HISTORY OF MILITARY OPERATIONAL PARACHUTE JUMPS
It is necessary to clarify the inclusions and omissions of this history. The listed parachute drops include all that were made by uniformed and organized bodies of troops. The title of "Operational Jumps" is deliberate. These are not training or exercise jumps but they do include rescue parachute jumps and reinforcement jumps into what was enemy territory. The term "combat jump" has been purposely avoided, as it seems impossible to define a 'combat' jump from a 'reinforcement' jump. Not included are all landings by glider forces, although these were an integral part of the major airborne operations during WW-II. Also omitted from the Operational Parachute Jump section are the numerous jumps made in civilian dress by personnel of the various intelligence agencies, such as the British SOE, USA OSS and French BCRA.
Where available, the insertion by parachute of missions to support the Resistance and Parisians are included, but some information may still not be available. The dates and locations of the drop zones are the best that can be found in the multitude of records, and in several operations there is a variance in the records from different sources to include the actual number of jump participants. Many of the operational jumps that involved personnel from different nations sometimes had different Operation/Mission names which may have resulted in some duplication in this records. In the case of many of the agent type drops, additional details, name, etc., are available in records but there is insufficient space here to present the full, fascinating story of each operation. If anyone has more definitive details, please advise so this record can be amended.
While this is an exhaustive record of Military Operational Parachute Jumps, it is felt there are no doubt others which are not recorded here, such as have been recently conducted in Afghanistan . If any reader has information on additional operational jumps, please contact us so the information can be added to this History.
DATE |
DROP ZONE |
NATION |
UNIT |
OPERATION |
TYPE OF OPERATION |
1939 |
|
|
|
|
|
February |
Nr Summa , Finland |
Russia |
Small Groups |
|
Cut Lines of Communications |
29 November |
Nr. Petsamo , Finland |
Russia |
Small Groups |
|
Cut Lines of Communications |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1940 |
|
|
|
|
|
14 April |
Dombas , Norway |
Germany |
1/FJR 1 |
|
Cut Road |
19 April |
Masnedo , Denmark |
Germany |
4/FJR 1 |
|
Capture Bridge |
19 April |
Aaborg , Denmark |
Germany |
4/FJR 1 |
|
Seize Airfield |
19 April |
Stavanger , Norway |
Germany |
3/FJR 1 |
|
Seize Airfield |
10 May |
Dordrech, Holland |
Germany |
FJR 1 & FJR 2 |
|
Invasion Holland |
10 May |
Waalhaven, Holland |
Germany |
FJR 1 & FJR 2 |
|
Invasion Holland |
10 May |
Rotterdam , Holland |
Germany |
FJR 1 & FJR 2 |
|
Invasion Holland |
10 May |
Hague, Holland |
Germany |
FJR 1 & FJR 2 |
|
Invasion Holland |
18-29 May |
Narvik , Norway |
Germany |
1/FJR 1 |
|
Reinforcement |
29 June |
Bolgrad , Romania |
Russia |
204 th Abn Bde |
|
Capture Bolgrad City |
30 June |
Izmail, Bessarabia |
Russia |
201 st Abn Bde |
|
