AP Art History

Chapter 6
Etruscan and Roman Art

Study Guide

Style
  • What element of architecture did the Etruscans exploit?
  • Describe the characteristics of the Apollo from Veii.
  • Articulate the four styles of Roman Wall Painting: The "First Style" (c.200-80 BCE); The "Second Style" (c.80-15 BCE);
    The "Third Style" (c.15 BCE-45 CE); The "Fourth Style" (beginning c.45 CE)
  • What types of portraiture emerge during the Roman Period and what characterizes them?

    Interpretation and Meaning
  • What does the Ara Pacis commemorate? Explain the meaning of the sculptural reliefs.
  • The Augustus Primaporta is a portrait of political propaganda. Describe the influences and characteristics of the work.
  • What takes place in the Pompeii wall painting of the Villa of Mysteries?
  • Why is the Flavian Amphitheater called the Colosseum (72-80 BCE)?
  • What does the succession of orders used in the Colosseum refer to?
  • What does the Arch of Titus commemorate?
  • What was so unique about the Column of Trajan?
  • What are the most remarkable characteristics of the Pantheon?
  • The Emperor built the largest and most elaborate of Imperial Forums. The main building is in the form was the Basilica Ulpia. Explain the function and characteristics of this basilica.
  • Where were pictorial mosaics located and what was so remarkable about them?

    Materials and Techniques
  • What did Roman concrete consist of?
  • What technique was used for Roman wall painting?
  • How have sculptors created a sense of space in the relief sculpture of the Arch of Titus?

    Diagrams
  • Construct a diagram by using the following terms: arcade, round arches, bay, jamb, voussoir, keystone, impost, pier, springing, and spandrel.

    Compare and Discuss
  • How did the Etruscans adapt the Greek doric order? Explain the differences between the two orders and recognize the traditions that the Etruscans adopted from the Greeks.
  • Explain the difference between a barrel and groin vault. Where are they found? Cite a building that contains both.
  • Compare and contrast the relief on the Altar of Peace with the relief on the Parthenon, Athens. Consider the themes, the difference in the portrayal of the human figure, and the spatial depth, i.e. low and high relief carving.

    Vocabulary
    Terms Terms Terms
    terracotta
    atrium
    necropolis
    agora
    Broken pediment
    frieze
    apotheosis
    buttressing
    dado
    apse
    cameo
    dome
    groin vault
    hypostyle hall
    arcade
    cella
    intrados
    		clerestory
    engaged columns
    jambs
    attic story
    coffer
    entablature
    keystone
    barrel vault
    composite order
    extrados
    mosaic
    basilica
    concrete
    foreshortening
    nave
    bay
    corbeled
    forum
    oculus
    periteral temple
    tesserae
    		perspective
    triumphal arch
    pilaster
    trompe l'oeil
    post and lintel
    trophy
    round arch
    Tuscan order
    rosettes
    veneer
    rotunda
    verism
    sarcophagus
    volute
    still life
    voussoirs
    stucco
    aqueduct
    catacomb
    drum