þá [] 1. adv, conj then, at that time (when the word stands at the beginning of the clause meaning then, the verb comes next, then the subject); marking sequence after that time, thereupon, then, after that; when, at the time that, whilst, during (if it is to be translated when, the subject precedes the verb); there, where; as adverbial connective: of time when, of cause or reason when, since, as; seeing that, inasmuch as, if, when, since, as, because; marking time ~ þá when, marking cause or reason when since, as; in correlative combinations ~…~ then…when, when…then; ~ hwíle þe while, whilst, so long as; ~ gíet see ~gíet; 2. def art, feminine accusative singular and nom/acc plural; ~ þe which

þaca [] 1. ¹ m (-n/-n) roof, covering; 2. gen pl of þæc

þaccian¹ [] wv/t2 to clap, pat, stroke, touch gently, strike gently; smack, beat; to clap, put one thing to another

þacele see þæcele

þacian [] wv/t2 to thatch

þacum dat pl of þæc

þadder see þider

þafetere [] m (-es/-as) one who agrees or consents, one who is remiss in allowing, one who acquiesces in, or condones, what is wrong

þafettere [] m (-es/-as) one who agrees or consents, one who is remiss in allowing, one who acquiesces in, or condones, what is wrong

þafian¹ [] wv/t2 1. to consent to, agree with, approve of, assent to, submit to, allow, permit; a. with accusative; b. with dative; c. with a clause; 2. to submit to, bear, suffer, endure; 3. to bear with, tolerate;

þaforlic see þaroflic, þearflic

þafung¹ [] f (-e/-a) permission, consent

þág past 3^rd sing of þicgan, þéon

þáh past 3^rd sing of þicgan, þéon

þage see þæge

þágén see þe ágén who again

þágíet [] adv still; yet

þágýt [] adv still; yet

þágon past pl of þicgan

þáh see þéah

þám see þǽm

þamettan [] wv/t1b to clap (the hands)?

þan see þon adv

þán [] 1. adj moist, irrigated; 2. n (-es/-) irrigated land [þínan]; 3. see þǽm

þanan see þanon

þanc¹ [] m (-es/-as) 1. thought, reflection, sentiment, idea; mind, will, purpose; 2. kindly thought, favor, grace, mercy, pardon; pleasure, satisfaction; reward, recompense; 3. agreeableness, pleasure, satisfaction: in phrases, (a) æfter ~e according to what is agreeable, agreeably, pleasantly; (b) on ~, tó ~es, tó ~e to the satisfaction of a person, so as to please; (c) on ~e pleasing, agreeable, grateful; 4. thanks, gratitude; ~ ágan/habban to have thanks, be thanked for something (gen, prep, clause); ~(as) dón to give thanks; ~(as) secgan to express thanks for something (gen, prep, clause), give thanks: (1) thanks to a person on whom a result depends, (possessive +gen) by (one’s) grace, favor; (2) where there is voluntary or unforced action, (possessive +gen) of (one’s own) accord, with (a person’s) consent, willingly, voluntarily; (3) where there is uncontrolled or independent action, at (one’s) pleasure or will; (4) where there is independent condition, (agnes ~es) in or of itself; (5) for (one’s) sake; Gode ~ thanks (be) to God; Godes ~es through the mercy of God; Drihtnes ~es according to the will of the Lord; mínes ~es by my favor, of my own will; on ~ willingly, gladly; an ~e acceptable, pleasant; déofla ~es in honor of devils; tó~e for the sake of

þances [] adv thankfully, gladly; voluntarily, gratis; ǽgnes ~ of his own accord

þancful [] adj ge~ thoughtful, ingenious, clever; thankful, grateful; contented, satisfied; pleasing, agreeable; energetic, spirited; adv ~líce thankfully, gratefully

þanchycgende [] adj thoughtful

þancian¹ [] wv/t2 w.g. thing, w.d. person 1. to thank, give thanks, express in words or have in mind feelings of gratitude: (1) absolute, (2) with dative of person to whom thanks are given, (3) with genitive of that for which thanks are given, (4) with dative of person to whom thanks are given, and (a) genitive of thing for which, (b) with genitive of a pronoun and clause stating cause of thanks, (c) the cause of thanks given in a clause introduced by þæt; (5) combining the construction of (2) and (3); 2. to express thanks by action, show gratitude; 3. to feel gratified, rejoice; recompense, reward; w.i. rejoice

þancmetung [] f (-e/-a) deliberation, thought, consideration

þancmetegung [] f (-e/-a) deliberation, thought, consideration

þancol¹ [] adj thoughtful, mindful, acute, addicted to thought; prudent, wise; ge~ desirous; ge~ suppliant

þancolmód² [] adj thoughtful, considerate, prudent, wise, attentive, intelligent, having the mind addicted to thought, of acute mind

þancsnotor² [] adj wise, prudent, ingenious, wise in thought

þancsnottor² [] adj wise, prudent, ingenious, wise in thought

þancung [] f (-e/-a) thanks, thanking, thanksgiving

þancweorð [] adj thankworthy, deserving thanks, acceptable; thankful, grateful; memorable; adv ~líce gladly, willingly, in a way that shows acceptance

þancweorðlic [] adj thankworthy, deserving thanks, acceptable; thankful, grateful; memorable; adv ~líce gladly, willingly, in a way that shows acceptance

þancword [] n (-es/-) thanks, a word of thanks

þancwurð see þancweorð

þancwyrð(e) see þancweorð

þand past 3^rd sing of þindan

þane see þone

þanécan þe [] adv whenever, as often as, as soon as ever

þánian [] wv/i2 to be or become moist, moisten

þanne see þonne

þanon [] adv from that time or place, thence, away; whence, from which, of which; ~…~ thence…whence; then, thereupon, henceforth; by which, through that; 1. with demonstrative force, thence; (1) marking the point from which motion takes place; (1a) followed by a relative particle, the two words together have the force of a relative; (2) marking the point from or in regard to which direction or position is estimated; (3) marking the place from which an action or operation proceeds; (4) marking source, origin; (5) marking cause, reason; (6) temporal, from that time, after that; 2. with relative force, whence; (1) referring to the point from which motion takes place; (2) referring to the point from or in regard to which direction or position is estimated; (3) referring to the place from which an action or operation proceeds; (4) referring to source or origin; (5) referring to cause or reason; 3. in correlative combination

þanone [] adv from that time or place, thence, away; whence, from which, of which; ~…~ thence…whence; then, thereupon, henceforth; by which, through that; 1. thence; (1) local; (2) temporal, after that; (3) causal; 2. whence, from which, of which

þanonforð [] adv departing thence

þanonweard [] adj moving thence

þanun see þanon

þar- see þear-, þer-

þár- see þǽr-

þára [] 1. see þǽr; 2. gen pl of sé, séo, þæt

þas see þæs, gen masc, neut of sé

þassum see þissum, dative masc, neut sing of þés

þat see þæt

þáþá see þá

þáw [] 1. see þéaw 1; 2. see þéow

þáwian [] wv/t2 to thaw

þæc [] 1. n (-es/þacu) roof, covering, roof of a building; thatch, the materal of which a roof is composed; 2. see þec, acc sing of þu

þæccille see þæcele

þæce f see þæc 1

þæcele [] f (-an/-an) torch, lamp, light [= fæcele]

þæcen see þecen

þæcile see þæcele

þæctigile [] f (-an/-an) roof-tile

þæder see þider

þædres see þider

þæderlendisc see þiderléodisc

þǽf see þéof

þæfet- see þafet-

þæge [] m pl, n pl pron they, these, those, them; also þage

þægen see þegen

þægn see þegn

þǽgon past pl of þicgan

þǽh see þéah 1 and 2

þæht see þeaht

þǽm [] masc, neut dative def art, pl dative def art. to/for the; be ~, on ~ thereon, therein; éac ~ in addition to this, besides this, also, moreover; ǽr ~ þe before; æfter ~ after, later, next, after that (fashion); for ~ (þe) therefore, on that account, for that reason, because; on ~ þe in this, in that

þǽn see þegn

þǽnan [] wv/t1b 3^rd pres þǽnð past þǽnde ptp geþǽned to moisten

þæncan see þencan

þæncung see þancung

þæne see þone acc. sing. masc of sé

þǽnian see þánian

þænnan see þennan

þænne see þonne

þǽr [] adv, conj there, thither, yonder; where, whither; then; when; though, if, so far as, whilst, provided that; in that respect; 1. local, a. with demonstrative force, 1. there, in that place; 2. thither, to that place; b. with relative force, 1. where, in which, 2. whither, to which place; c. in correlative combinations, 1. ~… þǽr there (where, thither, whither)…where (there, thither, whither), 2. where the two forms are not separated, and may be translated by where, d. with demonstrative and relative force, as in modern where, whither; 2. metaphorical usages, 1. there, in that case, then, 2. when, ~ þǽr then when, 3. in case that, if; 3. preparing the way for the subject, there; 4. in combination with suffixed prepositions the word has the force of a pronoun; see forms given as compounds; when, ~ þǽr where, wherever; ~…of therefrom; ~ wið in regard to that; ~ rihte thereupon, straightaway

þǽra [] gen pl def art of the; gen pl of sé, séo, þæt of the

þǽrábútan [] adv about that place, thereabout

þæran [] wv/t1b to dry, wipe

þǽræfter [] adv thereafter, after that

þǽræt [] adv thereat

þǽrbig [] adv thereby, thus, by that (person or thing)

þǽrbie [] adv thereby, thus, by that (person or thing)

þǽrbinnan [] adv therein

þǽrbufan [] adv besides that, besides, over and above that

þǽre [] fem gen/dat def art of the; to/for the; gen, dat fem sing of sé

þǽrf see 1. þearf; 2. þeorf

þærf- see þearf-

þǽrforan [] conj before that

þǽrgemang [] adv thereamong

þærh see þurh

þǽrin [] adv therein, wherein

þǽrinne [] adv therein

þærle see þearle

þǽrmid [] adv therewith, with that; temporal, straightway, at the same time

þǽrnéhst [] adv next to that

þærnian [] wv/t2 to lose?