Occupy Town |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1941 |
|
|
|
|
|
10 February |
Tragino , Italy |
U.K. |
38 men, 11 SAS Bn |
Colossus |
Destroy Aqueduct |
15 March |
Vannes , France |
France |
1 CCP (5 men) |
|
Ambush Pilots |
26 April |
Corinth , Greece |
Germany |
FJR 2 |
|
Capture Bridge |
30 April |
Cephalonia , Greece |
Italy |
5 Co, 2 Para Bn |
|
Occupation |
14 May |
Bordeaux , France |
France |
1 CCP |
|
Destroy Power Station |
20 May |
Crete |
Germany |
1 Sturm Regt, FJR 2, FJR 3 |
|
Capture Island of Crete |
21 May |
Maleme Crete |
Germany |
4 Para Co, 7 Anti-Tank Co. |
|
Reinforcement |
21 June |
Parnu , Estonia |
Germany |
Brandenburg |
|
Raid |
25 June |
Bogdanon , USSR |
Germany |
30 men, Brandenburg |
|
Capture Bridge |
5 July |
Caen , France |
France |
2 men, Free French Para Co. |
|
Airfield Sabotage |
9 July |
Estonia |
Germany |
Brandenburg |
Erna |
Raid |
14 July |
Gorki , Russia |
Russia |
64 men, 10 Co, 4 Bn, 214 Abn Bde |
|
|
19 July |
Nr. Tehran , Iran |
Germany |
Brandenburg |
Amina |
Sabotage Oil Fields |
21 July |
Taurogen , Lithuania |
Germany |
3 Plt, Branden. |
|
Cut Lines of Communications |
28 July |
Estonia |
Estonia (G) |
|
Erna 1, Erna II |
Assist Resistence |
31 July |
Puerto Bolivar , Ecuador |
Peru |
20 men |
|
Cut Supply Line , Peru - Ecuador War |
22 August |
Demidov , Russia |
Russia |
12 Co, 4 Para Bn, 214 Abn Bde |
|
|
22 August |
Dukhoushhina , Russia |
Russia |
11 Co, 4 Para Bn, 214 Abn Bde |
|
|
25 August |
Torop , Russia |
Russia |
10 Co, 4 Para Bn, 214 Abn Bde |
|
|
End of Aug |
Odessa , Russia |
Russia |
Small Group, 3 Abn Corps |
|
Reinforcement |
4 October |
Caslav, Czech |
Czech (W) |
1 man |
Percentage |
|
20 September |
Yugoslavia |
U.K., Yugo |
SOE Team |
Bullseye |
|
21 September |
Shitsli , Russia |
Russia |
23 men, Navy paras |
|
Diversion |
7 November |
Near Warsaw , Poland |
Poland |
3 men |
Ruction |
Cadre Resistance |
17 November |
Timini area, Libya |
U.K. |
SAS |
|
Raid Airfields |
14 December |
Klin area, Russia |
Russia |
43men, Starchak Det, AF paras. |
|
Block retreat |
23 December |
Kerch , Russia |
Russia |
Small Groups, Navy paras |
|
Reconnaissance scouts |
28 December |
Prague , Poland |
Czech (W) |
2 men |
Anthropoid |
Heydrich Assassination |
28 December |
Kolin, Czech |
Czech (W) |
3 men |
Silver A |
Intelligence Collection |
28 December |
Plzen , Czech |
Czech (W) |
2 men |
Silver B |
Intelligence Collection |
31 December |
Ak-Monay, Kerch , Rus. |
Russia |
Bn, 2 Abn Corps |
|
Cordon |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1942 |
|
|
|
|
|
January |
Iran |
Germany, India |
100 men, Branden. Indian Legion |
|
To India for Sabotage |
2 January |
Medyn area, Russia |
Russia |
348 men, 1 Bn, 201 Abn Bde |
|
Capture Bridge |
3 January |
Medyn area, Russia |
Russia |
202 men, Starchak Det, AF paras. |
|
Capture Airfield |
11 January |
Menado, Celebes |
Japan |
3 Co, 1 Spec Naval Land Unit |
|
Capture Airfield |
18/19 January |
Vyazma , Russia |
Russia |
642 men, 1&2 Bn, 201 Abn Bde |
|
Establish Base |
27/29 January |
Vyazma , Russia |
Russia |
2 & 3 Bn., 8 Abn Bde |
|
Reinforcement |
29 January |
Ozerechnia , Russia |
Russia |
540 men, 8 th Abn Bde |
|
|
