8460
Galton and Molnar, 2005. Tibiae of small theropod dinosaurs from Southern England, from the Middle Jurassic of Stonesfield near Oxford and the Lower Cretaceous of the Isle of Wight: In: The Carnivorous Dinosaurs, Edited by Carpenter, K., I. Theropods Old and New, p. 3-22.
Benson, Barrett, Powell and Norman, 2008. The taxonomic status of Megalosaurus bucklandii (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Middle Jurassic of Oxfordshire, UK. Paleontology. 51, 419-424.
Benson, 2009. An assessment of variability in theropod dinosaur remains from the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) of Stonesfield and New Park Quarry, UK and taxonomic implications for Megalosaurus bucklandii and Iliosuchus incognitus. Palaeontology. 52(4), 857-877.
Benson, in press. A description of Megalosaurus bucklandii (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Bathonian of the United Kingdom and the relationships of Middle Jurassic theropods. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society.
M? “phillipsi” Welles, Powell and Pickering vide Pickering, 1995
Kimmeridgian, Late Jurassic
Kimmeridgian Clay, England
Material- (OUM J29886) tibia
....(OUM J13586) metatarsal II, metatarsal III, metatarsal IV
Diagnosis- (from Pickering, DML 2002) compared with Megalosaurus bucklandii, tibia with more expanded head, the shaft straighter and more massive; the fibular flange begins higher on the shaft and extends farther down; if this is oriented laterally, then the head is rotated much more craniolaterally, its axis 55 degrees versus 40 degrees; the astragalar facet lacks the dorsal pit, but has the same curvature of the overhang; the concavity of the distal end is wider; the postfibular plate does not extend so far below the medial end.
Comments- OUM J29886 is intended as the holotype. The validity and referral of this specimen to Megalosaurus has not been justified in published literature.
References- Phillips, 1871. Geology of Oxford and the Valley of the Thames. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Huene, 1926. The carnivorous Saurischia in the Jura and Cretaceous formations, principally in Europe. Revista del Museo de La Plata. 29, 35-167.
Pickering, 1995. "Jurassic Park: Unauthorized Jewish Fractals in Philopatry," A Fractal Scaling in Dinosaurology Project, 2nd revised printing, Capitola, California: 478 pp. [January 27, 1995].
http://dml.cmnh.org/2002Mar/msg00553.html
M? sp. indet. (Lydekker, 1888)
Early Jurassic
Coral Rag of Dry Sandford, England
Material- (BMNH R1027) sacrum
Comments- This specimen is probably too early to be Megalosaurus, and cannot be referred to that taxon because the sacrum of M. bucklandii lacks described apomorphies and known specimens are only tentatively referred to the species.
Reference- Lydekker, 1888. Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, S.W., Part 1. Containing the Orders Ornithosauria, Crocodilia, Dinosauria, Squamta, Rhynchocephalia, and Proterosauria: British Museum of Natural History, London, 309pp.
M? sp. indet. (Lydekker, 1888)
Bajocian, Middle Jurassic
Inferior Oolite, England
Material- (BMNH 47152) tooth
(BMNH R497) partial tooth
Comments- These specimens cannot be referred to Megalosaurus bucklandii because the teeth of that taxon lack described apomorphies.
Reference- Lydekker, 1888. Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, S.W., Part 1. Containing the Orders Ornithosauria, Crocodilia, Dinosauria, Squamta, Rhynchocephalia, and Proterosauria: British Museum of Natural History, London, 309pp.
M? sp. indet. (Lydekker, 1888)
Middle Bathonian, Middle Jurassic
Cotswold Slates, England
Material- (BMNH 28608) tooth (Lydekker, 1888)
(BMNH R2635) tooth (Benton and Spencer, 1995)
(GLCRM T.70-1, G.72-3, T.74-6) ribs, limb elements (Benton and Spencer, 1995)
Comments- These specimens cannot be referred to Megalosaurus bucklandii because the teeth of that taxon lack described apomorphies and known postcrania are only tentatively referred to the species.
References- Lydekker, 1888. Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, S.W., Part 1. Containing the Orders Ornithosauria, Crocodilia, Dinosauria, Squamta, Rhynchocephalia, and Proterosauria: British Museum of Natural History, London, 309pp.
Benton and Spencer, 1995. Fossil Reptiles of Great Britain: Geological Conservation Review Series, Chapman & Hall, 386pp.
M? sp. indet. (Lydekker, 1888)
Late Bathonian, Middle Jurassic
Cornbrash Formation, England
Material- (BMNH 47169) dorsal centrum
Comments- This specimen cannot be referred to Megalosaurus bucklandii because the vertebrae of that taxon lack described apomorphies and known specimens are only tentatively referred to the species.
Reference- Lydekker, 1888. Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, S.W., Part 1. Containing the Orders Ornithosauria, Crocodilia, Dinosauria, Squamta, Rhynchocephalia, and Proterosauria: British Museum of Natural History, London, 309pp.
M? sp. indet. (Delair, 1973)
Late Bathonian, Middle Jurassic
Forest Marble, England
Material- (BMNH 39476) tooth (Delair, 1973)
teeth (Freeman, 1979)
Comments- These specimens cannot be referred to Megalosaurus bucklandii because the teeth of that taxon lack described apomorphies.
References- Delair, 1973. The Dinosaurs of Wiltshire: Whiltshire Archaeology and Natural History Magazine, v. 68, p. 1-7.
Freeman, 1979. A Middle Jurassic Mammal Bed from Oxfordshire: Palaeontology, v. 22, part 1, p. 135-166.
M? sp. indet. (Lydekker, 1888)
Early Cretaceous
Potton Sands, England
Material- (BMNH 42028) fragmentary posterior dorsal vertebra
Comments- This specimen is too late to be Megalosaurus, and cannot be referred to that taxon because the vertebrae of M. bucklandii lack described apomorphies and known specimens are only tentatively referred to the species.
Reference- Lydekker, 1888. Catalogue of the Fossil Reptilia and Amphibia in the British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, S.W., Part 1. Containing the Orders Ornithosauria, Crocodilia, Dinosauria, Squamta, Rhynchocephalia, and Proterosauria: British Museum of Natural History, London, 309pp.
M? sp. indet. (Owen, 1854)
Hauterivian-Barremian, Early Cretaceous
Weald Clay, England
Material- (Royal College of Surgeons coll.) posterior dorsal vertebra
(Royal College of Surgeons coll.) dorsal centrum, caudal vertebra, distal caudal vertebra
(Royal College of Surgeons coll.) partial neural arch
(Royal College of Surgeons coll.) ungual
Comments- These specimens are too late to be Megalosaurus, and cannot be referred to that taxon because the vertebrae and unguals of M. bucklandii lack described apomorphies and known specimens are only tentatively referred to the species.
Reference- Owen, 1854. Descriptive catalogue of the fossil organic remains of reptilia and pisces contained in the Museum of The Royal College of Surgeons of England: 184pp.
M? sp. indet. (Sauvage, 1900)
Bathonian, Middle Jurassic
Indre, France
Material- tooth
Comments- This specimen cannot be referred to Megalosaurus bucklandii because the teeth of that taxon lack described apomorphies.
Reference- Sauvage, 1900. Note sur les poissons et les reptiles du Jurassique inferieur du department de l'Indre: Bulletin de la societie geologiques de France, 3rd series, v. 28, p. 500-504.
M? sp. indet. (Mercier, 1937)
Early Bathonian, Middle Jurassic
Ecouche Limestone, France
Material- tooth
Comments- This specimen cannot be referred to Megalosaurus bucklandii because the teeth of that taxon lack described apomorphies.
References- Mercier, 1937.
Buffetaut, Cuny and Le Loeuff, 1991. French Dinosaurs: The best record in Europe?: In: Special Issue, Dinosaur Studies, Commemorating the 150th Aniversary of Richard Owen’s Dinosauria. Modern Geology, v. 16, n. 1 and 2, p. 17-42.
M? sp. indet. (Royo and Gomez, 1927)
Hauterivian-Barremian, Early Cretaceous
Weald Clay, Spain
Comments- These specimens are too late to be Megalosaurus.
Reference- Royo and Gomez, 1927. Sur le facies wealdien d'Espange: Bulletin de la societie geologiques de France, 4th series, v. 27, CR, p. 125-128.
M? sp. indet. (Ubaghs, 1892)
Late Maastrichtian, Late Cretaceous
Maastricht Formation, Belgium
Material- fragmentary tooth
Comments- This specimen is too late to be Megalosaurus, and cannot be referred to that taxon because the teeth of M. bucklandii lack described apomorphies. Based on its age, this is more probably abelisaurid or dromaeosaurid.
Reference- Ubaghs, C., 1892, Le Megalosaurus dans la craie superieure du Limbourg: Bull. Soc. Gelge. Geol., v. 6, Mem, p. 26-29.