þǽrof [] adv thereof, of or from that

þǽrofer [] adv thereover, over or above that

þǽron [] adv therein; thereon; thereinto, thereof

þǽronbútan see þǽreábútan

þǽronemn [] adv alongside

þǽrongén [] adv on the contrary, there-against

þǽroninnan [] adv therein, thereinto

þǽronuppan [] adv thereupon, thereon

þǽrriht [] adj straight

þǽrrihte [] adv thereupon, forthwith, instantly, immediately, straightway, at once

þærrihtes [] adv thereupon, forthwith, instantly, immediately, straightway, at once

þærsc past 3^rd sing of þerscan

þærscwald see þerscold

þærscwold see þerscold

þærst see dærst

þǽrtó [] adv thereto, to it, to that place; 1. marking position or order, next, then; 2. marking addition, besides; 3. marking association, belonging to; 4. where movement, lit. or fig., is implied, to that place; 5. thereto, for that end, for that purpose

þǽrtóéacan [] adv besides, in addition to that, moreover

þǽrtógéanes [] adv a. local, opposite; b. on the contrary, in opposition thereto; c. as an equivalent, as a set of, in return, in exchange for; d. in reply, in refutation

þǽrþǽr [] adv wherever

þǽrunder [] adv there under, under that, beneath that, beneath

þǽruppan [] adv thereon, thereupon

þǽrút [] adv outside, without, thereout

þǽrúte [] adv outside, without

þǽrwið [] adv a. therewith; b. in return, in exchange, against

þǽrymbe [] adv thereabout, on that point, about that

þǽrymbútan [] adv thereabouts

þæs [] 1. adv afterwards; thence; accordingly according as; therefore, because; therefore, wherefore, because, that; as, according as; provided; (to express proportion) the (more, etc.); tó ~ to that point, to that degree; ~ þe since, after, afterwards, the more; 2. gen sing def art of the; gen sing of sé and þæt

þæslǽcan¹ [] irreg wv/t1b 3^rd pres þæslǽceð past þæslǽhte ptp geþæslǽht to agree with, be suitable

þæslic [] 1. adj suitable, seemly, becoming, fit, meet, congruous; harmonious; comely, fair, elegant; 2. see þyllic

þæslíce [] adv in that way, so, after this manner, similarly, thus; suitably, fitly, meetly, opportunely, aptly

þæslicnes [] f (-se/-sa) fitness, convenience, meetness, agreement with what is right

þǽsma [] m (-n/-n) leaven, yeast

þǽsternes see þéostornes

þæsþe see þæs þe, in þæs

þæt [] 1. adv after that, then; 2. conj that; a. introducing substantive clauses, (1) where the clause is equivalent to the noun in the nominative, and (a) stands as the subject of the verb in the main clause; (b) where þæt or hit stands as subject in the main clause; (c) where it further explains a noun in the main clause; (2) where the clause is equivalent to a noun in the accusative, and (a) stands as object to the verb in the main clause; (b) where it is in opposition to þæt or hit standing as object in the main clause; (c) where it further explains the object of the verb in the main clause; (2a) where the subject of the clause is omitted, and the clause taken with the accusative of the main clause is equivalent to the accusative and infinitive construction; (3) where the clause is equivalent to a noun in the genitive or dative; (α) where in the main clause is a verb, verbal noun, or adjective taking after it such a case, and (a) where the substantive clause stands as object; (a1) where the subject is omitted; (b) where the main clause contains a case of a pronoun in apposition to the substantive clause; (c) where the clause explains the noun in the main clause; (β) where the clause is equivalent to a phrase, preposition and noun, with adjectival force, (a) defining the noun in the main clause; (b) in apposition to a pronoun in the main clause; 3. introducing clauses expressing end or purpose, that, in order that; 3a. with a negative, that…not, lest; 4. introducing clauses denoting result, manner, kind, degree (1) where no demonstrative word in the main clause is antecedent  to the subordinate clause, that, so that, so as (with infinitive); (1a) where the subject of the clause is omitted; (2) where the clause stands as relative to a preceding demonstrative word; (2a) where the subject of the clause is omitted; 5. introducing clauses expressing cause, reason; 6. where the main clause is not expressed, (1) in narrative; (2) in the titles of chapters (Þæt se ǽrra Rómwara Cásere Breotene gesóhte); (3) in exclamations; 7. where the construction is elliptical

þæt [] 1. conj, adv that, so that, in order that, after that, then, thence; ~ þe that; 2. neuter nominative, accusative def art the

þætte [] 1. relative pron that, which, that which; combining antecedent and relative that which, what; 2. conj that, so that, in order that; used in the same way as þæt; tó þon ~ so that [þæt þe]

þe [] indecl. particle 1. rel pron as a relative pronoun of any number, gender, or case, who, which, that (when governed by a preposition, the preposition follows. Þe is often associated by attraction with pronouns, e.g. þe ic I, þe we we): (1) where the antecedent clause does not contain a demonstrative; (2) where the antecedent clause contains a demonstrative; (3) used in combination with the personal pronouns; sé ~ his whose; ~…his whose; (4) where relative and antecedent are included in one form; 2. as adverb: (1) relative adverb; (2) before comparatives, (α) any; (β) = þý, the; 3. as conjunction: (1) introducing noun or adverb clauses, that; when; then (= þá); where (= þǽr): (α) noun clauses; (β) adverb clauses; (γ) in combination with other particles, where the combination may be rendered by a conjunction; (2) (with comparatives) than; (3) or, (α ) alone; (β) ~…þe whether…or, the…or; (β1) hwæðer (pronoun)…þe…þe; (γ) hwæðer/þeah…þe whether…or; 4. def art the (indecl.) [only in late OE]; 5. particle added to þéah, for þǽm, þæs, etc, without affecting their meaning; 6. pron thee, to thee, for thee dative singular of þu;

þé see þý

þéa see þéow

þeac see þæc

þeaca see þaca

þéada see þéoda, gen pl of þéod 1

þéadóm see þéowdóm

þéaf see þéof

þeafian see þafian

þeah past 3^rd sing of þicgan

þéah [] 1. conj, adv though, although, even if, that, however, nevertheless, yet, still; whether; ~ þe although; swá ~ nevertheless, yet; ~…~ although, still, yet; 1a. combined with other particles, hwæðere, swá, sé…~; 2. though, although: (1) in clauses which express no uncertainty; (1a) combined with þe; (2) in hypothetical clauses, though, if, even if; (2a) in combination with þe; 3. in correlative clauses; 4. past 3^rd sing of þéon

þéahhwæðere [] adv yet, moreover, however, nevertheless, but; swá ~ yet, nevertheless

þéahhweðre [] adv yet, moreover, however, nevertheless, but; swá ~ yet, nevertheless

þeaht [] n (-es/-) counsel, advice, design [þencan]

þeahte past 3^rd sing of þeccan

þeahtere¹ [] m (-es/-as) counselor

þeahtian¹ [] wv/t2 to ponder, consider, deliberate upon, take counsel, consult; agree

þeahtung¹ [] f (-e/-a) counsel, consultation

þéahþe = þéah þe

þéana [] adv nevertheless, yet; swá ~ however

þéara see þá, genitive pl of þæt

þearf [] f (-e/-a) 1. need; 2. need for or of something, which is expressed (1) by a genitive (α) of a noun, or of a pronoun referring to a noun; him wæs manna þearf to him was a need of men; (β) of a pronoun that represents a clause; nis mé þæs nán þearf I have not need of that; (γ) of a pronoun that refers to a gerundial infinitive; forþon nis mé þæs þearf, cwæð Orosius, tó secgenne because I need not, said Orosius, to say; (2) by a clause; gé habbað micle þearf, þæt gé simle wel dón ye have great need that ye may ever do well; (3) by the gerundial infinitive; ús is micel þearf tó witenne we have great need to know; (4) where that for which there is need is not expressed; hit is éow tó uncúðre, þonne gé þearfe áhton you have less knowledge on the point than you have need of; 3. needful things, what is needful; 4. what is required of a person, duty; 5. use, service, behoof, good, advantage, utility, profit, benefit; 5a. a useful thing, profitable employment; 6. need, distress, straits, difficulty, trouble, hardship, provation, distress, danger; tó ~e as is needed, according to what is needed; 7. see þeorf; 8. pres 3^rd sing of þurfan; 9. adj needful, necessary;

þearfa [] 1. m (-n/-n) poor man, pauper, beggar, needy person; 2. adj destitute of, needing w.g., poor, needy

