World War II Strategy: Get Hitler First !
Relocation of Japanese-Americans
Economic Policies:
War Production Board - Assigned priorities for the use of raw materials and transportation facilities
-Authorized the production of synthetic rubber
Office of Price Administration - Controlled inflation by rationing essential goods
War Labor Board - Set ceilings on wage increases and protected Blacks from employment discrimination in war industries
- Labor unions substantially increased their membership
War's impact on women and Blacks
Tensions over employment, housing, and segregated facilities led A Philip Randolph to call for a " Negro march on Washington" in 1941 > Creation of a Fair Employment Practices Commission
The Home Front: Depression ended: > " Warfare - Welfare State "
Cost of the war : $330 Billion (3/5 of which was borrowed)
War with Japan : (1) Battle of the Coral Sea ( First battle in history where all the fighting was done by carrier-based aircraft (2) Battle of Midway which turned the tide of Japan's conquest of the Pacific (3) Conquest of Guam enabled the U.S. to bomb the home islands of Japan
War with Germany: (1) Battle of Stalingrad stopped Germany's advance into Russia and turned the tide (2) Battle of El Alamein stopped Germany's advance in Africa (3) Invasion of Italy forced Germany from the Mediterranean Sea
Wartime Conferences:
Casablanca Conference (Jan. 1943) - "Unconditional Surrender" was established as our war aim
Teheran Conference (Dec. 1943) - Plans were made for the opening of a second front in Europe > D-Day, Invasion of Normandy (June 6, 1944) led by General Eisenhower
F.D.R dies on April 12, 1945 - Truman takes over
Germany surrendered on May 7, 1945 (V-E Day)
Potsdam Conference (July, 1945) ultimatum sent to Japan to "surrender or be destroyed":
Japan's refusal led to Truman's decision to drop an atomic bomb on Hiroshima (Aug 6, 1945) and Nagasaki (Aug 9, 1945)
Japan stopped fighting on August 10 and formally surrendered on September 2, 1945 (V-J Day)