“Merosaurus” Welles, Powell and Pickering vide Pickering, 1995
“M. newmani” Welles, Powell and Pickering vide Pickering, 1995
Sinemurian, Early Jurassic
Lower Lias, England
Material- (BMNH 39496, holotype of Scelidosaurus harrisoni) distal femur, proximal tibia
(GSM 109560; lost) femur, partial tibia
?(GSM 109561) manual ungual I
Description- (after Pickering, online 2005) the type is very similar to Sarcosaurus, and is of the same diagnostic pattern as Ceratosaurus and Dilophosaurus in the nearly straight cranial edge, the concave popliteal notch, and the elliptical, caudolaterally oriented ectocondyle. The anterior trochanter is a blunt cone vs. the diagnostic flat blade of Megalosauridae.
Comments- This was originally referred to Scelidosaurus by Owen (1863; 1884), and was designated as the type of that taxon by Lydekker (1888). Newman (1968) recognized its theropod nature. Carrano and Sampson (2004) refer this specimen to the basal Tetanurae.
References- Pickering, S., 1995. "Jurassic Park: Unauthorized Jewish Fractals in Philopatry," A Fractal Scaling in Dinosaurology Project, 2nd revised printing, Capitola, California: 478 pp. [January 27, 1995].
Carrano and Sampson, 2004. A review of coelophysoids (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Jurassic of Europe, with comments on the late history of the Coelophysoidea. N. Jb. Geol. Palaont. Mh. 2004 (9): 537-558.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/paleo_bio_dinosaur_ontology/message/8446

"Mifunesaurus" Hisa, 1985
Middle Cenomanian, Late Cretaceous
Kabu Formation of the Mifune Group, Japan
Material- (YNUGI 10003; Mifune-ryu) (~6-7 m) maxillary tooth (72.7 mm)
Comments- This tooth was discovered in 1979, and described in 1984 by Hawegawa and Murata. They referred it to Megalosauridae gen. et. sp. indet., and nicknamed it Mifune-ryu. Hisa (1985) later gave it the nomen nudum "Mifunesaurus" in an illustrated booklet on dinosaurs. It was illustrated and described in detail by Hasegawa et al. (1992), who referred it to Megalosauridae based on similarity to "Walkersaurus", Gasosaurus and a Chinese specimen of unknown stratigraphic origin probably incorrectly referred to Megalosaurus bucklandii. They thought it was distinct from other named theropods in its low basal width to crown length ratio (.17), but this is also seen in ceratosaurids, for instance. It remains a nomen nudum because Hawegawa et al. did not name the tooth, while Hisa's (1985) description was apparently deficient. While Chure (2000) stated some of the teeth from the Kabu Formation have enamel wrinkles, Chure et al. (1999) show he was referring to a tooth from the Jobu Formation (MDM 341). Additional remains from the Jobu Formation of the Mifune Group (Tamara et al., 1991- four teeth, tibia, fibula, metatarsals II and III) are sometimes referred to "Mifunesaurus" as well, but although Chure (2000) stated the teeth were similar, there are no reported synapomorphies which would allow placing them in the same taxon.
The tooth crown is 72.7 mm tall, with a FABL of 22.5 mm and a basal width of 12.3 mm. It is recurved and lens shaped in section, with almost symmetrically distributed carinae. There are 20 serrations per 5 mm on both mesial and distal carinae. Blood grooves are present at least posteriorly, but enamel ridges are absent. "Mifunesaurus"' tooth seems too thick to be a ceratosaurid, and taller than in abelisaurids, so is probably from a non-maniraptoriform tetanurine, such as a spinosauroid or carnosaur.
References- Hasegawa and Murata, 1984. First Record of Carnivorous Dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Kyushu, Japan. Abstract of the Annual Meeting of the Paleontological Society of Japan.
Hisa, 1985.
Dong, Hasegawa and Azuma, 1990. The Age of Dinosaurs in Japan and China. Fukui, Japan: Fukui Prefectural Museum. 65 pp.
Tamara, Okazaki and Ikegami, 1991. Occurence of carnosaurian and herbivorous dinosaurs from upper formation of Mifune Group, Japan, Memiors of the Faculty of Education, Kumamoto University. 40, 31-45.
Hasegawa, Murata, Wasada and Manabe, 1992. The first carnosaur (Saurischia; Theropoda) from Japan; A tooth from the Cenomanian Mifune Group of Kyushu. Sci. Rep. Yokohama Natl. Univ. Ser. 2 39, 41-49.
Chure, Manabe, Tanimoto and Tomida, 1999. An unusual theropod tooth from the Mifune Group (Late Cenomanian to Early Turonian), Kumamoto, Japan. in Tomida, Rich, and Vickers-Rich (eds.). Proceedings of the Second Gondwanan Dinosaur Symposium. National Science Museum (Tokyo) Monographs. 15, 291-296.
Chure, 2000. A new species of Allosaurus from the Morrison Formation of Dinosaur National Monument (Utah-Colorado) and a revision of the theropod family Allosauridae. Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University, 1-964.

