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Class 4: Relationships (Chap 8) |
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 | Reading: Chapter 8 |
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;){kind=small} | Review of Solo Test |
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;){kind=small} | Check! |
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| Count number wrong |
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| Multiple by 2 |
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| Subtract from 60 |
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;){kind=small} | Multiple answers allowed for Questions |
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| D4 allowed for b, c |
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| F2 allowed for a, c, d |
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;){kind=small} | Distribution |
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| 55-60 X |
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| 50-54 XXXX |
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| 45-49 XXX |
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| 40-44 XX |
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| 35-39 X |
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| 30-34 X |
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| Mean: 47, hi 56, low 34 |
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| Appeals allowed but MUST be in WRITING and refer to textbook or class notes; due this Wednesday 5:30 pm. |
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;){kind=small} | Review Questions Chapter 7 and lecture |
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;){kind=small} | 1 Which of the follow is NOT a trait of the NEO personality inventory |
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| a. extroversion |
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| b. neuroticism |
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| c. psychoticism |
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| d. openness to experience |
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| e. aggreableness |
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;){kind=small} | 2 Which of the following is NOT a principle of many models of optimal aging |
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| a. compensation |
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| b. selectivity |
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| c. diversity |
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| d. biosocial regulation |
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;){kind=small} | 3 In discussing chapter 7 I extended the principles of optimal aging by talking about |
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| a. flow - a state of absorption when the demands of a task are met by ones’ interest and abilities |
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| b. the environment of evolutionary adaptedness - the ancestral environment of humans |
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| c. neural plasticity - the ability of the brain to be flexible in response to new learning |
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| d. biosocial context |
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;){kind=small} | 4 In last week’s presentation on evaluating websites which of the following was discussed as major criteria [You can circle more than one] |
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| a. Authority |
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| b. Ease of use |
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| c. Speed of response |
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| d. Use of video |
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;){kind=small} | 5 Studies on midlife crisis can best be summarized as |
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| a. Finding consistent evidence of midlife crisis in women |
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| b. Finding consistent evidence of midlife crisis in men |
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| c. Finding consistent evidence of midlife crisis in men and women |
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| d. Finding no consistent evidence of midlife crisis in men and women |
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| Dinner (30 minutes) |
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;){kind=small} | Transitions |
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;){kind=small} | Which are more stressful and why? |
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| Transitions that occur earlier or later than usual (Temporally non-normative) |
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| Transitions that occur but are statistically rare events at any age (Statistically non-normative) |
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;){kind=small} | Have you experienced any temporally non-normative or statistically non-normative transitions? |
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| Male dating older female |
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| Started college “late” |
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| winning $490 from lottery |
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;){kind=small} | Friendships |
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;){kind=small} | Why have friends? |
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| Interpersonal similarity (shared interests and background) |
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| Social support and self-disclosure |
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| Physical attractiveness (or cool toys?) |
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| Intelligence and competence |
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;){kind=small} | Gender differences |
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| Females tend to have more friends, closer friends, and long-term friends than males |
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| Males: wives tend to be closest friends |
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| Why is this problematic? |
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;){kind=small} | Three kinds of interpersonal styles |
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| 1 Independent |
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| 2 Discerning |
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| 3 Gregarious |
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| Provide examples of what your client may say |
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| Note: Elderly often complain that their friends are dying. Is it harder for them to make new friends while grieving? |
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;){kind=small} | Love |
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| Passionate love v. companionate love |
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| Maslow: deficiency love v Being-love (nonposessive, richer) |
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| Fromm: caring for, accurate “reading”, respect for right to develop, sense responsibility to all (Is this culturally-restrictive?) |
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;){kind=small} | Gender differences |
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| More than men, women liked their love partners more and love their same-sex friends more |
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;){kind=small} | Marriage |
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;){kind=small} | Cultural context of marriage |
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| Despite larger national changes, domestic work remains traditionally divided |
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| What works in one marriage may not work in another. Example: traditional v. non-traditional |
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;){kind=small} | What makes a marriage work? |
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| “My wife is my best friend” |
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| Less than 10% CLAIM sex important |
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| Communication (not discussed in textbook) |
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| Problem: Cohort effects! |
