THE TURBULENT SIXTIES
Issues to Understand
After reading the chapter, you should be able to discuss the following:
1. The importance of the 1960 sit-ins and the books of muckraking authors Michael Harrington, Ralph Nader, and Betty Friedan
2. The election of 1960; candidates, issues, role of television, and outcome
3. President John F. Kennedy's record in civil-rights and domestic reform
4. How the civil-rights movement induced the Kennedy and Johnson administrations and Congress to use federal authority to
end legally enforced segregation, disfranchisement, and discrimination
5. President Kennedy's record in foreign affairs
6. How and why Kennedy deepened U.S. involvement in Vietnam
7. Major legislation passed to implement the Johnson administration 's Great Society and war on poverty programs
8. The election of 1964; candidates, issues, and outcome
9. Why, in his second term, Lyndon Johnson went from electoral triumph to widespread rejection by the American people
10. The major decisions handed down by the Supreme Court in the 1960s and the Warren Court
11. Causes of the wave of race riots in the late sixties and what resulted from them
12. The Black Power movement; leaders, ideas, tactics, and effectiveness
13. The Native American, Chicano, and women 's rights movements of the sixties; relation- ship to the civil-rights movement,
leaders, ideas, tactics, and effectiveness
14. How and why Lyndon Johnson Americanized the Vietnam War 15. How and why the Vietnam War polarized Americans
VOCABULARY
The following terms are used in Chapter 30. To understand the chapter fully, it is important that you know what each of them means.
filibuster to prevent a legislative vote by obstructive tactics, especially by making long speeches
litigation a civil lawsuit
monolithic something made of or resembling a single piece of stone of massive size immolating offering a life in sacrifice
consensus general agreement
cornucopia an overflowing supply
anathema a person or thing detested
intimate hint; to make known indirectly
presaged foreshadowed, forecasted, predicted
reactionary someone or something on the far right politically; extremely conservative; favoring a return to conditions
of an earlier time
miscegenation interbreeding between different races; mixture of races by sexual union due process legal proceedings
carried out in accordance with established rules and principles
felony serious crime punishable by more than one year in prison
ambivalent having at one and the same time opposite and conflicting feelings about a person or thing
IDENTIFICATIONS
After reading Chapter 30, you should be able to identify and explain the historical significance of each of the following:
Michael Harrington, The Other America
Ralph Nader
Betty Friedan, The Feminine Mystique
Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and freedom rides
Peace Corps and Alliance for Progress
Bay of Pigs invasion and Cuban missile crisis
Ngo Dinh Diem
National Liberation Front (Vietcong)
New Frontier
Great Society
Freedom Summer Project in Mississippi, 1964
Civil Rights Act of 1964
Economic Opportunity Act (Job Corps, VISTA, Head Start) and war on poverty
Barry Goldwater
1965 Voting Rights Act
Medicare and Medicaid
Immigration Act, 1965
National Endowments for the Arts and the Humanities
Stewart Udall
Baker v. Carr
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
Kemer Commission and its report
,Malcolm X and the Black Muslims
Stokely Carmichael, H. Rap Brown, and Black Power
Huey Newton, Bobby Seale, and the Black Panthers
American Indian Movement (AIM)
Cesar Chavez
National Organization for Women (NOW)
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
hawks versus doves