"Saltriosaurus" Dalla Vecchia, 2001
Sinemurian, Early Jurassic
Saltrio Formation, Italy
Material- (MSNM V3664) (8 m; 1.5 tons) lateral tooth, dorsal rib fragments, scapular fragment, furcula, humeri, metacarpal II, phalanx II-1, phalanx III-1, phalanx III-2, manual ungual III, proximal fibula, distal tarsal III, distal tarsal IV
References- Dalla Vecchia, 2001. A new theropod dinosaur from the Lower Jurassic of Italy, Saltriosaurus. Dino Press. 3, 81–87.
Del Sasso, 2003. Dinosaurs of Italy. Comptes Rendus Palevol.

Shidaisaurus Wu, Currie, Dong, Pan and Wang, 2009
S. jinae Wu, Currie, Dong, Pan and Wang, 2009
Aalenian-Bajocian, Middle Jurassic
Upper Lufeng Formation, Yunnan, China
Holotype- (LDM-LCA 9701-IV) braincase, three teeth, atlantal intercentrum, axis, cervical vertebrae, third dorsal vertebra, fourth dorsal vertebra, fifth dorsal vertebra, sixth dorsal vertebra, seventh dorsal vertebra, eighth dorsal vertebra, ninth dorsal vertebra, tenth dorsal vertebra, eleventh dorsal vertebra, twelfth dorsal vertebra, thirteenth dorsal vertebra, two gastralia, sacral vertebrae 1+2, third sacral vertebra, fourth sacral vertebra, fifth sacral vertebra, first caudal vertebra, second caudal vertebra, third caudal vertebra, ilium (620 mm), pubes (620 mm), ischium (599 mm)
Diagnosis- (after Wu et al., 2009) supraoccipital excluded from foramen magnum; paroccipital processes downturned at 110 degrees; large, pointed axial epipophyses; thin and broad lamina between axial neural spine and epipophyses; iliopubic ratio ~1.00; obturator notch absent on ischium; ischium >96% of pubic length.
Comments- Wu et al. merely considered Shidaisaurus a tetanurine, perhaps non-avetheropod due to the absent axial pleurocoel. Inclusion in my theropod supermatrix suggests it is either related to basal tetanurines such as Piatnitzkysaurus and "Szechuanoraptor", or is a basal carnosaur
Reference- Wu, Currie, Dong, Pan and Wang, 2009. A new theropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of Lufeng, Yunnan, China. Acta Geologica Sinica. 83(1), 9-24.

Valdoraptor Olshevsky, 1991
V. oweni (Lydekker, 1889) Olshevsky, 1991
= Megalosaurus oweni Lydekker, 1889
= Altispinax oweni (Lydekker, 1889) Huene, 1923
Barremian, Early Cretaceous
Upper Weald Clay, England
Holotype- (BMNH R2559) incomplete metatarsal II, incomplete metatarsal III, incomplete metatarsal IV
Comments- This was originally referred to Hylaeosaurus by Owen, but was identified as theropod by Hulke (1881).
Lydekker (1890) referred BMNH R604a, 604c-d and 1525 from the earlier Wadhurst Clay and BMNH 2574, 2661 and 2680 from the type horizon to the species, but they have not been compared in detail (see Altispinax? sp. indet. entry).
References- Hulke, 1881.
Lydekker, 1889. On the remains and affinities of five genera of Mesozoic reptiles. Q. J. Geol. Soc. London 45: 41-59.
Lydekker, 1890.
Huene, 1923. Carnivorous Saurischia in Europe since the Triassic. Bull. Geol. Soc. Am. 34: 449-458.
Olshevsky, 1991."A Revision of the Parainfraclass Archosauria Cope, 1869, Excluding the Advanced Crocodylia," Mesozoic Meanderings #2 (1st printing): iv + 196 pp.

unnamed tetanurine (Ricqles, 1967)
Aptian-Albian, Early Cretaceous
Elrhaz Formation of the Tegama Group, Niger
Material- partial manual ungual I
Comments- This specimen was described by Ricqles (1967) as dinosaurian, and Rozhderstveksky (1970) placed it in Theropoda. Nessov (1995) referred it to Therizinosauria or "groups most closely related to them" (which in his opinion consisted of spinosaurids and dryptosaurids). The ungual closely resembles both Baryonyx and Alxasaurus, though it tapers more than the former and is less curved than the latter.
References- Ricqles, 1967. La paleontologie de terrain: Un bilan international. Atomes. 243, 337-341.
Rozhdestvensky, 1970. Giant claws of enigmatic Mesozoic reptiles. Paleontological Journal. 1970(1), 131-141.
Nessov, 1995. Dinosaurs of nothern Eurasia: new data about assemblages, ecology, and paleobiogeography. Institute for Scientific Research on the Earth's Crust, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg. 1-156.