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;){kind=small} | Divorce |
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| Statistically normative especially in 30s and 45s and for black females: why? |
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;){kind=small} | Risks: Addiction, Adultery, Money, Moodiness |
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| But what about physical appearance |
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| What about children? |
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| What about communication style? |
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| Protective Factors: Strong religious commitment, parents not divorced |
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;){kind=small} | How divorce hurts (and sometimes “helps”) |
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| Women tend to be more economically hurt |
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| Women: harder to establish sexual relations |
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| Men: Often have to take on new domestic duties |
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| May hurt chances of remarriage but this may be because of age |
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;){kind=small} | Children can be hurt but depends on |
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| Nature of pre-divorce and post-divorce situation |
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| Age and gender of child |
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;){kind=small} | ACTIVITY: Mandatory divorce counseling |
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| Minnesota during the 1990s considered making it mandatory for couples to seek divorce counseling before going to court. Should mandatory divorce counseling be required? Analyze a pro and a con. |
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;){kind=small} | Intergenerational relations |
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;){kind=small} | Do children “hurt” marriage? |
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| Decreased satisfaction in marriage in about 50% of families according to longitudinal study |
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| Increased workload, less time for couples, sex, etc |
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;){kind=small} | Why grandparents matter |
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| Return to the evolutionary hypothesis |
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;){kind=small} | No agreed upon grandparental styles |
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| Great variation in age of grandparents |
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| Great variation in age and gender and location of grandchildren |
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;){kind=small} | Do American adult children neglect their aging parents now rather than a century ago? |
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| Elderly may WANT to live independently |
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| More disposable income |
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| Frequent contact still maintain |
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| No evidence of decrease in quality of contact |
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| When was the last time you contacted your parent? |
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| New problems for grandparents |
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;){kind=small} | How well do adult children help parents cope with health problems? |
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| Can be problematic: Caregivers 3-4x more likely to report depression/guilt than the cared |
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| Elderly reluctant to be helped |
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| As our population gets older this will be a big problem |
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| Note: Would universal health care help? What would? |
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;){kind=small} | Theories of Interpersonal Behavior |
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| Role Theory: elderly follow roles of society |
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| Exchange Theory: elderly withdraw from interactions that are no longer equally beneficial |
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| Disengagement: elderly withdraw from society to protect themselves because of diminished functioning |
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| Activity: elderly may withdraw but those that remain active report more happiness |
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;){kind=small} | Continuity: elderly seek situations to maintain strong sense of self and identity |
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| VFW |
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| Hard to make testable predictions |
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| Rewards may be intrinsic rather than extrinsic: is this really a problem for exchange theory? |
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;){kind=small} | Sex in the elder years |
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;){kind=small} | What is “sex”? |
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| coitus, orgasm, masturbation, simulated sex over the phone or internet? |
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;){kind=small} | What is meant by “sexual peak” |
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| Refractory time |
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;){kind=small} | Heterosexuality |
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;){kind=small} | Male aging |
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| Increasing chance of erection problems, decreasing sexual interest after age 50 |
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| UPDATE: What about viagra |
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;){kind=small} | Female aging |
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| Much LESS of an aging decline than in males yet less sexual activity; why? |
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;){kind=small} | Homosexuality |
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| The myth: Older gay men strongly prefer younger gay men but have trouble remaining in stable relationships with them. |
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| Older gay men tend to be in relationships with similar-age men and these relationships tend to be stable. |
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| Tend to be as satisfied with sex lives as younger men |
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| Note: When one partner is dying in the hospital, can the other partner visit him? |
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| Lesbians: Far less information. (Note: I don’t find the evidence of decreased sexuality convincing) |
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;){kind=small} | Implications |
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| A memo for a Retirement Center: A company called Intimate Elders has proposed to do a series of workshops for our residents on late adult sexuality. We should decline their proposal because elders are not interested in sexuality, there are more females than males in our center, and increasing sexuality activity in our residents will lead to medical problems. |
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| Reasons Against |
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;){kind=small} | Reasons For |
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| Enhance life |
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| Eliminate stereotype |
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| Health reasons lame |
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;){kind=small} | Further info |
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| No way to know. Inhibited. Poll? Survey? |
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| Authority? Are they selling something? |
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| Length of workshop |
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| Material covered |
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