Field Notes
April 23, 2005
My first Experience using multiple Nikon SB-800 Speedlights
This page has been hastily assembled to document my first experience
using the Nikon D70 with multiple speedlights, 3 to be exact. It
is a consolidation of a number of forum threads, and thus,
choppy. Admittedly, it's poorly written and needs much
improvement in both composition and style. I hope to improve it
greatly over time. This, as well, is my first time producing a
web page.
Right, wrong, or indiferent, documented here is the way the photos
below were obtained.
My Assignment:
Take full body shots of numerous
groups of ice skaters for a brochure advertisizing the 2005 Spring Show.
The group size could vary from single individual to group of 16, or so,
small child through adult.
Location:
In the coach's locker room,
approximately 20 fett long by 14 feet wide, with 10 foot ceiling.
Introduction:
There are many "firsts" here:
First attempt at "photo day" for the ice skating spring show (70 kids,
14 groups, 15 individuals...I'm crazy)
First attempt to take care of all the details
simultaneously (eg. missed the wrinkles in the background, forget about
the floor!)
First attempt at portrait photography with lights
and umbrellas
First try at using 3 SB-800's with my D70 and kit
lens
First attempt at tie-dying 7 yards of 107" muslin
All-in-all, things turned out very much as I had hoped. The
picture quality is very adequate, and lighting is right-on in terms of
properly illuminating the subjects. Had this photo shoot been
spread out over several sessions, my process could have been adjusted
to make use of lessons I learned along the way. I have sold a
number of these poses, and hope to recoup a big portion of my equipment
purchase. In that respect, I've been very successful.
Equipment Used:
Camera:
Nikon D70
Lens:
Nikon
18-70mm Nikkor DX (D70 kit Lens)
Speedlights: Nikon
SB-800, qty 3
Other equipment:
1- Nikon
SC-28 iTTL Flash Sync cord
2- Giottos 13' tall air cushioned light
stands (eBay)
3- Bogen 3086 8' tall light stands (eBay)
2- Photoflex white interior/black
exterior umbrellas (New -- B&H photo)
2- Umbrella swivel brackets (New -- Adorama)
1- Hakuba 640 El Carmagne Carbon Fiber Tripod
(New -- KEH.com)
1- 7 yards
(21 feet) long, by 107 inch wide muslin fabric for background
($40 -- Walmart)
Numerous plastic spring clamps ($5.00 bag of
16 -- Walmart)
4-5 foot long by 3/4 inch diameter electrical conduit and straight
connectors
connected
together to horizontally support the background (more on this at
a future date)
4- size AA Batteries per flash
Camera
Settings:
ISO: 400
White Balance: Preset, measured using gray card and all falsh units "ON"
Shutter: 1/200
Aperture: f/8.0
Auto Focus
Manual Focus Area
Exposure Compensation: 0.0 EV
Flash Compensation (using on-camera "lightning bolt" button): 0.0 EV
File Size: RAW
Post Processing: Done through Nikon Editor (right-click in Nikon View, choose "edit") and Adobe
Photoshop.
Results:
2 lights, key, camera right and fill, next to camera

3 lights, key camera right, fill, next to camera,
one background left, pointed toward ceiling

My Set-up
Here was what I remember to be my set-up.
There were a couple of configurations. I
uused umbrellas in my set-up. The master SB-800 was attached to
one umbrella stand and then the camera via a Nikon SC-28 TTL flash
cord, to provide remote operation while maintaining i-TTL flash
function. The other flashes were slaved via wireless SB-800 control.
Two SB's were mounted, in their stands (that come with them) to some
$14 Adorama umbrella swivel brackets:
http://www.adorama.com/...
...SB.html?searchinfo=umbrella%20bracket&item_no=9
They screw onto the 1/4-20 thread on the brass
ferrule that comes as part of the umbrella bracket. The other ferrule
that also comes as part of the umbrella bracket, has a 1/4-20 female
thread that allows attachment to a light stand like a Bogen 3086. I got
mine on ebay, but here they are:
http://www.adorama.com/BG3086.html
I used two Photoflex umbrellas here:
http://www.bhphotovideo.com/...
...=productlist&A=details&Q=&sku=42516&is=REG
The third SB was mounted in its bracket and
screwed onto a light stand by itself.
The background pictured is made using 107" wide
muslin from Walmart, given a really bad dye-job by hap-hazradly dunking
it into a RIT dye bath in the back yard. See below for how I did it.
I used umbrellas as light modifiers in my
set-up. The master SB-800 was attached to
one umbrella stand and then the camera via a Nikon SC-28 TTL flash
cord, to provide remote operation while maintaining i-TTL flash
function. The other flashes were slaved via wireless SB-800 control.