unnamed tetanurine (He, 1984)
Bathonian-Callovian, Middle Jurassic
Xiashaximiao Formation
Material- three cervical vertebrae, two anterior dorsal vertebrae, proximal caudal vertebra, coracoid, ischium, tibia, fibula, metatarsal
Comments- This specimen was originally referred to Szechuanosaurus, but was found to be an indeterminate basal tetanurine by Chure (2000).
References- He, 1984. The Vertebrate Fossils of Sichuan. Sichuan Scientific and Technical Publishing House, Chengdu, Sichuan. 168 pp.
Li, Zhang and Cai, 1998. The Characteristics of the composition of the trace elements in Jurassic Dinosaur Bones and Red Beds in Sichuan Basin: Geological Publishing House, Beijing, 155pp.
Chure, 2000. A new species of Allosaurus from the Morrison Formation of Dinosaur National Monument (Utah-Colorado) and a revision of the theropod family Allosauridae. Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University, 1-964.

unnamed tetanurine (Galton and Molnar, 2005)
Middle Jurassic
Tauton Limestone Formation (Stonefield Slate), England
Material- distal tibia
Comments- Assigned to the basal Tetanurae.
Reference- Galton and Molnar, 2005. Tibiae of small theropod dinosaurs from Southern England: From the Middle Jurassic of Stonesfield near Oxford and the Lower Cretaceous of the Isle of Wight. In Carpenter (ed.). The Carnivorous Dinosaurs. Indiana University Press. 3-22.

undescribed tetanurine (Naish and Martill, 2007)
Kimmeridgian, Late Jurassic
Kimmeridge Clay, England
Material- cervical vertebrae, dorsal vertebrae, sacral vertebrae, caudal vertebrae, pelvic elements, hindlimb elements
Comments- This specimen was mentioned as a "peculiar, gracile tetanurine" by Naish (online, 2006) and is due to be studied. Naish and Martill (2007) mention it in print as pers. comm. from Powell.
References- Naish, online 2006. http://darrennaish.blogspot.com/2006/12/obscure-dinosaurs-of-kimmeridge-clay.html
Naish and Martill, 2007. Dinosaurs of Great Britain and the role of the Geological Society of London in their discovery: basal Dinosauria and Saurischia. Journal of the Geological Society, London. 164, 493-510.

"Allosaurus" tendagurensis Janensch, 1925
= Antrodemus tendagurensis (Janensch, 1925) Huene, 1932
Kimmeridgian, Late Jurassic
Middle Saurian Beds of Tendaguru Formation, Tanzania
Holotype- (HM 67) partial tibia (~910 mm)
Diagnosis- combination of- cnemial crest not strongly curved laterally (basal); no proximal groove on posterior tibial surface separating lateral and medial condyles (basal); fibular crest distally placed (derived).
Comments- Chure (2000) notes this specimen resembles abelisaurids because it lacks a strongly curved cnemial crest or incisura tibialis and has no posterior groove between the lateral and medial condyles. However, he states the astragalus is not fused to it and the fibular crest is more distally placed than abelisaurids. The lack of a well developed incisura tibialis indicates
it is not tetanurine, but the distally placed fibular crest is a tetanurine synapomorphy. The lack of fusion is inconsequential, as ceratosaurs like Elaphrosaurus and Quilmesaurus exhibit the condition.
References- Janensch, 1925. Die Coelurosaurier und Theropoden der Tendaguru-Schichten Deutsch-Ostafrikas. Palaeontographica (Suppl. 7)1:1-99.
Huene, 1932. Die fossile Reptile-Ordnung Saurischia, ihre Entwicklung und Geschichte. Monogr. Geol. Palaeontol. (Pt. I and II, Ser. I) 4, 1-361.
Chure, 2000. A new species of Allosaurus from the Morrison Formation of Dinosaur National Monument (UT-CO) and a revision of the theropod family Allosauridae. PhD dissertation. Columbia University. 964 pp.

unnamed tetanurine (Stromer, 1934)
Cenomanian, Late Cretaceous
Baharija Formation, Egypt
Material- (IPHG 1912 VIII 192) tibia (660+ mm) (Stromer 1934)
(IPHG 1912 VIII 76) tibia (575 mm) (Stromer 1934)
(IPHG 1912 VIII 190) tibia (Stromer 1934)
Cenomanian, Late Cretaceous
Kem Kem Beds, Morocco
tibia (630 mm) (Lavocat 1954)
Comments- Stromer described three tibiae from the Baharija Formation of Egypt and assigned them to Elaphrosaurus. The distally placed fibular crest and high ascending process suggest this is a tetanurine, but the lack of a prominent incisura tibialis is more primitive than other tetanurines except "Allosaurus" tendagurensis and Condorraptor. Lavocat (1954) described a tibia from the Kem Kem Beds of Morocco that he thought was very similar to Stromer’s material, but had a differently developed cnemial crest.
References- Stromer, 1934. Wirbeltierreste der Baharije-Stufe (unterstes Cenoman). 13. Dinosauria. Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wissensch. Math.-naturwiss. Abt. 22:1-79.
Lavocat, 1954. Sur les Dinosauriens du continental intercalaire des Kem-Kem de la Daoura. C. R. 19th Internatl. Geol. Congr. 1952: 65-68.

unnamed basal tetanurine (Rauhut, 2005)
Late Kimmeridgian, Late Jurassic
Middle Saurian Bed of Tengaguru Formation, Tanzania
Material- (MB.R 1763) tibia (163 mm)
Comments- Originally described as 'coelurosaurier A', Rauhut (2005) has identified it as a basal tetanurine.
References- Janensch, 1925. Die Coelurosaurier und Theropoden der Tendaguru-Schichten Deutsch-Ostafrikas. Palaeontographica, Supplement VII, 1–99.
Rauhut, 2005. Post-cranial remains of ‘coelurosaurs’ (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Late Jurassic of Tanzania. Geol. Mag. 142 (1), pp. 97–107.

