Jeffersonian Democracy: The people should be governed as little as possible
Jacksonian Democracy: Whatever governing was to be done should be done directly by the people
The New Democracy:
- Government should be in the hands of the common people
- Based on the universal white manhood suffrage
Cause of this New Democracy:
- Panic of 1819 > Resentment at the government-granted privileges of the banks
- Missouri Compromise > Awakening of many Southerners to the importance of politics
Election of 1824:
Jackson (R) v. Clay (R) v. Crawford (R) v. Adams (R)
*Note: John C. Calhoun was the vice-presidential candidate on both the Adams & Jackson tickets
Jackson won the most popular vote but not a majority of the electoral vote > vote in the House of Representatives
House elected John Quincy Adams as president > charge of a "Corrupt Bargain" since Adams appointed Clay as Secretary of State
1828 - The "Tariff of Abominations" increased tariffs to 45%
> John C. Calhoun's South Carolina exposition which denounced the tariff as unjust and unconstitutional and called on southern states to declare it "Null and Void"
Election of 1828:
John Quincy Adams (National Republican) v. Andrew Jackson (Democratic-Republican)
*Another peaceful revolution (quote on p.241)
Jackson as President
1. Called for a "Rotation in Office" or the so-called Spoils System
2. The "kitchen cabinet"
3. Peggy Eaton affair. Resignation of VP Calhoun who then became a defender of southern sectionalism
4. Vetoed the Maysville Road (KY) bill because of his states' rights views
5. Webster-Hayne debate (1830):
Nationalism v. Nullification
Jefferson Day Banquet (1830)
Jackson: "Our union: it must be preserved!"
Calhoun: "The Union, next to our liberty, most dear!"