þearfan [] wv/t1b 3^rd pres þearfeð past þearfde ptp þearfed to need, suffer need

þearfednes [] f (-se/-sa) poverty, destitution

þearfend [] m (-es/-) poor man; mostly in plural, the poor

þearfende [] adj indigent, needy, poor, in want

þearfendlic [] 1. adj needy, poor, miserable: (a) of persons, indigent, destitute; (b) of things, scanty, insufficient; 2. adv ~líce poorly

þearfendnes see þearfednes

þearfian [] wv/t2 3^rd pres þearfað past þearfode ptp geþearfod to starve, be in need, want [Ger darben]

þearfigend [] m (-es/-) poor man

þearfléas [] adj without having cause, reason, or need to do something; adv ~léase needlessly, without cause

þearflic [] adj necessary; profitable, useful, convenient; adv ~líce usefully, profitably, with profit, to good purpose

þearflicnes [] f (-se/-sa) want, poverty, neediness

þearl [] adj (1) of persons, severe, strict, harsh, violent, vigorous; (2) of things, (a) pain, punishment, effort, and the like, severe; (b) utter, excessive, heavy; adv ~e; swíðe ~e with all their might

þearle [] adv severely, sorely, strictly, hard; this word, as does swíðe, tends to become an adverb of degree rather than one of manner or quality; where it qualifies words denoting pain, effort, or the like, it may be considered as keeping much of its old force, but even there it is used to translate Latin words marking degree; while in the case of words which do not convey such an idea, it becomes equivalent to very, very much, exceedingly, and the like; 1. where there is the idea of pain, trouble, etc. (a) where the idea of manner is more prominent; (b) where the idea of degree is more prominent, very, very much, exceedingly, excessively; 2. where there is no idea of pain, trouble, etc., very, to a great degree, very much, to a great extent, exceedingly

þearlic [] adj severe, cruel, harsh, hard to bear, violent, grievous; adv ~líce severely; strictly, exactly, thoroughly; violently

þearlmód² [] adj stern, severe, violent, strong, mighty; of severe mind, (1) in a bad sense, stern, cruel; (2) in a good sense, severe in dealing with evil

þearlwís [] adj strict, severe, relentless

þearlwíslic [] adj severe, hard; adv ~líce severely, strictly

þearlwísnes [] f (-se/-sa) severity, strictness

þearlwýs- see þearlwís-

þearm [] m (-es/-as) gut, entrail, intestine

þearmgewind [] n (-es/-) windpipe (= windþearm); that which enwraps the intestines

þearmwind [] n (-es/-) windpipe (= windþearm); that which enwraps the intestines

þearmgyrd [] m (-es/-as) girdle, belt, belly-band

þearsc see þærsc, past 3^rd sing of þerscan

þearsm see þrosm

þéat pres 3^rd sing of þéotan

þéatan see þéotan

þéater [] m (þéatres/þéatras) theater

þéatscipe see þéodscipe

þéaw [] 1. m (-es/-as) usage, custom, general practice of a community; mode of conduct, custom, manner, practice, way, usage of a class or kind: (a) referring to human beings; (b) referring to animals; (c) referring to inanimate things; a practice of religion, method of belief, way of thinking, legal usage; custom, habit, manner, mode of conduct of an individual, disposition, behavior, pl conduct, behavior; in pl virtues, (good) manners, morals, morality; libban rihtum ~um to live righteously; ~um libban to live virtuously; ~um geþancol habitually thoughtful; 2. see þéow

þéawfæst [] adj decorous, moral, virtuous, honorable, of good manners, of well-ordered life; gentle

þéawfæstlíce [] adv correctly

þéawfæstnes [] f (-se/-sa) adherence to the rules of right conduct or method, discipline, obedience to rule

þéawful [] adj moral, virtuous

þéawian [] wv/t2 1. see þéowian; 2. ge~ to bring up well

þéawléas [] adj ill-mannered, ill-conditioned

þéawlic [] adj customary; decent, moral; figurative; adv ~líce

þéb- see þéof-

þec [] pron thee [accusative singular of þu]

þeccan [] irreg wv/t1b 3^rd pres þecð past þeahte ptp geþeaht ¹ to cover, cover over, conceal; (1) to cover an object with something; (2) to serve as covering to an object; ² swallow up?

þeccbryce [] m (-es/-as) tile

þeccend [] m (-es/-) protector, defender, one who covers or protects

þecele see þæcele

þecen [] f (-ne/-na) thatch, tile, covering, roof; fig house [þeccan]

þecest pres 2^nd sing of þeccan

þecgan [] 1. wv/t1b 3^rd pres þecgeð past þegde ptp geþeged to take, consume; 2. inflected form of noun? receptacle? or = þeccan?

þéde past of þéon

þéf see þéof

þéfanþorn see þýfeþorn

þefonþorn see þýfeþorn

þéfeþorn see þýfeþorn

þefel [] ? (-?/-?) mulled wine?

þéfel see þýfel

þefian [] wv/i2 to pant, heave, palpitate, be agitated

þeften see þyften

þéfð see þíefð

þegan [] sv/t5 3^rd pres þigð past þæg/þǽgon ptp geþegen to serve

þegen [] 1. see þegn; 2. past participle of þicgan

þegen- see þegn-, þén-

þegeð 3^rd person singular of þecgan

þegh see þéoh

þegin see þegn

þegn [] m (-es/-as) 1. servant, one who does service for another, minister, retainer, vassal, follower, disciple; freeman, master (as opposed to slave); courtier, noble (official, as distinguished from hereditary); ² military attendant, warrior, hero; 2. where the service is of a public or official character, an officer, minister; 2a. figurative; 3. where the service is military, soldier; 4. a follower of a great man, retainer, vassal, follower, disciple; 4a. figurative; 5. a follower of a teacher, disciple; 5a. in poetry, borrowing the terms of war; 6. one engaged in a king’s or queen’s service, whether in the household or in the country, thane; the word in this case seems gradually to acquire a technical meaning, and to become a term denoting a class (~riht, ~wer), containing, however, several degrees.  In some senses, it can be general, limited, implying military service, official work in the country; (1) where the word is used of other than Teutonic peoples (Xersis ~, Pharaones ~); (1a) where the Deity is the king served (Metodes ~); (1b) figurative; (2) where the word applies to Englishmen or to other Teutonic peoples; 6a. a thane who served a bishop; 6b. one engaged in the service of the republic; 7. a person of rank, one of a class higher than the ordinary freeman (ceorl); 8. brave man, noble man, good warrior; 8a. in poetry, the word is used, like eorl, as a complimentary term for man, warrior

þegn- see also þén-

þegnboren [] adj well-born, of gentle birth

þegnestmann [] m (-es/-menn) thane

þegnestre [] f (-an/-an) female servant

þegngylde [] n (-es/-u) legal money value of a thane, the wergild for a thane

þegnhyse [] m (-es, -hysses/-as, -hyssas) attendant, retainer, follower

þegnian¹ [] wv/t2 3^rd pres þegnað past þegnode ptp þegnod 1. to serve a person (dat), do a person (dat) service, minister to, attend upon; 2. to serve food, to supply wants, minister to necessities, provide, wait on, supply another with anything; 3. to serve an office, administer, perform the duties of an office;

þegnlagu [] f (-e/-a) thane-law, the legal rights, duties, and privileges which attached to the rank of thane

þegnlic [] adj noble, brave, loyal, manly, manful; adv ~líce bravely, manfully, like a brave man, gallantly

þegnrǽden [] f (-ne/-na) thaneship, service, the condition of being a thane, service

þegnriht [] n (-es/-) thane-right, the legal rights and privileges which attached to the rank of thane

þegnscipe [] m (-es/-as) 1. thaneship, the status of thane; service, duty; ability; 2. a body of thanes, body of retainers; 3. bravery, manfulness, gallantry, manliness, valor; 4. in that part of the Genesis which is thought to show Old Saxon influence, the word occurs with the meaning of service to a lord, like the Old Saxon thegenskepi;

þegnscolu [] f (-e/-a) band of vassals, band of thanes, a following

þegnsorg [] f (-e/-a) sorrow for loss of thanes

þegnung see þénung, þéning

þegnung [] f (-e/-a) service, ministration; 1. service, good office done by one to another; 1a. service rendered by things, use; 1b. use made of things; 2. service to a lord or master; 2a. service, obedience, suit and service; 3. service of an official, office, official employment, ministry; 4. the act of serving in an official capacity; 4a. a service, an official performance, a service of religion, an office of the church, a ceremonial or ritual service; 4b. a service, the formulas used in a service; 5. service of food, a meal, food served, food, provision; 6. in a personal sense, a following, retinue, train, (like folgað)

þegnungbóc [] f (-béc/-béc) book for divine service, mass-book, a book giving the religious services that were to be performed; Leviticus

þegnungfæt [] n (-es/-fatu) a vessel used in the service of the kitchen

þegnunggást [] m (-es/-as) a ministering spirit

þegnunghús [] n (-es/-) a house in which an employment is carried on, a workshop

þegnungmann [] m (-es/-menn) 1. in a general sense, a serving-man, attendant; 2. a servant of a lord or king, thane, minister: (a) in a general sense; (b) as a technical English term