Condorraptor Rauhut, 2005
C. currumili Rauhut, 2005
Callovian, Middle Jurassic
Canadon Asfalto Formation, Argentina
Holotype- (MPEF-PV 1672) tibia
Paratypes- .........(MPEF-PV 1673) ?fourth cervical vertebra (57 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1674) ?seventh cervical vertebra (70 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1675) tenth cervical vertebra (59 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1676) first dorsal centrum (61 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1677) mid dorsal centrum (~70 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1678) mid dorsal centrum (~68 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1679) partial anterior dorsal neural arch
.........(MPEF-PV 1680) posterior dorsal vertebra (80 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1681) second sacral vertebra (75 mm), third sacral vertebra (75 mm), fourth sacral vertebra (72 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1682) mid caudal vertebra (77 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1683) distal caudal vertebra (67 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1684) dorsal rib fragment
.........(MPEF-PV 1685) dorsal rib fragment
.........(MPEF-PV 1686) ilial fragment
.........(MPEF-PV 1687) ilial fragment
.........(MPEF-PV 1688) pubic fragment
.........(MPEF-PV 1689) partial ischium
.........(MPEF-PV 1690) distal femur
.........(MPEF-PV 1691) distal femur
.........(MPEF-PV 1692) metatarsal IV (242 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1693) proximal pedal ungual
.........(MPEF-PV 1694) lateral tooth (FABL 11 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1695) lateral tooth (FABL 10.5; ~26 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1696) proximal pubis
.........(MPEF-PV 1697) ?second dorsal vertebra (57.5 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1700) posterior dorsal vertebra (76 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1701) first sacral vertebra (69 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1702) anterior caudal vertebra (56 mm)
.........(MPEF-PV 1703) partial chevron
.........(MPEF-PV 1704) ilial fragment
.........(MPEF-PV 1705) anterior dorsal vertebra (65 mm)
Diagnosis- (from Rauhut, 2005) posterior incision between fibular condyle and medial part of proximal tibia absent; large, shallow depression laterally on the base of the cnemial crest; pleurocoel in anterior cervical vertebrae placed behind the posteroventral corner of the parapophyses; large nutrient foramina on the lateral side of the ischial peduncle of the ilium; metatarsal IV with a distinct step dorsally between shaft and distal articular facet.
References- Rauhut, 2002. Dinosaur evolution in the Jurassic: a South American perspective. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 22, 89A.
Rauhut, 2005. Osteology and relationships of a new theropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of Patagonia. Palaeontology. 48(1), 87-110.

Erectopodidae Huene, 1932
Erectopus Huene, 1923
E. superbus (Sauvage, 1882b) Huene, 1923
= Megalosaurus superbus Sauvage, 1882b
= gen. indet. superbus (Sauvage, 1882b) Huene, 1932
= Erectopus sauvagei Huene, 1932
Early Albian, Early Cretaceous
Phosphate bearing beds of La Penthieve, Meuse, France
Lectotype- (MNHN 2001-4) anterior maxilla
Plastotype- (MNHN 2001-4; holotype of Erectopus sauvagei) incomplete phalanx I-1 (35 mm), partial manual ungual I, incomplete phalanx II-I, phalanx II-2, partial manual ungual II, distal metacarpal III, phalanx III-1, proximal phalanx III-2, femur (480 mm), proximal tibia, distal tibia, calcaneum, metatarsal II (230 mm)
Syntypes- (lost) two teeth, several dorsal centra (55, 65 mm), dorsal ribs, partial sacrum, several caudal vertebrae (75 mm), distal radius, distal ulna, metacarpal I, phalanx III-3, metacarpal IV, partial ilium, proximal fibula
Comments- Barrois (1875) and Sauvage (1876, 1882a) first described two teeth as Megalosaurus, and Sauvage (1882b) later described them, a jaw fragment and postcranial material as Megalosaurus superbus. Huene (1923) separated it from Megalosaurus as the new genus Erectopus superbus. Sauvage (1882b) did not designate any material as a holotype, and it is not certain it all derives from one individual. In particular, a much larger distal femur was found in the same area, and the teeth were seemingly discovered before the postcrania and maxillary fragment. Huene (1932) incorrectly believed Sauvage based the name superbus on the original teeth, and as he thought these were too large to go with the postcrania, he separated the latter as Erectopus sauvagei. However, there is no evidence Sauvage intended to base superbus on the teeth, and the fact he waited until describing the postcrania in 1882 to name the species suggests the opposite. Furthermore, Allain (2005) notes the original tooth matches the preserved maxillary teeth in size. Huene retained the teeth as gen. indet. superbus, which he believed was an allosaurid in contrast to Erectopus, which he placed in a monotypic new family. Allain made the maxillary fragment the lectotype of Erectopus superbus, as the rest of the material is lost (though some elements are preserved as casts to form a plastotype). As the tooth matches that on the lectotype, and the rest of the specimen is no more certainly associated than the maxilla and tooth are with it, there is no reason to separate the tooth from the postcrania taxonomically. Notably, the ICZN does not allow a species to lack a genus, and the genus Erectopus must be attached to the species superbus based on Huene (1923), regardless which elements each name is based on. Erectopus sauvagei is thus an objective junior synonym of Erectopus superbus.
Huene (1926) reidentified several elements from Sauvage’s (1882) description. The clavicle, and metacarpals are a scapula and distal radius and ulna respectively. However, it seems the scapular identification is in error, and the element is actually the posteroventral portion of an ilium (Chure, 2000). Metacarpal I was originally identified as a manual phalanx (Sauvage, 1882b) and pedal phalanx IV-? (Huene, 1926), until correctly identified by Molnar (1990). Molnar (1990) questioned the identification of a metacarpal V by Huene (1926). It is here identified as a metacarpal IV. A manual phalanx here identified as III-3 was called a pedal phalanx I-1 by Huene (1926) and a manual phalanx III-1 by Chure (2000). Allain (2002a) reidentified the posterior mandible as an anterior maxilla.
Several other remains have been referred to Erectopus or Megalosaurus superbus in the past. Simionescu (1913) compared a tooth from earlier sediments in Romania to Megalosaurus superbus. Huene (1926) doubted it was the same species due to age differences, but did continue to call it Erectopus aff. superbus. It does not seem diagnostic past Neotheropoda.
Huene (1926) referred material from Grandpre (two teeth, proximal metacarpal(?), two metatarsals), Ber-le-Duc (pedal phalanx II-1) and Blacourt (distal femur) to Erectopus superbus. He later referred at least the Grandpre postcrania to his new species Erectopus sauvagei, but retained the teeth in superbus (which he did not refer to a genus at the time). The teeth and metatarsals were originally described by Barrois (1875) and Sauvage (1876, 1882a, 1882b) as Megalosaurus. The proximal metacarpal was illustrated by Sauvage (1882b) and noted as a distal fibula by Huene, but later reidentified by Chure (2000). The distal femur was originally described by Sauvage (1876), but determined by Chure to be crocodilian. None of the theropod remains seem particularly diagnostic and are here excluded from Erectopus.
Lapparent and Zbyszewski (1957) referred two tooth fragments from the Aptian of Portugal to Megalosaurus superbus, but these are undiagnostic.
Allain (2002a, b) found Erectopus to emerge as a carnosaur in an unpublished phylogenetic analysis based on his thesis, which was also the conclusion of his 2005 redescription of the material. This was based solely on the interpretation of the distal tibia as indicating a well developed posterior astragalar ascending process. However, a similar morphology is also seen in the tibia of Poekilopleuron, which lacks a posterior ascending process. My own inclusion of Erectopus in a theropod supermatrix suggests it is a more basal tetanurine instead, based on such characters as the weakly curved manual ungual I, limited contact between metacarpals I and II, possible presence of manual phalanx IV-1, ventrally directed femoral head.
References- Barraois, 1975. Les reptiles du terrain Crétacé du nord-est du Bassin de Paris. Bulletin scientifique, historique et littéraire du Nord. 6, 1-11.
Sauvage, 1876. Notes sur les reptiles fossiles. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France. 4, 435-442.
Sauvage, 1882a. Sur les reptiles trouves dans le Gault de l'est de la France. Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences. 94, 1265.
Sauvage, 1882b. Recherches sur les reptiles trouves dans le Gault de l'est du bassin de Parts. Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France. 2, 1-42.
Simionescu, 1913. Megalosaurus aus der Unterkreide der Dobrogea. Chi. Min. Geol. Palaeontol. 1913, 686-687.
Huene, 1923. Carnivorous Saurischia in Europe since the Triassic. Bulletin of the Geological Society of America. 34, 449-458.
Huene, 1926. The carnivorous Saurischia in the Jura and Cretaceous formations, principally in Europe. Revista Museo de La Plata. 29, 35-167.
Huene, 1932. Die fossile Reptil-Ordnung Saurischia, ihre Entwicklung und Geschichte. Monographien zur Geologie und Palaeontologie. 4(1), 361 pp.
Lapparent and Zbyszewski, 1957. [The dinosaurs of Portugal]. Services Geologiques du Portugal. Memoire 2, 1-63.
Molnar, 1990. Problematic Theropoda: "Carnosaurs". in Weishampel, Dodson and Osmolska (eds.). The Dinosauria. University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, Oxford. 306-317.
Chure, 2000. A new species of Allosaurus from the Morrison Formation of Dinosaur National Monument (Utah-Colorado) and a revision of the theropod family Allosauridae. Ph.D. dissertation, Columbia University, 1-964.
Allain, 2002a. Les Megalosauridae (Dinosauria, Theropoda). Nouvelle découverte et révision systématique: Implications phylogénétiques et paléobiogéographiques. Unpublished thesis. 329 pp.
Allain, 2002b. The phylogenetic relationships of Megalosauridae within basal tetanurine theropods (Dinosauria). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 22(3), 31A.
Allain, 2005. The enigmatic theropod dinosaur Erectopus superbus (Sauvage, 1882) from the Lower Albian of Louppy-le-Ch'teau (Meuse, France). In Carpenter (ed.). The Carnivorous Dinosaurs. Indiana University Press. 72-86.
E? sp. indet. (Stromer, 1934)
Early Cenomanian, Late Cretaceous
Baharija Formation, Egypt
Material- (IPHG 1912 VIII 78) tibia
(IPHG 1912 VIII 85) femur (800 mm)
(IPHG 1912 VIII 190) (juvenile) femur
Reference- Stromer, 1934. Ergebnisse der Forschungsreisen Prof. E. Stromers in den Wüsten Ägyptens. II. Wirbeltierreste der Baharîje-Stufe (unterstes Cenoman). 13. Dinosauria. Abh. Bayer. Akad. Wiss., Math.-Nat. Abt., (n. s.) 22, 1-79.

