Analysis
of Bunkai in Shaolin Kempo Kata
This
article is not really finished, but I thought I'd rescue it
from my palm pilot to get some feedback on. I plan to fill
in some specific answers to bunkai problems later, but for
now, here's the background idea.
The Shaolin Kempo Kata, as taught via the Villari system
and its offshoots, is a slightly modified form of the
original karazenpo forms. These forms were brought to the
East coast by S. George Pesare, who taught them to Nick
Cerio, who taught them to Fred Villari. Nick Cerio later
abandoned them when formulating Nick Cerio's Kenpo,
synthesizing them into his own forms. The Villari system
remained essentially true to the versions taught by S.
George Pesare, with minor modfications. These forms can be
seen in the systems practiced by the groups founded by
those who left theVillari organization, such as United
Studios of Self Defense, United Shaolin Kempo, Masters Self
Defense Centers, Masters of Karate, and Shaolin Self
Defense Centers.
It's a Guard
While I was learning these forms, I heard what I now
consider to be the biggest red flag disguising the answer
"I don't know". These forms were created based on the early
kajukenbo sets. Kajukenbo, in turn had its beginnings in
the kempo of Chow and Mitose. These were not people looking
for an idealized performance art, these were men who
fought. Any superfluous motion, any posing would be
detrimental and ineffective. It would have no place. Every
time I found a position in a form that wasn't immediately
identifiable as a block or punch I would ask my instructor
what the move was for, and almost without fail the answer
would be "it's a guard." I don't doubt that these
instructors were sincere. In fact, I
believe they were passing along the exact answer they were
given when they asked the same question years
earlier.
History
and the Conceit of pure reason
It
sometimes concerns me that I might be arrogant to suppose
that I could see what my instructors could not. I reassure
myself when I consider my interest in the history of
Shaolin Kempo. None of my instructors have shared this
interest, at least not to the depth in which I have pursued
my research. It was this research that led me to my
understanding of the men who created these kata. Getting to
know the men led to the specific understanding of the
applications held within these kata. I purposely use the
term held
and
not hidden,
because that is the fundamental element in discovering the
applications. The applications are in plain sight.
Technique
vs. Movement Based Forms
In arts that use forms, kata or sets, there are two major
types of forms. One type, usually found in older arts, is
the movement based form. The form teaches the fundamental
movements, positions, footwork and power generation methods
in a systematic manner. Forms of this sort tend to have
various interpretations for any given move in the form, and
the bunkai may look visually different from the portion of
the form being interpreted. An example of a form of this
type might be sanchin, siu lum tao, or naihanchi.
Newer arts tend to use technique based forms. These forms
are essentially the class notes of the founders. As
techniques were developed, they were organized into forms.
These forms contain the key concepts and principles within
the techniques, and by practicing the form the student is
hopefully gaining the benefit of application practice, but
also absorbing the principles of the system at the same
time. For these forms, the application should be
immediately apparent, and the 'shape' of the application
should closely match the form.
Shaolin Kempo,Karazenpo, Ed Parker's Kenpo and early
Kajukenbo were all arts of this type. The art was taught in
a 'technique based' system, emphasizing applications.
Looking
back to move forward.
Going
forward with this premise, I then began to dissect the
forms into discrete techniques. Most were easily
identified, with reasonably obvious applications, or were
immediately recognizable as combinations or other rank
material. The remaining techniques were divided into four
main categories:blocks and strikes to unlikely targets,
blocks without strikes, 'cup and saucer' moves, and 'it's a
guard'.
Once I had my target techniques identified, I began to look
into the past for similar techniques. Delving into the past
did not necesarily mean traveling back in time, but rather
taking a look at each generational ancestor to observe
techniques that match. Through comparing and contrasting
elements of Fred Villari’s techniques, Professor Nick
Cerio’s techniques, those seen on film shown by
Grandmaster S. George Pesare, those of Master Bill Chun
Jr., those of Victor Sonny Gascon, and through Professor
Kimo Ferreira the techniques of Walter Godin, I began to
find techniques that fit into the movements of the kata
with little or no variation. I can only presume that these
techniques are related to the original intent of the forms,
but at this point, I’m just happy having an answer
for each time I’m asked, “What’s this
for?”