30 January |
Ozerechnia , Russia |
Russia |
120 men, 8 th Abn Bde |
|
|
31 January |
Ozerechnia , Russia |
Russia |
640 men, 8 th Abn Bde |
|
|
4 February |
Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
2 men, SOE |
Hydra |
|
5 February |
Sarajevo , Yugoslavia |
U.K., Royal Yugo |
Force 133 Mission |
Disclaim |
Liaison |
14/15 Feb. |
Palemban, Sumarta |
Japan |
460 men, Army Para Bn |
|
Seize Refineries |
16 February |
Rzhev , Russia |
Russia |
4 Bn, 204 Abn Bde |
|
Reinforcement |
17-23 Feb. |
Vyazma , Russia |
Russia |
4 Bn, 8 Abn Bde; 9 & 214 Abn Bde |
|
Making up 4 th Abn Corps |
21-23 Feb. |
Koepang, Timor |
Japan |
700 men, Army Paras |
|
Cut Lines of Communication |
27 February |
Bruneval , France |
U.K. |
C Co, 2 Para Bn. |
|
Capture Radar equipment |
27 March |
Gbely, Czech |
Czech (W) |
2 men |
Zinc |
|
27 March |
Telc, Czech |
Czech (W) |
3 men |
Outdistance |
Plant Rebecca Beacon |
15 April |
Vyazma , Russia |
Russia |
23 and 211 Abn Bde |
|
Reinforcement |
27 April |
Krivoklat, Czech |
Czech (W) |
3 men |
Bivouac |
Sabotage |
27 April |
Krivoklat, Czech |
Czech (W) |
2 men |
Bioscope |
Sabotage |
27 April |
Krivoklat, Czech |
Czech (W) |
1 man |
Steel A |
|
29 April |
Trebon, Czech |
Czech (W) |
3 men |
Intransitive |
Sabotage |
29 April |
Trebon, Czech |
Czech (W) |
2 men |
Tin |
Assassinate Propaganda Minister |
5 May |
Bourges , France |
France |
3 men, Free French Para Co. |
|
Destroy Radio Station |
29 May |
Vyazma , Russia |
Russia |
23 and 211 Abn Bde |
|
Reinforcement |
1 July |
Sind , India |
India |
One Co, 152 Indian Para Bn |
|
Assault Rebels |
3 July |
Myitkina area, Burma |
India |
11 men, 153 Gurka Para Bn |
Puddle |
Intelligence |
August |
Grozny , Cau. , Russia |
German |
25 men, Brandenburg |
Schamil |
Occupy Refinery |
August |
Hukawng , Burma |
India |
1 man, Doctor |
|
Assist Refugees |
13 August |
Fort Hertz , Burma |
India |
11 men, 153 Gurka Para Bn |
Firepump |
Prepare Airstrip |
29 August |
Bosnia Border, Yugo |
U.K. |
3 men, Force 133 |
|
Join Team with Mihailovic |
31 August |
Konosa, Belarussia |
Estonia |
7 men |
Vehnianen |
Recon. (Gp from Finnish Army) |
1 September |
Konosa, Belarussia |
Estonia |
6 men |
Vehnianen |
Reconnaissance Reinforcement |
12 September |
Sardinia |
USA , U.K. |
OSS Team |
|
Negotiations |
26 September |
Montenegro , Yugo. |
U.K. , Yugo. |
4 men, Force 133 |
|
Provide Commo to Partisans |
30 September |
Nr. Roumeli , Greece |
U.K. |
Force 133 |
|
Reinforce Partisans |
October |
Nazira , Burma |
Japan |
18 men |
|
Cut lines of communication |
10 October |
Delphi , Greece |
U.K. |
8 men, Force 133 |
|
Destroy Viaduct |
11 October |
Norway |
U.K. |
4 men, SOE (Norwegian Section) |
Bittern |
Assassination team |
18 October |
Nr. Vemork , Norway |
Norway |
4 men, Company Linge |
Swallow |
Prepare for Glider Raid |
19 October |
Bear Island , Arctic |
Germany |
4 men |
Wetterstaffel 5 |
Establish Weather Station |
23 October |
|
Czech (W) |
3 men |
Antimony |
|
24 October |
Maikop, Cau. , Russia |
Russia |
40 men, Navy paras |
|
Raid Airfield |
8 November |
Tafaraoui , Morocco |
USA |
556 men, 509 PIB |
Torch |
Seize Airfield |
12 November |
Bone, Alogeria |
U.K. |
3 Para Bn |
