Ingalls Family Tree DNA Project

The I ngalls Family Tree DNA project is attempting to link all Ingalls surnames and variations with the earliest known ancestor of each line tested.

With this exciting tool, we hope to determine points of commonality and departure that may exist in Dr. Charles Burleigh's remarkable compilation of the Genealogy and History of the Ingalls in America (1903). Was his assumption that all Ingalls descended from Edmund Ingalls correct? It was the contention of W. R. Ingalls in his 1930 Commemoration of the 300th anniversary of the settlement of Lynn, Mass., by Edmund and Francis Ingalls that contemporaneous with Edmund and Francis Ingalls there were other male adults of the name residing in Boston, from whom there were present descendants.

Joining the Ingalls Surname Project could be very helpful in verifying relationships with individuals that share the Ingalls surname as well as the many surname variations. You may be able to extend your family tree by confirming a link where no conventional source records exist. Imagine the possibilities this can create!

Y-DNA is especially useful for same surname studies as it is passed from father to son for hundreds of years. As mutations occur and are passed along, these markers allow for families to prove or disprove their family lines. Haplogroups give us a general idea of how peoples settled throughout the world. For more information on this exciting and now very affordable technology, see Cyndi's List of Genetics, DNA & Family Health.

Variations of the Ingalls Surname
In English records the following forms appear:

Ingold	Ingalds	Ingolls	Ingals	Ingles
Ingald	Ingoll	Ingols	Ingyll	Ingholls
Ingholde	Ingol	Ingole	Ingle	Ingal

In American records we get nearly all of the above, and also

Ingollds	Ingels	Ingills	Engols
Ingulls	Ingells	Engal	Engolls	Ingoles
Inguls	Ingill	Engalls	Ingell	Ingolles

Any of the above surnames in the United Kingdom, Australia, Canada and America are encouraged to join this project.

Project coordinator is Julia Ingles Gillett. Web coordinator is Anita M. Ingalls. Both are direct descendants of Joseph Ingalls (1745-1786). (Joseph¹, James², John Jay³, Rush⁴, George Frank⁵⁾ It is not known where Joseph Ingalls (Burleigh 5000) was born or died, possibly Saratoga County, NY. The next four generations all lived in Madison County, NY. Joseph Ingalls was said to be a son of David Ingalls of Vermont, but this is suspect. Most likely, Dr. Burleigh gleaned this information from James Ingalls' biography in the Biographical Review of Leading Citizens of Madison County (1894). You may have a similar situation where your lineage is suspect and you are curious to learn more.

A Surname Project traces members of a family that share a common surname. Since surnames are passed down from father to son like the Y-chromosome, this test is for males taking a Y-DNA test. Females do not carry their father’s Y-DNA and acquire a new surname by way of marriage, so the tested individual must be a male that wants to check his direct paternal line. Females who would like to check their direct paternal line can have a male relative with this surname order a Y-DNA test.

We hope you will be interested in contributing your Ingalls (and variations) line to this project. This site will develop over time and we may find that those brick walls will begin to crumble.

How many matches might I find? See the attached table of the location of modern-day Ingalls. Obviously, the more samples tested, the more matches we will find.

How many markers do I need? A generation for purposes of DNA testing is considered to be 15-25 years. Using 12 markers which match generates results of 7 generations with a 50% likelihood & 29 generations (580 years - before surnames even existed) with a 95% likelihood of sharing a Most Recent Common Ancestor (MRCA). Using the 25-marker test, the 50% likelihood drops to 3 generations and the 95% to 13 generations (260 years), and the 37-marker test drops the 95% likelihood to 7 generations (140 years). For more information on time to MRCA, see Genetics 158: 897--912.

Since the purpose of this project is to link individual Ingalls family histories to known descendants of Edmund Ingalls (1598-1648), the 12-marker test may not be adequate to provide the Most Recent Common Ancestor within this 358-year time frame. The 12-marker test would give 90% certainty for 460 years. Contrast that with a 37-marker test providing 95% certainty within the past 210 years. However, if you wish to start with 12, you can always ask for additional markers from the original test sample at a later date if you find a common MRCA and want to identify more recent related individuals.

Table 1. Probability for Most Recent Common Ancestor (MRCA) Using 12, 25 and 37 markers

Number of matching markers	Relatedness	50% probability that the MRCA was no longer than this number of generations	90% probability that the MRCA was no longer than this number of generations	95% probability that the MRCA was no longer than this number of generations
8 of 12	Not Related
9 of 12	Not Related
10 of 12	Probably Not	16.5	56	72
11 of 12	Possibly	17	39	47
12 of 12	Related	7	23	29
23 of 25	Good Probability	11	23	27
24 of 25	Related	7	16	20
25 of 25	Related	3	10	13
33 of 37	Possibly
34 of 37	Related
35 of 37	Related	6	12	14
36 of 37	Tightly Related	4	8	10
37 of 37	Very Tightly Related	2 to 3	5	7

FamilyTreeDNA - FamilyTreeDNA was chosen by the National Geographic Society to provide testing for the Genographic Project in a five-year partnership between the National Geographic Society, IBM and the Waitt Family Foundation. FamilyTreeDNA is the leader in Y-DNA genealogy.

Ysearch project - Visit the public Y-DNA database with 23,000 records (haplotypes) and 250,000 ancestors names. The Ysearch project is sponsored by FamilyTreeDNA and is offered publicly at no charge. The more Ingalls gedcoms we add to this project, the greater the value to Ingalls researchers. Quick links to search Y-Base records of participating Ingalls surname project members are on the results page.

RootsWeb Genealogy-DNA Message Board - check the archives for more information on the use of Y-DNA in genealogy research..

Privacy - Only your results and the pedigree you provide will be posted in these pages in the published results. Family Tree DNA automatically notifies all participants of matches by e-mail. Your participation in a genealogical study indicates your desire to learn of others who match, so it is important that you return your release. For other privacy questions, visit Family Tree DNA
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Any questions not answered by the Family Tree DNA site? E-mail the Ingalls family group administrator from the Family Tree DNA Ingalls Project Page.

Pricing	Regular Price	Ingalls Project
Y-DNA12: 12 Marker Test	$149	$99
Y-DNA25: 25 Marker Test	NotAvail	$124
Y-DNA37: 37 Markers Test	$259	$149
Y-DNA37: 67Markers Test	$349	$248