War of 1812 > Nationalism!
- Expressed in literature and art (landscapes)
- Stephan Decatur: "Our country, right or wrong!"
- Tariff of 1816: 1st Protective Tariff (20-25%)
Henry Clay's American System
1. Protective tariff for New England
2. Revenues would provide funds for roads and canals in the west
3. Foodstuffs/raw materials would then flow from the South and west to the north and east
^ Opposed by New England and Presidents Madison/Monroe
1816: James Monroe (R) elected President > " Era of Good Feelings"
1819: Missouri applies for statehood as a slave state > Tallmadge Amendment >Southern fears of losing influence in the federal government
1820 - Missouri Compromise:
1. Maine admitted as a free state
2. Missouri admitted as a slave state
3. No slavery north of 36 30' in remainder of the Louisiana Territory
> Increased southern sectionalism
John Marshall's Supreme Court (a "molding" father)
- Shaped the Constitution in the direction of a more potent central government as the expenses of States' rights
1819 - McCulloch v. Maryland
- Denied the right of Maryland to tax the Bank of the U.S. (" The power to tax involves the power to destroy")
1810 - Fletcher v. Peck
- Protected property rights ("A contract is a contract is a contract") of speculators in a Georgia land sale
Nationalism reflected also in foreign policy under Secretary of State: John Quincy Adams
Treaty of 1818: 49 Parallel established as northern boundary of Louisiana Territory
10 year joint occupation of the Oregon country
Jackson's military exploits against the Indians in Spanish Florida led to the:
Florida Purchase Treaty of 1819: Spain ceded Florida > U.S.
Concern over Russian expansion in Alaska, Oregon, and even California led to:
1823 - The Monroe Doctrine:
1. The Era of Colonization in the Americas had ended
2. No more European intervention in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere
* Expressed an increasing American sense of isolationism from world affairs
* No contemporary significance because the U.S. could not enforce it.
1824: Russo-American Treaty fixed the 54 40' as the southern boundary of Russian Alaska