Piatnitzkysaurus Bonaparte, 1979
P. floresi Bonaparte, 1979
Callovian, Middle Jurassic
Canadon Asfalto Formation, Argentina
Holotype- (PVL 4073) (4.24 m, 275 kg (Mazzetta et al., 2000 estimated 450 kg)) maxilla, frontal, braincase, anterior dentaries, axis, cervical vertebrae, dorsal vertebrae, two proximal caudal vertebrae, scapulae, coracoids, humerus, ulna, partial ilium, incomplete pubis, incomplete ischia, femora (552 mm), tibiae (492 mm), fibulae
Paratype- (MACN CH 895) incomplete maxilla, two posterior dorsal vertebrae, two dorsal centra, four sacral vertebrae, humerus, proximal pubis, ischium, tibia, metatarsal II (253 mm), metatarsal III (290 mm), metatarsal IV (252 mm)
Diagnosis- (after Rauhut, 2004) parasphenoid recess; parasphenoid recesses communicate; basipterygoid recesses longer anteroposteriorly than high dorsoventrally; width of the articular surface of the basipterygoid processes is more than twice their length and the transverse span between the processes of the left and right side is less than the width of the basal tubera (also in Piveteausaurus?).
References- Bonaparte, 1979. Dinosaurs: A Jurassic assembalge from Patagonia. Science 205: 1377-1379
Bonaparte, 1986. Les Dinosaures (Carnosaures, Allosauridés, Sauropodes, Cétiosauridés) du Jurassique moyen de Cerro Cóndor (Chubut, Argentine). [The Middle Jurassic dinosaurs (carnosaurs, allosaurids, sauropods, cetiosaurids) from Cerro Cóndor (Chubut, Argentina).] [in French, with Spanish summ.]. Annales de Paléontologie. Paris, France 72 p. 247-289.
Rauhut, 2004. Braincase structure of the Middle Jurassic theropod dinosaur Piatnitzkysaurus. Can. J. Earth Sci. 41: 1109–1122.