|
Seize Airfield |
15 November |
Youks les Bains , Algeria |
USA |
350 men, 509 PIB |
Torch |
Seize Airfield |
16 November |
Souk el Arba , Algeria |
U.K. |
1 Para Bn |
|
Seize Crossroads |
21 November |
Gafsa , Tunisia |
Germany |
Engineer Plt, Para Bn |
|
Capture Airfield and Petrol Dump |
29 November |
Deplenne , Tunisia |
U.K. |
2 Para Bn |
|
Seize Airfield |
December |
Tunisia |
German |
3d Co, Brandenberg |
|
Attack Bridges and Airfields |
17 December |
Epi Rus , Greece |
U.K. |
1 man, Force 133 |
|
Contact Resistance |
24 December. |
El Djem , Tunisia |
USA , France |
30 men, Hqs Co, 509 PIB; 2 French |
|
Destroy Bridge |
25 December |
Kolasin , Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
2 men, Force 133 |
|
Liasion |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1943 |
|
|
|
|
|
14 January |
Bonira , Algeria |
Italy |
10 Regt Arditi |
|
Sabotage |
24 January |
Dramen , Norway |
Norway |
SOE |
Chaffinch |
|
26/27 January |
Myitkyina , Burma |
USA , Burma |
30 men, OSS Det 101 |
|
Establish Base |
4 February |
Novorossiysk , Russia |
Russia |
80 men |
|
Raid Headquarters |
7/8 February |
North Burma |
USA , Burma |
12 men, OSS Det 101 |
|
Establish Base |
8 February |
Kaukwe , Burma |
U.K. , Burma |
10 men, Force 136 |
|
Establish Resistance |
11 February |
Beni-Mansoor , Algeria |
Italy |
10 Regt Arditi |
|
Cut Lines of Commnication |
16 February |
Lake Skryken , Norway |
Norway |
6 men, Co. Linge |
Gunnerside |
Reinforce Swallow |
18 February |
U.K. |
U.K. |
4 men, Force 136 |
Harlington |
Liaison with Karen Resistance |
Late February |
Dabya-je-Namak , Iran |
Germany |
6 men, Brandenburg |
|
Provide Commo support |
March |
Lawsawk , Burma |
USA , Burma |
OSS Det 101 |
|
Establish Base |
11 March |
Novorznev , Russia |
Russia |
23 men, 9 th OGBM |
|
Destroy Railway |
23 March |
Burma |
U.K. |
2 men, Signals, 50 India Para Bde |
|
Assist 1 st Chindit Expedition |
25 March |
Tunis , Tunisia |
U.K. |
8 men, SOE |
Brandon |
Cut Railway Line |
10 April |
Bilda , Algeria |
Italy |
10 Regt Arditi |
|
Assault Airfield |
11 April |
Ain Balda , Algeria |
Italy |
10 Regt Arditi |
|
Attack camp |
13 April |
Duvivier , Tunisia |
Italy |
10 Regt Arditi |
|
Destroy Railway |
15 April |
Porec , Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
Force 133 |
|
Aid Partisans |
16 April |
North Epirus, Greece |
U.K. |
4 men, Force 133 |
|
Reinforce Balkan Mission |
18 April |
Homolje , Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
Force 133 |
|
Aid Partisans |
19 April |
Pristina , Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
Force 133 |
|
Aid Partisans |
19 April |
Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
Force 133 |
|
Attack Allatini chrome mines |
19 April |
Pristina, Yugoslovia |
U.K. |
2 men, SOE |
Neroian |
|
20 April |
Kopaonik , Yugoslavia |
U.K. , Canada |
Force 133 |
|
Aid Partisans |
20 April |
Dreznica , Yugoslavia |
U.K. , Canada |
Force 133 |
|
Aid Partisans |
20 April |
Yugoslavia |
Yugo |
3 men, SOE |
Horthley I |
|
21 April |
Droznica , Yugoslavia |
Canada , Yugo |
3 men, SOE |
Fungus |
Assist Croat Partisans |
18 & 20 May |
Croatia , Yugoslavia |
U.K. , Canada |
Force 133 |
|
Aid Partisans |