þegnungwerod [] n (-es/-) body of serving-men or attendants

þegnweorud [] n (-es/-) band of followers, a host of thanes

þegnwer [] m (-es/-as) thane’s ‘wergild’, the wergild of a thane

þego see þegu

þégon see þǽgon, past pl of þicgan

þegu see béah~, wín~

þegu [] f (-e/-a) a taking, accepting

þeh see þec

þéh [] 1. see þéoh 1; 2. see þéah

þeht see þeaht

þel [] n (-es/-) board, plank, (metal) plate, a thin piece of wood or metal [Ger diele]

þell [] n (-es/-) board, plank, (metal) plate, a thin piece of wood or metal [Ger diele]

þelbrycg [] f (-e/-a) bridge of planks

þelcræft see þylcræft

þellfæsten [] n (-nes/-nu) fastness made of planks, ship, ark, a fortress of planks (Noah’s ark)

þellian see þilian

þelma [] m (-n/-n) noose, snare, trap

þelneðung [] f (-e/-a) some kind of plant

þelu see buruh~, benc~

þém see þǽm

þén see þegn

þencan¹ [] irreg wv/t1b 3^rd pres þencð past þóhte ptp geþóht 1. absolute, to meditate, cogitate, consider; 2. where the thought is the object of the verb, to think, have in mind; 2a. where the thought is expressed; 3. to think, suppose, imagine, hold as an opinion or belief; 4. to think of, consider, employ the mind on a subject, meditate, reason: (1) where the subject of thought is in the accusative; (2) where the subject of thought is in the genitive; (3) where the subject of thought is governed by a preposition, to think about, of, on a subject; (4) where the subject of thought is given in a clause introduced by an indirect interrogative; (5) where the construction is uncertain; 5. to direct the thoughts to an object, (a) to look to with attention, turn the thoughts to; (b) to look to with trust, expectation, expect of; (c) where purpose or intention is implied, to turn the thoughts to an action, to be bent upon something, have an intention to do something, intend, mean, purpose; 6. to think of something, where it is implied that effect will be given to the thought, to determine, devise, mean, purpose, intend, (a) with genitive; (b) followed by an infinitive, to think of doing something, intend to do; (b1) with the gerundial infinitive; (b2) with infinitive omitted; (c) followed by a clause; (d) with an accusative, to which a clause stands in apposition; 7. to think of doing something with hope or expectation, to desire, seek, wish, long for; 8. to think, call to mind, originate in the mind, remember, recollect; ~ mid to remember someone with (a gift) [þanc]; 2. see þyncan

þencendlic [] adj thoughtful

þende see þenden

þénde see þéonde

þenden [] 1. conj while, as long as, until; (1) where the periods of the actions marked by the verbs in the conjoined clauses are co-extensive, as long as, (all the) while (that); (2) where the verbs of the conjoined clauses denote contemporaneous actions; (3) where the period of the action of the verb in the first clause is included within that of the verb in the subjoined clause, while, at some time during the period when; 2. adv meanwhile

þene see þone

þénest [] f (-e/-a) service, entertainment [Ger dienst]

þénestmann [] m (-es/-menn) serving-man, retainer

þénestre [] f (-an/-an) servant, handmaiden

þeng see þegn

þengel² [] m (þengles/þenglas) prince, king, lord, ruler

þenian see þennan

þénian see þegnian

þénigmann see þéningmann

þéningfæt [] n (-es/-fatu) serving-vessel

þéninggást [] m (-es/-as) ministering spirit

þéninghús [] n (-es/-) workshop

þéningmann [] m (-es/-menn) serving-man

þénisc [] n (-es/-) (religious) service

þennan¹ [] wv/t1a 3^rd pres þeneð past þenede ptp geþened 1. to stretch, stretch out, spread out, extend; 2. to prostrate, overthrow; 3. to strain, make an effort, exert one’s self, press on; spread the fame of, magnify

þenning [] f (-e/-a) stretching, extension

þénung [] f (-e/-a) service, ministration; 1. service, good office done by one to another; 1a. service rendered by things, use; 1b. use made of things; 2. service to a lord or master; 2a. service, obedience, suit and service; 3. service of an official, office, official employment, ministry; 4. the act of serving in an official capacity; 4a. a service, an official performance, a service of religion, an office of the church, a ceremonial or ritual service; 4b. a service, the formulas used in a service; 5. service of food, a meal, food served, food, provision; 6. in a personal sense, a following, retinue, train, (like folgað)

þénungbóc [] f (-béc/-béc) book for divine service, mass-book, a book giving the religious services that were to be performed; Leviticus

þénungfæt [] n (-es/-fatu) a vessel used in the service of the kitchen

þénunggást [] m (-es/-as) a ministering spirit

þénunghús [] n (-es/-) a house in which an employment is carried on, a workshop

þénungmann [] m (-es/-menn) 1. in a general sense, a serving-man, attendant; 2. a servant of a lord or king, thane, minister: (a) in a general sense; (b) as a technical English term

þénungwerod [] n (-es/-) body of serving-men or attendants

þéo [] 1. see þéow m; 2. dat sing of þéoh; 3. see séo 2; 4. pres 1^st sing of þéon

þéod [] f (-e/-a) 1. a nation, people, tribe; 1a. where the general term is used, but only a part of the people is actually concerned; 1b. in pl the Gentiles; 1c. a race; 1d. in a general sense, particularly in pl, people, men; war-troop, retainers; 2. in a local sense, the district occupied by a people, a country, region, province; 3. a language; 4. fellowship;

þéod- [] prefix as the first part of several compounds, þéod has the force of general, public, great; the form is also found in proper names

þéodan¹ [] wv/t1b 3^rd pres þéodeð past þéodde ptp geþéoded to join (trans, intrans), associate (with), attach or subject oneself to; come to, be near; ge~ engage in; ge~ translate; ~ fram separate

þéodbealu² [] n (-wes/-) public calamity, great ill, grievous ill

þéodbúende² [] m pl earth-dwellers, mortals, those living in nations, mankind, men

þéodcwén [] f (-e/-e) queen, empress, a great queen

þéodcyning [] m (-es/-as) 1. the king of a whole nation, a monarch, an independent sovereign; 2. ² God, the king of all nations, the monarch of the world, the Deity

þéode past 3^rd sing of þéon

þéodegsa [] m (-n/-n) general terror, a terror that afflicts whole nations, a mighty, general terror

þéoden [] m (-es/-as) 1. the chief of a þéod, a prince, king, chief of a tribe, ruler; 2. a great man, lord, chief; 2a. referring to other than men; 3. referring to the Deity, (1) God, (2) Christ [þéod]

þéodend [] m (-es/-) translator

þéodengedál [] n (-es/-) separation from one’s lord (through his death)

þéodenhold² [] adj faithful to one’s lord, loyal

þéodenléas [] adj without a ruler, lord, or chief, lordless, deprived of one’s prince

þéodenmádm [] m (-es/-as) treasure given by a prince

þéodenmáðm [] m (-es/-as) treasure given by a prince

þéodenstól² [] m (-es/-as) throne, the seat of a king

þéodeorðe [] f (-an/-an) the whole inhabited earth, the world

þéodféond [] m (-es/-fíend) public enemy, archfiend, archenemy

þéodfruma [] m (-n/-n) prince of a people, a lord, ruler

þéodgestréon [] n (-es/-) people’s treasure, great possession, great treasure

þéodguma² [] m (-n/-n) man, warrior, retainer, a chief man of the people, a great man

þéodhere [] m (-es/-as) national army, army of a nation, the military force of a people, national host

þéodherpæð [] m (-es/-paðas) the highway, public road

þéodig see el~

þéodiglic see el~

þéodignes see el~

þéodisc [] 1. ² n (-es/-) speech, language; 2. adj Gentile, belonging to the people; [Ger deutsch]

þéodland [] n (-es/-) 1. inhabited land, district, country, region, empire; 2. the continent

þéodláreow [] m (-es/-as) great teacher

þéodlic [] adj national, of a people

þéodlícetere [] m (-es/-as) public deceiver, arch-hypocrite

þéodloga [] m (-n/-n) arch-liar, great liar, arch-imposter

þéodmægen [] n (-es/-) troop, host, a tribal force

þéodnes¹ [] f (-se/-sa) junction, joining; ge~ joining, suture; conjunction, association, society; ge~ conjugation; ge~ translation

þéodrǽden¹ [] f (-ne/-na) intercourse, fellowship

þéodsceaða² [] m (-n/-n) public pest, criminal, criminal against the community, a spoiler of the community, a great criminal or spoiler

þéodscipe [] m (-es/-as) 1. nation, people, community, population; 2. connection, association, fellowship; 3. teaching, instruction, training, testimony; learning, erudition; 3a. instruction, being taught; 3b. testimony; 4. what is taught or enjoined, a rule, regulation, law, religion; 4a. a collection of regulations, law, religion; administration, law, authority; 5. discipline, a disciplinary regulation; 6. (regular) custom, (proper) mode of conduct, conduct; 7. learning, knowledge, understanding;

þéodstefn [] m (-es/-as) tribe, nation, a stock, people

þéodþréa [] f? (-n/-n), m? (-n/-n) general distress, a great calamity

þéodweg [] m (-es/-as) a highway

þéodwiga [] m (-n/-n) great warrior, mighty warrior

þéodwita [] m (-n/-n) 1. one of the wise men of a nation, one whose knowledge fits him for a place on the councils of the nation, senator; 2. a man of great wisdom or learning, a sage, learned man;; 2a. used of a poet; 2b. used of a historian or philosopher or man of science

