Filipino Insurrection was finally broken in 1901 which led to President McKinley's policy of "Benevolent Assimilation" (Economic Aid , Health Care, Education). But the Filipinos hated compulsory Americanization). Independence on July 4, 1946
Economic Division of China into spheres of influence) John Hay's open door policy (1899) to guarantee free trade
1900 - Boxer Rebellion in China > Multinational Military Invasion of China > U.S. Expanded the Open Door Policy to guarantee the territorial integrity of China
1900 - Election: McKinley ( R) v. Bryan (D)
Republican's VP Nominee was Teddy Roosevelt who was the Governor of New York
Democrats proclaimed that the " Paramount" issue was Republican overseas Imperialism
Republicans replied that " Bryanism" was the issue
September 1901 - McKinley was assassinated by a deranged anarchist
Teddy Roosevelt succeeded to the Presidency with his high energy level, colossal ego, self-confidence and self-righteousness
Roosevelt was a direct-actionist who believed that the President should lead!
Spanish-American War emphasized the need for a canal through Central America
1901 - Hay-Pauncefote Treaty gave the U.S. a free hand to build a canal (without Great Britain)
Nicaragua v. Panama Debate
November 3, 1903 - Panamanian Revolution against Colombia was supported by the U.S.which led to the Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty (U.S. given a perpetual lease on the Panama Canal zone
* Cowboy Diplomacy/Bulling Big Brother - "Damn the law, I want the canal built!"
The fact that many Latin American countries were chronically in debt led to European intervention
Roosevelt therefore devised a policy of "Preventive Intervention" called the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine > U.S. became the policeman of the Caribbean which was turned into a "Yankee Lake" ("We shall intervene to prevent you from intervening." )
> Left a legacy of ill will and distrust of the U.S. in Latin America who saw us as a "Bad Neighbor"
1904 - Russo-Japanese War began in Manchuria
1905 - A conference was organized in Portsmouth, New Hampshire by Roosevelt to work out a settlement by which Japan received the southern half of Sakhalin Island >Nobel Peace Prize for T.R. in 1906
By 1906 about 70,000 Japanese immigrants lived along the Pacific Coast > segregated schools in San Francisco > Japanese outrage
1907-1908 - "Gentleman's Agreement": SF repealed its order to segregate in return for the Japanese Agreement to stop the flow of immigrants
1908 - Root-Takahira Agreement: the U.S. and Japan agreed to respect each other's territorial possessions in the Pacific