Although I can't specifically
remember the exact speedlight settings, I can say that they were
approximately Key +1.3, Fill 0.0, Backkground -3.0 (or maybe 0.0?) for
the 3-light set-up. They settings were approximately Key +1.0, Fill
-.3, Background OFF for the 2 light. Some
experimentation and display on the laptop allowed me to get a starting
point for all settings. A flash meter is not necessary for i-TTL
flash, as the camera uses its internal meter plus a series of small
pre-flashes to adjust for each shot. Just make sure the relative
ratios of key-to-fill-to background are all the way you wish.

What I learned:
I think the i-TTL of
the SB-800 was very useful for my application. Without the
benefit of a light meter, I had to allow the camera to make adjustments
for the fact that my lights
and camera had to be moved over and over
to accommodate the various subjects and groups. Having only 1 day of experience using my D70 and
multiple SB-800 lights gave little time for experimentation on my part.
Light Loss and compensation:
Speedlights
are, by nature, less powerfiul that studio strobes, and I was unsure, in my initial lighting research, as to
whether speedlights would provide the quantity and quality of light
that I thought I needed. Light loss will occur
whenever using any type of modifiers on the light source. Light will be lost anytime
it is reflected from a surface, such as the white umbrella
interior. By
diffusing the light (effectively un-concentrating it) additional light
loss occurs as well.
I expected 1
to 1-1/2 stops of loss due to the umbrella (at
each light). So I initially increased the flash compensation for
each speedlight at each individual speedlight. However, in practice, the light here, whether
from three speedlights, or two, was very adequate to provide the level
of illumination desired. The only light I generally ended
up compensating greater than one stop (or 0.0 EV) was the key light.
Key and fill @ +0.7 EV
each, Fill @ 0.0 EV

What I learned (and maybe it is obvious to more
experienced users)
is that each individual light (key, fill, background, etc) can be
compensated higher or lower than any other in the set-up. The relative
intensities of the lights, with respect to each (lighting ratio), other
can be set and maintained to provide ratios of 1:2, 1:3, etc. For
example, to get a ratio of 1:3, the key light (brighter one) should be
set 1.0 EV higher than the fill.
The entire speedlight set-up can
be compensated as a whole, up to +1.0 EV and down to -3.0 EV through
the use of the flash compensation adjustment on the camera. (Push the
lightning-bolt button and spin the thumb dial). Therefore, if the flash
power is too little or too great, it can be compensated up or down
within the range provided, while still maintaining the desired lighting
ratio between key and fill
Here is a great site by Chuck Gardner that has a lot
of information for additional reading on many topics, including
lighting ratios:
http://super.nova.org
Look under "stories" and especially see his "class
notes section".
The Blue Background:
I think I got the muslin at
Walmart. It is 107 inches wide, and my original color for the one seen
here was light blue. I bought 7 yards (21 feet @ 107 wide) for around
$40.
The dying was quite easy as it needs to be a really
bad job anyways to get the mottled effect.
You need a bottle of RIT dye, or equivalent, and a
large tub, and rubber gloves. Follow the dye instructions---outside in
the grass, it's messy. Wash the material in the washer to ensure it is
wet. Gently wad-up the wet material, press it into the dye solution and
let it sit for 3 or 4 minutes. Take it out, inspect, and touch-up by
dipping some more. Let the excess dye run out of the material so it can
be put into the washing machine on hot-wash, cold rinse--no soap. Dry
in the dryer. That's it.
What you see is actually
the product of a failed
attempt plus a successful one. My firsty try used a Denim blue
color
and resulted in a pretty uniformly blue color. The second attempt
used
a bottle of Navy Blue and produced what you see in the shots.
See this website:
http://www.betterphoto.com/exploring/MakingBackDrops.asp
In Summary:
It will likely take some experimentation to get the correct exposures
and to get a good feel for using your lights. Use a sturdy tripod
and set the
exposure to Manual, ( 1/120, f/8.0 for starters). I accidently had the
ISO on Auto, but
all my shots were taken at ISO 400. I used RAW mode, which REALLY does
make for some nice final photos. Exposure can be compensated after the
fact, should it not be ideal at the onset. I used Nikon Editor (part of
Nikon View, just right-click, then choose "edit). Also, there is a
"Freeware" program called Rawshooter Essentials that does a fine job.
Have fun!
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