þéodwrecan [] sv/t5 3^rd pres þéodwricð past þéodwræc/þéodwrǽcon ptp þéodwrecen to avenge thoroughly, take great vengeance for

þéodwundor [] n (-wundres/-) great wonder, mighty miracle

þéof [] 1. m (-es/-as) criminal, thief, robber; (the laws which affected a thief himself were very severe. Anyone above the age of 12, who was caught stealing property above the value of eight pence, was liable to capital punishment. The extreme penalty was not in all cases exacted; but in case of repeated conviction there was to be no remission. He who struck down a thief in public was rewarded.); 2. f (-e/-a) theft

þéofdenn [] n (-es/-) robber’s cave, thieves’ cave

þéofend [] f (-e/-a) thieving, theft (the word seems only to occur in the plural)

þéofet see þiefð

þéofeþorn see þýfeþorn

þéoffeng [] m (-es/-as) seizure of thieves by an owner on his own land; right to fines payable on conviction for theft?; 1. the word seems to denote the obligation of one who holds land to arrest and bring to justice those who committed theft on that land, and occurs generally in connection with the burdens from which land, when granted, was relieved; 2. in other passages, however, the word implies advantage, and seems to refer to the right to receive the fines which might be exacted in case of conviction for theft.

þéofgield [] n (-es/-) payment for theft, payment made in the way of fine or compensation by one convicted of stealing

þéofian¹ [] wv/t2 to thieve, steal

þéofmann [] m (-es/-menn) robber, brigand, bandit

þéofsceaða [] m (-n/-n) robber

þéofsceolu see þéofscolu

þéofscip [] n (-es/-u) pirate-ship, pirate-vessel

þéofscolu [] f (-e/-a) band of robbers, a gang or band of thieves

þéofscyldig [] adj guilty of theft

þéofslege [] m (-es/-as) slaying of a thief

þéofslieht [] m (-es/-as) slaying of a thief

þéofstolen [] adj stolen, taken by thieves; past participle

þéofð see þíefð

þéofung [] f (-e/-a) thieving

þéofunt see þéofend

þéofwracu [] f (-e/-a) punishment for theft

þéoging [] f (-e/-a) increase, profit, profiting, thriving; advance, progress, advancement

þéoh [] 1. n (þéos/þéos) thigh, hip; 2. imperative of þéon

þéohece [] m (-es/-as) pain in the thigh, thigh-ache

þéohgelǽte [] n (-es/-u) thigh-joint, the meeting of the thigh with the part of the body above it

þéohgeweald [] n pl genitalia

þéohhweorfa [] m (-n/-n) knee-cap, knee-joint

þéohscanca [] m (-n/-n) thigh-bone, thigh-shank, the upper part of the leg

þéohseax [] n (-es/-) hip-sword, short sword that could be worn on the thigh

þéohwræc [] m (-es/-wracas) pain in the thigh(s)

þéon [] 1. sv/t1 3^rd pres þíehð past þáh/þigon ptp geþigen, sv/t2 3^rd pres þíehð past þéah/þugon ptp geþogen to thrive, prosper, flourish, grow, increase, ripen; 1. of persons in respect to either physical or moral growth: (1) absolute; (2) where that, in which the growth, etc., takes place, is stated; (3) where that, in relation to which the growth, etc., takes place, is stated; 2. of things abstract or concrete; 3. be profitable, to become or be great, succeed, excel; lengthen (of days); geþogen adult; 2. wv/t2 see þýwan; 3. wv/t2 3^rd pres þéodað past þéode ptp geþéod ² to perform, do, effect; 4. ge~ to receive, take

þéona see þéoh

þeonan see þanon

þéonde present participle of þéon 1

þeonen see þanon

þéonest see þénest

þéonýð see þéownýd

þéor [] m? (-es/-as) inflammation?

þéorádl [] f (-e/-a) some disease, inflammation?, blistering heat?

þeorcung see deorcung

þéordrenc [] m (-es/-as) a drink used for inflammation/þéorádl

þeorf [] 1. adj unleavened; fresh?, skim? (milk); 2. n (-es/-) unleavened bread

þeorfa see þearfa

þeorfdagas [] m pl days of unleavened bread

þeorfdæg [] m (-es/-dagas) a day on which unleavened bread was to be eaten

þeorfhláf [] m (-es/-as) loaf of unleavened bread

þeorfling [] m (-es/-as) unleavened bread/loaf

þeorfnes [] f (-se/-sa) freedom from leaven, purity, unleavenedness; metaphorically, freedom from impurity, purity

þeorfsymbel [] n (-symbles/-) feast of unleavened bread

þéorgerid [] n (-es/-) inflammation? accompanying þéor

þeorscwold see þerscold

þéorwærc [] m (-es/-as) inflammatory disease?, pain caused by þéor

þéorwenn [] f (-e/-a) inflammatory tumor or blister, carbuncle

þéorwyrm [] m (-es/-as) inflammatory (parasitic) worm, worm in a boil

þéorwyrt [] f (-e/-e) fleabane, ploughman’s spikenard

þéos [] 1. demonstrative pronoun, nom fem this; gen þisse of this; dat þisse to/for this; acc þás this; see þés; 2. gen sing of þéoh; 3. gen sing of þéow

þeossa see þisse

þeossum see þissum

þéoster see þéostor

þéostor [] adj dark, gloomy; sad, mournful

þéostorcofa² [] m (-n/-n) dark chamber, used of a place where a person or thing is buried

þéostorful [] adj dark, dusky, full of darkness, obscure

þéostorfulnes [] f (-se/-sa) darkness, obscurity

þéostorlic [] adj obscure, dark

þéostorloca [] m (-n/-n) tomb, dark enclosure

þéostornes [] f (-se/-sa) darkness

þéostre [] adj dark, gloomy; sad, mournful; 1. in a physical sense, without light; 2. metaphorically, of absence of spiritual or mental light, or of cheerfulness; see þéostor, þéostru

þéostrian¹ [] wv/t2 1. to make dark or dim, to make the eye less capable of seeing, dim the sight; 2. to grow dark, become dim, be eclipsed; darken, obscure

þéostrig [] adj dark, obscure, blinded

þéostru [] f (-e/-a) darkness, gloom (literally, metaphorically); dimness of sight (lit, metaphorically) þéostre n (often in pl)

þéostrung [] f (-e/-a) twilight, gloom, darkness, gloom

þeosum see þisum

þéotan [] sv/t2 3^rd pres þíeteð past þéat/þuton ptp geþoten 1. to roar, howl, howl like a wolf; 2. of other sounds: sound forth, resound, murmur

þéote [] f (-an/-an) torrent, fountain, cataract, waterfall; conduit, pipe, pipe or channel through which water rushes; [þéotan]

þéow [] 1. f (-e/-a) female servant or slave, m (-es/-as) servant, slave; 2. adj servile, not free, bond

þéowa [] m (-n/-n) see þéow 1

þéowæt see þéowot

þéowan [] 1. wv/t1b to press, impress, force; to press on, urge on, drive; to press with a weapon, thrust, pierce, stab; to press, threaten, rebuke; to subjugate, crush, push, oppress, check; 2. see þéowian

þéowatdóm see þéowotdóm

þéowboren [] adj not free-born, born in servitude, slave-born, born of parents in slavery

þéowberde [] adj not free-born, born in servitude, of servile birth

þéowcnapa [] m (-n/-n) bondservant, servant-lad

þéowdóm [] m (-es/-as) service, vassalage, subjection; in an unfavorable sense slavery, servitude; 1. in the more favorable sense; 1a. service of the church, divine service; 2. in the less favorable sense

þéowdómhád [] m (-a/-a) service

þéowe [] f (-an/-an) female servant, or slave, handmaiden

þéowen see þéowe

þéowene see þéowe

þéowet see þéowot, þéowt-

þéowhád [] m (-a/-a) servitude, service, the condition of a servant

þéowian [] wv/t2 3^rd pres þéowað past þéowde ptp geþéowd 1. ¹ to serve (of animate or inanimate objects), be a servant or slave, be subject to: (1) in the more favorable sense, (a) absolute; (b) followed by dative of the person or institution served; (c) with dative of practice in which a person labors, to be devoted to, attend to, bestow pains on, work at; minister to; (d) with accusative (?) of service done, to perform a service; (2) in the less favorable sense, (a) absolute; (b) with dative of that which is served; 2. ¹ to enslave, reduce to a state of slavery, deprive of freedom, give over into slavery; 3. see þýn; 4. ge~ see geþéodan

þéowin see þéowe

þéowincel [] n (-incles/-inclu) little servant, young slave, slave

þéowing [] f (-e/-a) threat, reproof

þéowlic [] adj servile

þéowling [] m (-es/-as) slave

þéowmann [] m (-es/-menn) servant

þéowne accusative singular of þéowen

þéowníd [] f (-e/-e) violence or force that enslaves or subdues, oppression, enslavement

þéownýd² [] f (-e/-e) serfdom, slavery

þéowot [] n (-tes/-tu) service, ministry; in an unfavorable sense, servitude, bondage, slavery; 1. of voluntary service: 2. of forced service