18 & 20 May |
Pristine, Yugoslavia |
U.K. , Canada |
Force 133 |
|
Aid Partisans |
18 & 20 May |
Sekoulli , Yugoslavia |
U.K. , Canada |
Force 133 |
|
Aid Partisans |
19 May |
Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
SOE |
Excerpt |
|
19 May |
Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
SOE |
Rupees |
|
20 May |
Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
Force 133 |
|
Reinforce Allatini chrome mine raid |
20 May |
Pristina , Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
2 men, SOE |
Neroian |
Reinforce Mission |
21 May |
Momolte , Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
Force 133 |
|
Aid Partisans |
23 May |
Kopaonik Area, Yugo. |
U.K. |
1 man, Force 133 |
|
Assist Partisans |
27 May |
Montenegro , Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
Force 133 |
|
Aid Partisans |
10 June |
Azizia, Tripoli , Libya |
U.K. |
5 men, MO-4 Unit |
Halbreath |
Sabotage mission |
11 June |
Yalta , Russia |
Russia |
4 men, Black Sea Recon Cmdo |
|
Assist Partisans |
13 June |
Algeria |
Italy |
14 Gp, 10 Ard. Regt, ADRA Bn |
|
Raid Airfields |
13 June |
Libya |
Italy |
14 Gp, 10 Ard. Regt, ADRA Bn |
|
Raid Airfields |
13 June |
Cyprus |
Italy |
14 Gp, 10 Ard. Regt, ADRA Bn |
|
Raid Airfields |
15 June |
Yalta , Russia |
Russia |
12 men, Black Sea Recon Cmdo |
|
Assist Partisans |
15 June |
Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
6 men, SOE |
Ramsi |
|
25 July |
Catania , Sicily |
Italy |
Patrol, 10 Arditi Regt |
|
Raid Munitions Depot |
29 June |
Laieia River , Timor |
Australia |
3 men, Z Force |
|
Reconnaissance |
End July |
Smolensk , Russia |
Russia |
316 men, 5 Abn Bde & OGBM |
|
Destroy Railway |
June/Early July |
Shtville , Albania |
U.K. |
Force 133 |
|
Assist Resistance |
7 July |
Lake Omodeo , Sardinia |
U.K. |
6 men, 2d SAS |
|
Raid Airfield |
9 July |
Gela , Sicily |
USA |
3,406 men, 3 Bn, 504 PIR; 505 PIR; 456 PFA; 307 th Para Eng. |
Husky I |
Invasion Sicily |
10 July |
Gela , Sicily |
USA |
2,304 men, 1 & 2 Bn, 504 PIR; 376 PFA |
Husky II |
Invasion Sicily |
10 July |
Brenner Pass , Italy |
U.K. |
1 man, 2d SAS |
|
Sabotage |
11,13,14 July |
Catania , Sicily |
Germany |
FJR 3 and FJR 4 |
|
Reinforcement |
13/14 July |
Randasso , Sicily |
U.K. |
2 Gps, 2 nd SAS |
|
Diversion |
13 July |
Pte de Primosole , Sicily |
U.K. |
1 Para Bn |
|
Capture Bridge |
17 July |
Shtville , Albania |
U.K. |
1 man, Force 133 |
|
Assist Resistance |
19 July |
Viasenica, Yugoslovia |
U.K. |
Force 133 |
|
Aid Partisans |
20 July |
Agusta area, Sicily |
Italy |
4 patrols, 10 Arditi Regt |
|
Sabotage |
August |
Naga Hills , Burma |
USA |
Air Medic Evac, USAAF |
|
Aid Aircraft |
12-14 August |
Shtville , Albania |
U.K. |
4 men, Force 133 |
|
Assist Resistance |
15 August |
Volvodina , Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
Force 133 |
|
Aid Partisans |
16 August |
Le Crevsot , France |
U.K. , USA |
SOE-OSS Team |
Scullion II |
Destroy Oil Refinery |
17 August |
Clearmont-Ferraud, Fr. |
USA |
2 men, OSS |
Penny Farthing |
|
2 September |
St Valery en Caux , France |
U.K. |
8 men, Cmdo "Fortaforce" |
|
Reconnaissance |
5 September |
Nadzab, Markham Valley , New Guinea |