Streptospondylidae Kurzanov, 1989
Streptospondylus Meyer, 1832
= "Streptospondylus" Meyer, 1830
S. altdorfensis Meyer, 1832
= Streptospondylus rostromajor Owen, 1842
= Laelaps gallicus Cope, 1867
= Poekilopleuron gallicum (Cope, 1867) Cope, 1869
= Dryptosaurus gallicus (Cope, 1867) Olshevsky, 1991
Late Callovian-Early Oxfordian, Middle Jurassic-Late Jurassic
Vaches Noires Cliffs, Calvados, France
Lectotypes- (MNHN 8605) (subadult) distal pubis
(MNHN 8606) distal fibula
(MNHN 8607) distal tibia (140 mm wide)
(MNHN 8608) astragalus (114 mm wide)
(MNHN 8609) calcaneum
(MNHN 8787) tenth cervical vertebra, first dorsal vertebra (76 mm), second dorsal vertebra (64 mm), proximal dorsal rib
(MNHN 8788) posterior part of fifth sacral vertebra, first caudal vertebra
(MNHN 8789) fifth or sixth dorsal vertebra (74 mm)
(MNHN 8789) posterior dorsal vertebra (97 mm)
(MNHN 8793) fourth or fifth dorsal vertebra (72 mm)
(MNHN 8794) postzygopophysis of twelfth dorsal vertebra, posterior half of thirteenth dorsal vertebra, first sacral vertebra (98 mm), anterior part of second sacral vertebra
(MNHN 8907) three posterior dorsal vertebrae (90, 95 mm)
Referred- (MNHN 9645) distal femur
Diagnosis- (from Allain, 2001) two hypapophyses on anterior dorsal vertebrae; anterior dorsal centra strongly opisthocoelous and strongly flattened; posterior dorsal vertebrae platycoelous; elongate mid and posterior dorsal centra; lateral extension of the medial buttress above the dorsomedial edge of the ascending process of the astragalus doesn’t reach the median part of the distal end of the tibia; large depression at the base of the ascending process of the astragalus; lack of posteromedial process on the astragalus.
Comments- This taxon was recently suggested to be the sister taxon of Eustreptospondylus (Allain, 2001; Smith et al., 2007) based on the presence of carotid processes in their anterior dorsal vertebrae. Yet analysis of a larger dataset including all of Smith et al.'s data suggests it may be a basal tetanurine instead, based on the shallow groove across the astragalar condyles.
References- Meyer, 1830.
Meyer, 1832. Paleologica zur Geschichte der Erde. Frankfurt am Main, 560 p.
Owen, 1842. Report on British fossil reptiles. Report of the British Association for the Advancement of Science 11: 60-204.
Cope., 1867. Account of extinct reptiles which approach birds. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia: 234-235.
Cope, 1869.
Olshevsky, 1991."A Revision of the Parainfraclass Archosauria Cope, 1869, Excluding the Advanced Crocodylia," Mesozoic Meanderings #2 (1st printing): iv + 196 pp.
Allain, 2001. Redescription of Streptospondylus altdorfensis, Cuvier’s theropod dinosaur, from the Jurassic of Normandy, Geodiversitas. 23(3), 349-367.
Allain, 2002a. Les Megalosauridae (Dinosauria, Theropoda). Nouvelle découverte et révision systématique: Implications phylogénétiques et paléobiogéographiques. Unpublished thesis. 329 pp.
Smith, Makovicky, Hammer and Currie, 2007. Osteology of Cryolophosaurus ellioti (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Jurassic of Antarctica and implications for early theropod evolution. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 151, 377-421.

"Szechuanoraptor" Chure, 2000
"S." "yandonensis" (Dong, Chang, Li and Zhou, 1978) new comb.
= Szechuanosaurus "yandonensis" Dong, Chang, Li and Zhou, 1978
= Metriacanthosaurus "carpenteri" Paul, 1988
= “Szechuanoraptor dongi” Chure, 2000
Oxfordian, Late Jurassic
Shangshaximiao Formation, Sichuan, China
Material- (CV 00214; intended holotype of "Szechuanoraptor dongi") (3.8 m, 130 kg) axis (55 mm), third cervical vertebra (60 mm), fourth cervical vertebra (65 mm), fifth cervical vertebra (55 mm), sixth cervical vertebra (65 mm), seventh cervical vertebra (70 mm), eighth cervical vertebra (62 mm), first dorsal vertebra (60 mm), second dorsal vertebra (60 mm), third dorsal vertebra (74 mm), fourth dorsal vertebra (60 mm), seventh dorsal vertebra (65 mm), eighth dorsal vertebra (62 mm), ninth dorsal vertebra (62 mm), tenth dorsal vertebra, dorsal ribs, gastralia, sacral centrum, eighteen caudal vertebrae, scapula (500 mm), coracoid, humeri (270, 265 mm), ulnae, radii, two distal carpals, metacarpal I (50 mm), metacarpal II (90 mm), metacarpal III, manual phalanges, manual ungual I, manual II, manual ungual III, ilium, pubes (~460 mm), ischium (420 mm), femur (585 mm), tibiae (580 mm), fibula (560 mm), astragali, calcanea, metatarsal I (56 mm), pedal ungual I, metatarsal II, metatarsal III (200 mm), metatarsal IV, pedal phalanges, pedal unguals (Dong, Zhou and Zhang, 1983)
Comments- Dong et al. (1978) list Szechuanosaurus "yandonensis" as a new species in a faunal list of taxa from the Wujiaba quarry of the Shangshaximiao Formation. There is no description or illustration, making this a nomen nudum. In 1983, Dong et al. note there was only a single large theropod skeleton in the Wujiaba quarry, described by them as a neotype of Szechuanosaurus campi. It can be implied that Dong et al. originally believed IVPP V237-239 to be a new species of Szechuanosaurus, but later decided to include it in S. campi.
Paul (1988) noted the teeth associated with CV 00214 lack roots, so were shed by a scavenger. He placed the specimen in Metriacanthosaurus (along with Yangchuanosaurus), as Metriacanthosaurus? sp.. He stated "there are so many uncertainties about this beast that I balk at giving it a new name." Yet in the earlier discussion of Metriacanthosaurus, Paul refers to the species as M. carpenteri and states it belongs in a separate subgenus than M. parkeri and M. shangyouensis. One may conclude Paul originally intended to name the taxon, but later changed his mind and didn't catch all the times he had used the name. In any case, "carpenteri" is a nomen nudum since ICZN article 11.5 states "To be available, a name must be used as valid for a taxon when proposed ..."
Chure (2000) used this specimen as the holotype of his new species "Szechuanoraptor dongi" in his unpublished thesis. Names in theses aren't usually listed in this website, and this one is only because it was later published by Glut (2003). Glut's work includes a caveat to the effect that it is not available to establish new taxonomy however, so the name remains unofficial. Chure referred the specimens of Szechuanosaurus? zigongensis to "Szechuanoraptor dongi" as well, but this seems incorrect, since they are from an earlier formation and differ morphologically.
References- Dong, Chang, Li and Zhou, 1978. Note on a new carnosaur Yanchuangosaurus shangyuanensis gen. et sp. nov.) from the Jurassic of Yangchuan District, Szechuan Province. Ke Xue Tong Bao [Science Newsletter]. 23(5), 302-304.
Dong, Zhou and Zhang, 1983. Dinosaurs from the Jurassic of Sichuan Palaeontologica Sinica Whole Number 162 New Series C, Number 23 Edited by Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology and Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology Academia Sinica (pp. 1-136) Science Press Peking, 1983 43 plates.
Paul, 1988. Predatory Dinosaurs of the World. Simon & Schuster, New York.
Chure, 2000. A new species of Allosaurus from the Morrison Formation of Dinosaur National Monument (UT-CO) and a revision of the theropod family Allosauridae. PhD dissertation. Columbia University. 964 pp.
Rauhut, 2000. The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropods (Dinosauria, Saurischia). Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. Bristol [U.K.], 1-440.
Glut, 2003. Dinosaurs: The Encyclopedia. Supplement 3.McFarland Press. 726 pp.