þéowotdóm [] m (-es/-as) service

þéowracian [] wv/t2 to threaten, menace

þéowracu see þéowwracu

þéowtlic [] adj of a slave, servile

þéowtling [] m (-es/-as) servant, a (poor) slave; the diminutive form seems to be depreciatory in this case

þéowtscipe [] m (-es/-as) service

þéowð see þéofð, þíefð

þéowu see þéowe

þéowut see þéowot

þéowweorc [] n (-es/-) servile work, work to be done by a slave

þéowwracian [] wv/t2 to threaten

þéowwracu [] f (-e/-a) combination, threat, threatening

þeox [] ? (-?/-?) hunting spear

þér see þǽr

þeran [] sv/t5 3^rd pres þirð past þær/þǽron ptp geþeren to rush

þerc- see þersc-

þercs- see þersc-

þercan see þerscan

þerccan see þerscan

þerexwold see þerscold

þerf see þeorf

þerflicnes see þearflicnes

þerh see þurh

þérinne see þǽrinne

þérrihte see þǽrrihte

þerscan¹ [] sv/t3 3^rd pres þirscð past þærsc/þurscon ptp geþorscen to thrash; to thresh, thrash, beat, strike, flog; to thrash corn; to pound, batter;

þerscel [] f (-e/-a) flail, an implement for thrashing corn, a thrashle, threshel

þerscelflór [] f (-a/-a) threshing-floor

þerscold [] m (-es/-as) threshold, border, limit

þerscwald [] m (-es/-as) threshold, border, limit

þerscwold [] m (-es/-as) threshold, border, limit

þerxold [] m (-es/-as) threshold, border, limit

þerxwold [] m (-es/-as) threshold, border, limit

þes see þæs

þés [] masc def art (þéos f, þis n) this; beforan þissum, ǽr þissum before this, formerly; 1. used adjectivally: (1) alone with a noun; (1a) where objects are contrasted, this as opposed to that, one as contrasted with others; (2) with numerals or adjective forms used substantively; (3) where the noun is qualified by an adjective; (3a) with a numeral used adjectivally; 2. used substantively: (1) pointing out a person or an object; (1a) this, the present; (1b) where there is a contrast between two objects, this as opposed to that or the other; (2) where the pronoun refers to that which has been stated; (2a) where the pronoun refers to a statement immediately following

þéster- see þéostor-

þéstrian see þéostrian

þet see þæt

þette see þætte

þéw- see þéow-

þí see þý

þíada see þéoda gen pl of þéod

þicce [] adj thick; 1. of substances, (1) of liquids or moist materials, thick, viscous, solid; (2) of solid material, dense, stiff; 2. of air, cloud, darkness, etc., thick, dense, hazy, gloomy; 3. where objects are placed close together, thick, dense; 3a. growing thickly, abundant, numerous; 4. marking dimension, (1) in a general sense, thick, stout, deep; (2) of more exact measurement, thick; 5. see þiccet

þicce [] adv 1. marking closeness in the texture or composition of a whole, closely, thickly; 2. marking closeness of separate objects, thickly, densly, closely; 3. marking action that occurs with frequency or with little intermission, often, frequently; 4. marking abundance, thickly; 5. see þiccet

þiccet [] n (-tes/-tu) thick bushes, thicket; a place where there is dense growth[þicce]

þiccian [] wv/t2, wv/i2 to thicken; crowd together; to make or become thick, of persons, to throng

þiccnes see þicnes

þiccol [] adj fat, corpulent

þiccul [] adj fat, corpulent

þicfeald [] adj dense, close

þicgan¹ [] sv/t5 3^rd pres þigeð past þeah/þǽgon ptp geþegen 1. to take, receive, accept; 2. to take food, poison, medicine, etc., to eat or drink, consume, partake of; swǽsende/swǽsenda ~ to take food; weak verb in West Saxon

þiclíce [] adv thickly, often, continually, frequently, in large numbers, in great numbers, in quick succession

þicnes [] f (-se/-sa) 1. referring to the consistency of matter, thickness, viscosity, density, hardness; 2. referring to the lack of transparency, thickness, obscurity, cloud, darkness; 3. thicket; 4. referring to dimension, thickness, depth, a thick body, anything thick or heavy (as clouds or rain)

þíd- see þéod-

þídan see þyddan

þider [] adv thither, whither, on that side, where motion is expressed or implied; 1. as absolute demonstrative, thither, to that place; 1a. in an indefinite sense; 2. as antecedent; 3. in correlative clauses, thither…whither; 4. where antecedent and relative are contained in the one form, to the place which, whither; 5. as a relative, whither; hider and ~ or hidres þidres/þædres hither and thither

þidercyme [] m (-es/-as) a coming hither

þidergeond [] adv thither

þiderinn [] adv therein, into that place; (1) where motion is expressed or implied; (2) of other relations

þiderléodisc [] adj to that people, of that people, native

þiderweard [] adv thitherwards, thither, in that direction, towards that place or point

þiderweardes [] adv thitherwards, thither, in that direction, towards that place or point

þidres see þider

þíed- see þéod-

þieder see þider

þíef- see þéof-

þíefefeoh [] n (-féos/-) stolen goods

þíefð [] f (-e/-a) theft, act of thieving; what is stolen, stolen goods, theft; (þéoft); [þéof]

þíen see þýn

þíende see þéonde

þíenen see þínen

þienga see þinga, gen pl of þing

þíestr- see þéostr-

þíf- see þíef-, þýf-

þífeþorn [] m (-es/-as) buckthorn

þigde past 1^st, 3^rd sing of þicgan

þigede past 1^st, 3^rd sing of þicgan

þigen [] 1. f (-e/-a) receiving, taking (of food or drink), partaking, eating, drinking; what is taken, food, meat, or drink [þicgan]; 2. past participle of þéon 1, and þicgan

þigeð pres 3^rd sing of þicgan

þiging [] f (-e/-a) the taking of anything to eat or drink, eating or drinking

þignan [] wv/t1b to eat

þignen see þínen

þígon past pl of þéon 1

þíh see þéoh

þíhsl see þísl

þíht [] adj tight, firm, strong

þiht see maga~, mete~ and thight

þihtig see þyhtig

þíhð pres 3^rd sing of þéon 1

þil- see þyl-

þilian [] wv/t2 to plank, lay with planks as in making a bridge, board over [Ger dielen]

þilic see þyllic

þiling [] f (-e/-a) boarding, flooring, floor, somethingn composed of planks; table

þille [] n (-es/-u) thin board, plank, flooring, boarding [Ger diele]

þillian see þilian

þillic see þyllic

þimiama [] m (-n/-n) incense [L thymiama]

þín [] 1. gen pron of thou; gen sing of þu; 2. adj pron thine, thy; 3. see þigen 1

þínan [] wv/t1b to grow moist

þinc see þing

þincan [] see 1. þyncan; 2. þencan

þindan [] sv/t3 3^rd pres þindeð past þand/þundon ptp geþunden to swell, swell up; (wrongly, through confusion btw. tabescere and tumescere) melt, pass away; be angry; figurative, to swell with indignation, pride, etc.

þínen [] f (-ne/-na) female servant, female attendant, maid-servant, handmaid; midwife [þegn]

þing [] n (-es/-) thing, creature; object, property; cause, motive, reason; lawsuit; event, affair, act, deed, enterprise; condition, circumstances; contest, discussion, meeting, council, assembly; court of justice; point, respect; mid nánum ~um adv not at all; for his ~um for his sake; for þisum ~um for this reason; be fullum ~um abundantly; ǽnige ~a anyhow, in any way, somehow; raðost ~a at the earliest; ælces ~es entirely, in every respect; oferdóne ~ excesses

þingan [] sv/t3 3^rd pres þingeð past þang/þungon ptp geþungen, wv/t1b to invite, address

þingere¹ [] m (-es/-as) advocate, intercessor, mediator; priest, who in his office intercedes for people

þingestre [] f (-an/-an) female advocate, mediatrix

þinggemearc² [] n (-es/-) reckoning of time, allotted time, measuring (time) by events

þingian [] wv/t2 w.d. to beg, pray, ask, ask favor, intercede for; covenant, conciliate, compound with, settle; prescribe; wv/r2 to reconcile oneself (with); determine, purpose, design, arrange; talk, harangue

þingian [] wv/t2 1. w.d. to beg, pray, ask, intercede for, ask favor, supplicate, plead, intervene; (1) absolute; (2) to intercede for a person (w.d. or for w.d. or a.); (3) to ask for (for + acc) a person that some favor may be granted (clause); (4) to intercede, plead before a person; (5) to intercede for a person (w.d., or for + dat, acc) to or with another (tó, mid, wið); (6) to make intercession to (tó) a person that something may be granted (clause); 1a. referring to intercession to the Deity; 2. to make terms, settle, (1) absolute; (2) to settle a dispute; (3) to settle the terms of an agreement, to agree that…; (4) to settle with (wið) a person, to come to terms, be reconciled; (5) to make terms for; (6) to make terms for a person (dat. or for) with (wið) another, to reconcile; 3. to settle to do something, to determine; 4. to speak, discourse; 4a. with géan, ongéan, wið, to address, accost;

þingléas [] adj free (from sin or crime), exempt

þingrǽden [] f (-ne/-na) intercession, pleading, mediation, intervention, advocacy