USA , Australia |
1,700 men, 503 PIR; 1 Trp, 2/4 Field Arty Regt |
|
Seize Valley |
7 September |
Boro Val di Taro, Italy |
U.K. |
6 men, 2 nd SAS |
Speedwell |
Destroy Tunnel |
9 September |
Monte Rotondo , Italy |
Germany |
800 men, 2 Bn, FJR 6 |
|
Attack Headquarters |
9 September |
Maritza, Rhodes |
U.K. |
4 men, SBS |
|
Negotiation |
12 September |
Cagliari , Sardinia |
USA |
4 men, OSS |
|
Arrange Surrender |
13 September |
Salerno , Italy |
USA |
1,300 men, 504 RCT; 376 PFA, A/307 Eng |
Avalanche |
Reinforcement |
13 September |
Decimomannu, Sardinia |
USA |
OSS Group |
|
Negotiation |
14 September |
Salerno , Italy |
USA |
2,105 men, 505 RCT; 456 PFA; B/307 Eng |
Avalanche |
Reinforcement |
14 September |
Avellino , Italy |
USA |
640 men, 509 PIB |
Avalanche |
Raid |
14 September |
Cos , Italy |
U.K. |
120 men, A Co, 11 Para Bn |
|
Occupation |
14 September |
Pindus Mtns , Greece |
U.K. |
1 man, Force 133 |
|
Contact 2 Surrendering Ital. Divs. |
17 September |
Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
Force 133, Maclean Mission |
|
Aid Partisans |
17 September |
Ekba |
Germany |
3 Bn, FJR 7 |
|
Occupation |
17 September |
Yugoslavia |
U.K. , USA |
6 men, SOE, 1 man, OSS |
|
Join Fitzroy-Mclean Mission |
21 September |
South-West France |
|
2 men, OSS |
Mutton |
|
24 September |
North of Kanev , Russia |
Russia |
4575 men, 3 rd , 5 th Guards Abn Bdes |
|
Aid Assault |
25 September |
Serbia , Yugoslavia |
U.K. |
1 man, Brig. C.D. Armstrong |
|
Join Mihailovic Headquarters |
October |
Nr. Ravenna , Italy |
U.K. |
1 man |
|
Assist POWs |
2 October |
Pescara , Italy |
U.K. |
8 men, 2 Para Bn |
|
POW Rescue |
2 October |
Ascoli , Italy |
U.K. |
11 men, 3 Para Bn |
|
POW Rescue |
2 October |
Ancona , Italy |
U.K. , USA |
61 men, 2 nd SAS, 8 th Army |
Begonia |
Conduct Raid |
2 October |
Gransasso , Italy |
USA |
6 men, OSS |
Begonia |
POW Rescue |
3 October |
Antimachia Airfield, Cos |
Germany |
Bn Brandenburg |
Polar Bear |
Occupation |
10 October |
West Oakalen , Norway |
U.K. |
7 men, SOE |
Feather 1 |
Raid Lokken-Thamshavn railways |
12 October |
Shwegyin , Burma |
U.K. , Burma |
5 men, Force 136 |
|
Assist Karen Resistance |
15 October |
Biza , Albania |
U.K. |
7 men, Force 133 |
|
Join McLean-Smiley Mission |
17 October |
Levita Island , Aegean |
Germany |
39950 Co, Brandenburg |
|
Occupation |
22 October |
Stampagia, Aegean |
Germany |
One Co, Brandenburg |
|
Occupation |
31 Oct - 1 Nov. |
Samos, Aegean |
Greece |
200 men, Sacred Sqdr (SAS) |
|
Occupation |
November |
Crimea |
Russia |
4 men, Black Sea Recon Cmdo |
|
|
November |
Tcheakassy , Russia |
Russia |
101 st and 100 th Para Regts. |
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Reinforce Partisans |
12-13 Nov. |
Leros, Aegean |
Germany |
700 men, 1/FJR 2; 1 Co, Brandenburg |
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Occupation |
21 November |
Taoyuan , China |
Japan |
60 men |
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Support Assault |
9 December |
Shweoyin area, Burma |
U.K. |
1 man, Force 136 |
Harlington |
Join Operation |
19 December |
Nr. Epirus , Greece |
U.K. , Greece |
Force 133 |
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