Szechuanosaurus? zigongensis Gao, 1993
Bathonian-Callovian, Middle Jurassic
Xiashaximiao Formation, Sichuan, China
Holotype- (ZDM 9011) ten cervical vertebrae, cervical ribs, thirteen dorsal vertebrae (series 1.17 m), dorsal ribs, five sacral vertebrae, twenty-five caudal vertebrae, scapula, humerus (360 mm), radius (200 mm), ulna (240 mm), distal carpal (46 mm), metacarpal I (62 mm), phalanx I-1 (92 mm), metacarpal II (118 mm), phalanx II-1 (75 mm), metacarpal III (107 mm), metacarpal IV (52 mm), ilia (550 mm), pubes (580 mm), ischia (510 mm)
Paratypes- ?(ZDM 9012) maxilla, teeth
?(ZDM 9013) ten teeth
?(ZDM 9014) femur, tibia, fibula
Diagnosis- (after Rauhut, 2000) differs from Gasosaurus and Xuanhanosaurus in the more rectangular deltopectoral crest and the proximal part of the humerus being less expanded transversely; from Monolophosaurus and Eustreptospondylus in the gradually sloping anterior rim of the maxilla and the lack of opisthocoelous cervical vertebrae; from Piatnitzkysaurus in the gradually sloping anterior rim of the maxilla and the less expanded proximal humerus; from Poekilopleuron in the more strongly pronounced olecranon process of the ulna and the lack of a medial process on the radius; from Metriacanthosaurus in the less steeply sloping posterodorsal rim of the ilium; from Proceratosaurus in the more massive and relatively shorter posterior part of the maxilla.
Comments- ZDM 9011 was discovered in 1984 and initially referred to Gasosaurus, but described by Gao (1993) as a new species of Szechuanosaurus - S. zigongensis. This was based on a number of characters, largely symplesiomorphies. Chure (2000) referred these specimens to his new taxon "Szechuanoraptor dongi" (based on CV 00214), needlessly creating a new species name, but there appears to be little reason for such a referral. The specimens derive from different formations and differ morphologically.
References- Gao, 1993. A new species of Szechuanosaurus from the Middle Jurassic of Dashanpu, Zigong, Sichuan. Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 31(4): 308-314.
Chure, 2000. A new species of Allosaurus from the Morrison Formation of Dinosaur National Monument (UT-CO) and a revision of the theropod family Allosauridae. PhD dissertation. Columbia University. 964 pp.
Rauhut, 2000. The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropods (Dinosauria, Saurischia). Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. Bristol [U.K.], 1-440.

Xuanhanosaurus Dong, 1984
X. qilixiaensis Dong, 1984
Bathonian-Callovian, Middle Jurassic
Xiashaximiao Formation, Sichuan, China
Holotype- (IVPP V6729) four anterior dorsal vertebrae, posterior dorsal vertebra, dorsal neural arch, partial scapula, coracoid, humerus (265 mm), radius (202 mm; proximal end lost), ulna (240 mm; lost), distal carpal I, distal carpal II, distal carpal III, metacarpal I (52 mm), phalanx I-1 (84 mm), manual ungual I (64 mm), metacarpal II (109 mm), phalanx II-1 (64 mm), metacarpal III (94 mm), phalanx III-1 (32 mm), phalanx III-2 (28 mm), metacarpal IV (50 mm)
Diagnosis- (from Rauhut, 2000) glenoid articular facet of humerus forms a raised horizontal ridge that overhangs the humeral shaft posteriorly.
Comments- The supposed sternum is part of the coracoid (Rauhut, 2000). The phylogenetic position is based on Holtz et al., (2004), though Rauhut (2000) also found it to be a non-coelurosaur tetanurine.
References- Dong, 1984. A new theropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic of Sichuan Basin. Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 22(3), 213-218.
Rauhut, 2000. The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropods (Dinosauria, Saurischia). Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. Bristol [U.K.], 1-440.
Holtz, Molnar and Currie, 2004. Basal Tetanurae. In Weishampel, Dodson and Osmolska. The Dinosauria Second Edition. University of California Press. 861 pp.

unnamed probable tetanurine (Russell, 1996)
Albian, Early Cretaceous
Gres Rouges Infracenomaniens, Morocco
Material- (CMN 41865) distal humerus (~385 mm, 156 mm wide)
Comments- Very similar to Xuanhanosaurus.
Reference- Russell, D.A. 1996. Isolated dinosaur bones from the Middle Cretaceous of the Tafilalt, Morocco. Bulletin du Muse'um national d'Histoire naturelle (4e se'r.) 18:349-402.