þingstede² [] m (-es/-as) place of assembly, place where a meeting is held

þingstów [] f (-e/-a) meeting-place, place of council; place where ways meet, village; market

þingum [] adv purposely; instrumental pl of þing

þingung¹ [] f (-e/-a) advocacy, intercession, mediation, intervention

þinn- see þynn-

þínne acc sing masc of þín 2

þínnen see þínen

þinra see þynra, comparative of þynne

þínra, gen pl of þín 2

þint pres 3^rd sing of þindan

þío see þéo

þio- see þeo-

þír [] f (-e/-a) a female servant [ON þir]

þird- see þrid-

þíre see þínre, gen dat sing fem of þín 2

þirel see þyrel

þirl- see þyrl-

þirnet see þyrniht

þirran [] wv/t1a to dry, wipe

þirsceflór see þersceflór

þirscelflór see þersceflór

þirscwald see þerscold

þirst see þurst

þis [] neut nominative dem pron this; gen þises, þisses; dat þisum, þissum; instr þýs, þís; for ~sum þingum for this reason

þisa see þissa, gen pl of þés

þisan see þisum, dat sing masc, neut of þés

þises gen sing masc, neut of þés

þísl [] f (-e/-a) wagon-pole, pole, shaft [Ger deichsel]

þísle [] f (-an/-an) wagon-pole, pole, shaft [Ger deichsel]

þislic see þyllic

þism see dism

þisne acc sing of þés

þison see þisum, dat sing masc, neut of þés

þissa gen pl of þés

þisse gen dat sing fem of þés

þissere gen dat sing fem of þés

þisson dat sing masc, neut, and dat pl of þés

þissum dat sing masc, neut, and dat pl of þés

þistel [] m (þistles/þistlas) thistle

þistelgeblǽd [] n (-es/-) blister caused by thistle

þistelléag [] m (-es/-as) thistle-covered meadow?

þisteltwige [] f (-an/-an) goldfinch or some other bird that eats thistle-down

þísternes see þéostornes

þístr- see þéostr-

þístra [] m (-n/-n) trace, article of harness?

þisum, dat sing masc, neut, dat pl of þés

þiðer see þider

þiustra see þéostor

þíw- see þýw-, þéow-

þíxl see þísl

þó [] f (-n/-n) clay, loam [Ger ton]

þocerian [] wv/t2 to run up and down, run about

þocrian [] wv/t2 to run up and down, run about

þoddettan [] wv/t1b to strike, push, batter

þoden [] n (-ne/-nu), m (þodnes/þodnas) whirlwind, high wind, whirlpool, violent wind

þódor see þóðor

þoft [] f (-e/-a) bench for rowers

þofte [] f (-an/-an) bench for rowers

þoftrǽden¹ [] f (-ne/-na) fellowship

þoftscipe [] m (-es/-as) companionship, fellowship; alliance; intimacy

þóh see tóh

þóhe [] f (-an/-an) clay

þóhiht [] adj clayey

þóht¹ [] m (-es/-as), n (-es/-) process of thinking, thought; mind; a thought, idea, purpose; decree; compassion, viscera

þóhte past 3^rd sing of þencan

þóiht [] adj clayey

þol [] m (-es/-as) thole or thowl, oar-pin, a peg in the side of a boat to keep the oar in place

þolebyrde [] adj patient, long-suffering, bearing patiently

þolebyrdnes [] f (-se/-sa) endurance, patience, long-suffering

þolemód see þolmód

þolian [] wv/t2 to thole, suffer, endure, undergo; 1. to suffer what is evil, punishment, reproach, illness, grief, etc.; 1a. to suffer, undergo, submit to discipline, treatment, allow; 1b. of things which are used to do hard work; 2. to suffer a person, bear with, tolerate a condition of things, let come to pass; 3. w.g. to suffer lack or loss of something, to lose what one has, lack, to fail to get what one desires; in many cases the loss or failure is the result of wrong either done or suffered by the subject of a verb, to forfeit, dispense with, be (wrongfully) deprived of; 3a. with a preposition; 4. wv/i2 to hold out, exercise endurance, endure, not to give in, persevere; of things, to last, continue to be serviceable; remain, survive; fréotes ~ to be reduced to slavery; héafdes ~ to forfeit life

þoll see þol

þolle [] f (-an/-an) instrument on which a martyr was burned, saucepan, frying pan

þolmód [] 1. adj forbearing, patient, of a patient disposition, endurance; 2. m (-es/-as) patience?

þolmódnes [] f (-se/-sa) forbearance, patience, endurance, long-suffernig

þolo- see þol-, þole-

þolung [] f (-e/-a) passion

þon [] 1. instrumental singular of sé; 2. adv then, now; thence; (in negative clauses, with comparatives) in comparison with; inasmuch as, when; æfter ~ after that; ǽr ~ before that (antequam); nó ~ lange… not long until; tó ~ to that extent, so that, after that; 3 see þonne; 3. then, from that time, after that; 4. so, as; ~ ǽr þe as soon as; 5. with comparatives, in negative sentences; (a) with adjectives, (α) followed by þonne or þe, any; (α1) where þon is preceded by wihte, any at all; (β) where the comparative takes the dative before it; (γ) where neither particle nor case follows the comparative; (b) with adverbs, (α) followed by þe; (β) without þe; (β1) where áwiht or wuhte precedes þon, any at all

þón see þǽm

þonan see þanon

þonc see þanc

þone [] masc acc def art the, that; accusative masculine form of sé

þonécan see þanécan

þonen see þanon

þong see þanc

þonne [] adv, conj then; therefore, wherefore; yet; while, when; thereafter, henceforth; rather than; since; although; (with comparatives) than; ~…þonne when…then; ~ hwæðere yet, nevertheless; ~ gýt as yet, even; ~ þe since; generally if the subject follows the verb the word is to be rendered by then, if the subject precedes the verb, by when [þonne and þa differ in force; the former is used where the time of an action is indefinite, and is found with the future, the indefinite present, and the indefinite past; the latter is used where a definite action has taken place]; a. demonstrative, then: 1. of time, then, at that time; 2. marking order or sequence, then, after that, (1) of time; (2) of place or position; 2a. marking addition, yet, besides; 3. marking the succession of subjects treated of in narrative, then, again; 4. in a clause that is a qualification or contrast to a preceding clause, then, yet, but; 4a. in an interrogative clause; 5. marking a conclusion, inference, or result based on a previous statement, then, therefore, consequently; 6. marking a consequence dependent upon a hypothesis, then, in that case; (a) where the hypothesis is expressed in a clause introduced by gif; (b) where the hypothesis is otherwise expressed; (c) where the hypothesis is implied; 6a. in questions, and referring to a condition contained in another sentence, then, in that case; b. relative, when: 1. of time; (1) of the time of a single action in the future; (2) referring to the times of an action which may occur an indefinite number of times, when, at such times as; (3) where the order in time of two circumstances is to be marked, when, after; 2. denoting a cause, when, since, seeing that; 2a. in questions denoting the cause or reason for that not being done about which the question asks; 3. although; 4. denoting condition, case, when, the case in which; c. correlative, ~…þonne then…when, when…then; d. after comparatives, than: 1. where the comparison is between two different objects, (1) where the objects are expressed by single words or phrases; (1a) where there is a negative with the comparative; (2) where one or each object is expressed by a clause; (2a) where there is a negative with the comparative; (2b) in questions; 2. where the comparison is between the same object under different conditions; 3. where the comparative with þonne may be rendered by the positive preceded by too and followed by for with an infinitive or by an infinitive; 4. where the adjective is in the positive, and the comparative required by þonne must be inferred.

þonon see þanon

Þor [] m (-es/-as) Thor, the Scandinavian form of a name which in English is Þunor

þorf see þeorf

þorfa [] 1. m (-n/-n) a needy person; 2. adj destitute, poor

þorfan [] wv/t1b 3^rd pres þorfð past þorfte ptp geþorft to need

þorfæst [] adj useful [þearf]

þorfend see þearfend

þorfnian variant of þornian

þorfte past 3^rd sing of þurfan

þorh see þurh

þorhniht see þorniht

þorléas [] adj useless [þearf]

þorn [] m (-es/-as) thorn, thorn-bush; name of the rune for þ

þorngeblǽd [] n (-es/-) blister caused by a thorn

þorngrǽfe [] f (-an/-an) thorn-copse

þornian [] wv/t2 to lose [þorfnian?]

þornig [] adj thorny

þorniht [] adj thorny (1)

þorneht [] adj thorny (2)

þornehte [] adj thorny (3)

þorning [] m (-es/-as) thorny place

þornrǽw [] f (-e/-a) row of thorn-bushes

þornrind [] f (-e/-a) thorn-bark

þornstybb [] m (-es/-as) stump of a thorn-tree

þornþýfel [] m (-þýfles/- þýflas) thorn bush

þorof see þeorf

þorp [] m (-es/-as) farm; village

þorscen past part of þerscan

þost [] m (-es/-as) dung, ordure

þoterian [] wv/t2 to cry, howl, lament, wail

þoterung [] f (-e/-a) groaning, wailing, crying, howling

þotor- see þoter-

þotr- see þoter-

þóð see þéah 1

þóðer [] m (þóðres/þóðras) ball, sphere

þóðor [] m (þóðres/þóðras) ball, sphere

þox see dox

þrá see þréa

þracian [] wv/t2 to fear, dread, shun

þracu² [] f (-e/-a) 1. not in a bad sense, power, force; 2. in a bad sense, pressure, fury, storm, violence; onrush, attack; [dat sing þræce]

þrafian [] wv/t2 to restrain, reprove, rebuke, correct; urge, push, press; demand

þrafung [] f (-e/-a) reproof, correction, rebuke, censure

þrág [] f (-e/-a) 1. space of time, time, while, period, season; 2. having reference to the condition of things at any time, time as in good, bad, hard, etc. times, evil times; occasion; paroxysm; ~e for a time, some time, long time; ~um at times, sometimes; ealle ~e all the time, continually; sume ~e at times

þrágbysig [] adj long busy?, occupied for a time?, periodically employed?

