German lieutenant general who succeeded General von Stein in October 1918 as Imperial Minister of War. Heinrich was born into the family of a political administrator and his wife Emilie Graeff. Heinrich initially attended the Lyceum in Colmar, but chose a military career thereafter, his first unit being the 4. Badischen Infantry Regiment Nr. 112 in Colmar.

In the years leading up to mobilization, Scheüch served as Director of the Central Department at the War Ministry in Berlin. He was then appointed Chief of Staff at Great Headquarters. In May of 1916, he took over command of the 29. Infantry Brigade, and on 13 January 1917 was transferred to command the 33. Infantry Division. Also, from 16 August 1917 to 8 October 1918, he followed General Groener as the Chief of the War Office.

The apex of his military career was reached on 9 October 1918 when he was named to succeed Hermann von Stein as Imperial War Minister and was simultaneously promoted to Generalleutnant. He served in the cabinet of Reichskanzler Prince Max von Baden, but only remained in office until 2 January 1919, shortly after Germany had signed the Armistice. He was awarded the Pour le Merite in 1918 and was promoted to the honorary rank of General der Infanterie in 1939.  Heinrich Scheüch died on 3 September 1946 in Bad Kissingen.