þráglic [] adj long-continued

þrágmǽl [] n (-es/-) unhappy time

þrágmǽlum² [] adv at times, sometimes, at intervals, from time to time

þráh see þrág

þráll see þréal, þrǽl

þrang past 3^rd sing of þringan

þráwan¹ [] sv/t7 3^rd pres þrǽwð past þréow/on ptp geþráwen to turn, twist, curl; twist, rack, torture; sv/i7 to twist, turn around, (1)

þráwere [] m (-es/-as) perverse person

þráwingspinl [] f (-e/-a) crisping-pin, curling-iron

þráwu see þréa

þræc¹ [] n (-es/þracu) throng; pressure, force, violence; equipment

þræcful? [] adj strong

þræcheard [] adj brave in battle

þræchwíl [] f (-e/-a) time of misery, time of suffering, hard time

þræcian see þracian

þræcróf [] adj keen in fight, valiant

þræcswald see þerscold

þræcwíg [] m (-es/-as) violent combat, hard fighting

þræcwudu [] m (-a/-a) spear

þrǽd [] m (-es/-as) thread

þræft [] n (-es/-) contentiousness; quarrel, dispute, contention, chiding

þrǽgan¹ [] wv/i1b to run

þrǽging see þréagung

þrǽl [] m (-es/-as) serf, thrall, slave, servant

þrǽlriht [] n (-es/-) serf’s right, thrall right; in pl, the legal rights and privileges which belonged to the thrall

þrǽs [] ? (-?/-?) fringe, hem, border

þrǽscan see þrǽstan

þræsce see þrysce

þræst see dærst

þrǽstan¹ [] wv/t1b to writhe, twist, roll about, press, force; crush, oppress, torment, torture, constrain, bind, harass, plague, afflict; destroy; to press, constrain

þrǽstnes [] f (-se/-sa) trouble, pain, grief; ge~ contrition

þrǽstung [] f (-e/-a) affliction, torment

þrǽwen see þráwen past part of þráwan

þrǽwung see þréagung

þræxwold see þerscold

þré see þréo

þréa [] 1. m (-n/-n), f (-n/-n), n (-?/-?) threat, menace, abuse; rebuke, reproof, threat, castigation; chastisement, correction, punishment, an infliction that has been deserved, justifiable severity; an infliction (where no idea has been implied), evil, ill, pang, plague, calamity, affliction; oppression, attack; calamity, throe; [þréowan]; 2. imperat of þréagan

þreacs see þreax

þréade past 1^st, 3^rd sing of þréagan

þréagan¹ [] wv/t1b to rebuke, reprove, reproach, chastise, correct, punish; to punish one who deserves punishment, to chastise by way of discipline, with a view to amend, to chasten, correct; threaten, menace; of undeserved punishment, attack, oppress, torture, torment, distress, afflict, vex, harass; where the subject of the verb is not a person

þréagend [] m (-es/-) reprover, one who reproves or corrects

þréagung [] f (-e/-a) reproof, rebuke; threat, threatening; chastisement, punishment; correction

þréaung [] f (-e/-a) reproof, rebuke; threat, threatening; chastisement, punishment; correction

þreahs see þreax

þréal [] 1. f (-e/-a) discipline, correction, punishment; reproof; correction by acts, chastisement, punishment, discipline; threat; 2. see þrǽl

þréalic² [] adj severe, terrible, calamitous, miserable, woeful

þréan see þréagan

þréanéd see þréaníed

þréang see þréagung

þréaníed² [] f (-e/-e) affliction, misery, distress, calamity; force or compulsion that punishes or causes misery, affliction that comes from punishment

þréaníedla² [] m (-n/-n) affliction, misfortune; painful constraint, restraint of punishment, oppression

þréaníedlic [] adj calamitous, that entails painful violence, afflictive

þréanýd see þréaníed

þréap [] m (-es/-as) troop, band

þréapian [] wv/t2 to reprove, correct, reprehend

þréapung [] f (-e/-a) reproof, rebuke

þréaswinge [] f (-an/-an) chastisement

þréat [] 1. m (-es/-as) crowd, host, troop, band, body of people, swarm, press, throng; violence, compulsion, force, oppression, punishment, ill-treatment, coercion, calamity; threatening?; 2. past 3^rd sing of þréotan

þréatend [] m (-es/-) violent person, one using violence or compulsion

þréatian [] wv/t2 to urge, press, (1) to oppress, afflict, vex, trouble, exercise, force, attack, harass; (2) to urge a person to something, press for something, force to do something; threaten; reprove, rebuke, check

þréatmǽlum [] adv in swarms, in troops, in crowds

þréatnes [] f (-se/-sa) affliction, tribulation

þréatnian see þréatian

þréatung [] f (-e/-a) compulsion, force, violence, oppression, ill-treatment; rebuke, reproof, correction; threatening, compulsion, ill-usage

þréaung see þréagung

þréaw past 3^rd sing of þréowan

þréawend see þrówend

þréaweorc [] n (-es/-) misery [OS], pain inflicted as a punishment

þréawian¹ [] wv/t2 to rebuke, chastise, correct, punish; threaten, menace; attack, oppress, torture, afflict, vex, harass

þréawung see þréagung

þreax [] ? (-?/-?) rottenness, rubbish, refuse; [ON þrekkr]

þrec see þræc

þrece [] m (-es/-as) force, violence, oppression; weariness [þracu]

þreclic [] adj terrible

þrecswald see þerscold

þréd see þrǽd

þrefe [] ? (-?/-?) a measure of corn or fodder

þrégian see þrǽgan

þrehtig see þrohtig

þremm see þrymm

þréo var of þríe

þreo- see þri-

þreodian [] wv/t2 to think over, deliberate, take thought; deliberate, hesitate; meditate; ge~ resolve

þreodung [] f (-e/-a) deliberation, consideration; scruple, hesitation

þreohtig see þrohtig

þréohund [] 1. n (-es/-u) three hundred; 2. num three hundred; ordinal þréohundtéontigoða

þréohundwintre [] adj of the age of three hundred years, three hundred years old

þreom dat of þríe

þréoniht [] f (-e/-) period of three days; [gen/dat sing ~e; gen/dat pl ~a/~um]

þréora gen of þríe

þréostru see þéostru

þréot see þréat

þréotan [] sv/t2 3^rd pres þríeteð past þréat/þruton ptp geþroten to vex, weary

þréotéoða [] adj thirteenth

þréotíene [] num thirteen; ordinal þréotéoða

þréotíenegéare [] adj thirteen years old

þréott- see þréot-

þréow [] 1. past 3^rd sing of þráwan; 2. see þríe

þréowian see þrówian

þreoxwold see þerscold

þrep? [] ? (-?/-?) fornix (drep)

þrepel [] m (þreples/þreplas) a torture instrument of three stakes, instrument of torture, cross? [þréapian]

þrepel see þrypel

þreréðre see þriréðre

þrés see þrǽs

þrescan see þerscan

þrescold see þerscold

þrescwald see þerscold

þrést- see þrǽst-

þrét [] 1. see þréat; 2. see þrǽd

þréung see þréaung

þrex see þreax

þrex- see þersc-

þrí see þríe

þria see þriwa

þribeddod [] adj three-bedded, having three couches

þriccan see þryccan

þridæglic [] adj lasting three days

þridǽled [] adj tripartite, divided into three parts

þridda [] adj third; þridde healf 2 ½; marking degrees of relationship: ~ fæder great-grandfather; ~ módor great-grandmother

þriddandǽl [] m (-es/-as) third part

þriding see þreodung

þríe [] num three; ordinal þridda; masc ~; fem, neut þréo; genitive þréora; dative þrim, þreom; used as adjective, noun

þrie- see þri-

þríestre see þrístre adv

þríetan [] wv/t1b to weary; force, urge, press

þrifeald [] adj three-fold, triple

þrifealdlic [] adj three-fold, triple; adv ~líce in three ways, triply

þrifeoðor see þrifeðor

þriféte [] adj three-footed, having three foot

þrifeðor [] adj triangular

þrifingre [] adj three fingers broad or thick (referring to the fat of swine), by a distance equal to the breadth of three fingers

þriflére [] adj three-storied

þrifótad [] adj three-footed

þrifótede [] adj three-footed

þrifyldan [] wv/t1b to triplicate

þrifyrede [] adj three-furrowed

þrig see þríe

þriga see þriwa

þrigǽrede [] adj cloven into three parts, three-pronged

þrigéare [] 1.