THE DIARY OF WILLIAM BROOKS NORTHCUTT
Copyright Kentucky Historical Society--used by permission granted
2/15/2000. The document is the property of the Kentucky
Historical Society and may not be used in whole or in part for
monetary gain.
Originally published in the Societies scholarly journal "The
Register" in three installments in 1958.
Wm. B. Northcutt was the son of Benjamin Northcutt and Winnie
Brooks Northcutt, daughter of Thos. Brooks of Fauquler Co.,
Virginia. Wm. Brooks Northcutt was born Jan. 19, 1790 in Fauquier
Co; Va; and lived in Virginia until he was between seven and
eight years of age when his father moved to Kentucky in the
spring of 1797 and settled in Bourbon County, Kentucky and from
there he moved to Fayette County and from there to Harrison
County, Kentucky where in 1800 my mother died from the bite of a
spider and left behind her five small children; the oldest ten
years of age and the youngest three weeks of age; all of them
under the care of my father's mother; quite an old lady to raise
the infant by hand.
The old lady stayed with us until father married again which was
sometime in Jan. 1801, to a Miss Rachel Leathers of Woodford
County, Kentucky. Then began my earthly troubles for my
step-mother paid very little attention to the baby and my old
grandmother left us and went to live with her daughter and the
care of the child was put on me which was a sore trial for a boy
of ten years of age. While my Mother lived I had not done much
but go to school she started me to school at four years of age
and kept me going every opportunity until she died which put an
end to my schooling until I was free from my father.
Before I was five years of age I could read every chapter in the
Bible which was a marvel to the neighbors that so small a boy
could read so well.
My father moved from Virginia on pack horses and I rode a pack
horse all the way over the mountains to Redstone Fort now
Brownsville, and there father bought a flat bottomed boat and put
all on board and we landed at Limestone now Maysville, Kentucky.
He then put us all on horseback again and we landed in Bourbon
County, Kentucky in May 1797.
In the fall of 1808, my father bought land in Campbell County,
Ky, in the woods and built a house on it and in Jan. 1809 moved
into it. He had six boys and I was the oldest.
When I was about nineteen years of age he said that he was going
to set all of his boys free at twenty years of age and told me
that if I would make him a certain number of fence rails that I
might be free; accordingly in the spring of 1809 I set in to make
the rails and in the month of October finished my task and got my
freedom, and in 1810 left Campbell County and went to Bourbon
County, and set in with a gentleman by the name of Jas.
Hutchinson in the distilling business, which I had learned from
my father and was complete master of. I averaged him three
gallons of whiskey to the bushel of grain that he furnished me
the first season, which pleased him so that he enlarged his
Distillery and I worked with him two or three seasons until the
War of 1812 with Great Britain. In the spring of 1812 I had
entered school for three months to a young man by the name of
Harrison, but before the three months were out we both
volunteered in the Army and the school broke up; he volunteered
in Mauriel Langhams Company of Rifle men for six months and I
volunteered in Capt. Garrards troop of twelve months "Light
Dragoons, and was attached to Jas. V Balls Squadron of United
States Light Dragoons; On the 20th of August 1812, we
rendezvoused at Georgetown, Scott County, Ky., and took up our
line of March for Maiden, Upper Canada. There were three
Regiments of Infantry for six months, and our troop of horse for
twelve months that left Georgetown together under the command of
Brigadier General Payne; the whole commanded by General Wm. H.
Harrison.
We started for the wars with high spirits but poor fellows few if
any of us anticipated what awaited us for few of us knew what a
soldiers life was but I guess before we got back some of us found
out what it was to be a soldier. I often told my mess-mate that I
was as good a patriot as any one in the Army for I had come into
the Service with all I had possessed when I left Campbell County
for Bourbon County. I left on foot and carried all that I owned
in a small checked handkerchief. The first year I bought a horse
and some clothes and the next year I had saved up a little money
and it took it all to equip me in the troop of horse, that I had
joined. Our uniform was of the finest blue broadcloth, trimmed
with white lace and red scarlet Vest with a jacket of
leather--cap, black cockade with black plume tipped with red and
our horse equipage was very expensive so that it took all that I
had made to equip myself in the Service of my country and I took
all that I had except one suit of clothes with me into the
Service of my country.
Our Company was made up in May but we did not receive marching
orders until about the 10th of August and when the Sergeant came
to give me notice I was on a wheat stack-stacking wheat for Mr.
Hutchinson.
We left Georgetown on the 21st of August 1812 and got as far as
Gauches [?] on the Dry Ridge road and there made our first
encampment. The next night we got to Gaines and I left my company
at Gaines and went about three miles to my fathers to take leave
of them, and there I met a good many of the neighbors that had
come into see a young soldier and tell him farewell. The next
night I met my company at Newport, Ky; there we had the promise
of drawing our Cavalry Arms, but they were not there and the
Captain gave us our choice to draw muskets and go on, or go back
home--we all agreed to draw the long knives, and go on to Maiden.
At Newport we formed our first camp guard by placing out a guard
and when the officer of the guard came around, he played a prank
on one of the Sentinels by asking him for his arms, getting them,
and then putting him under guard.
Our company was composed of the elite of the State young men of
the best families in Kentucky--young merchants, lawyers, and
doctors; the Company was one hundred and six men strong and but
two married men in it; our Captain, himself being an old bachelor
and fifteen more of the same sort--the balance were young men
from 22 years of age down to 16, mere boys. But it said to be the
finest company that left old Kentucky in 1812 for the War. We
stayed at Newport two days and had ours horses valued into the
Service which was done by two Kentuckians at pretty high figures,
and those that lost them without their neglect got paid for them
at their value. I lost mine at the Battle of the Mississinewa
river and received one hundred and twenty-five dollars for it. At
Newport we drew our muskets and cartridge boxes and carried them
about three months when we gave them up and drew our Cavalry arms
and a younger or short rifle; about the 25th of August we crossed
the Ohio river at Cincinnati, and took up our line of march for
Malden, but there we received the unpleasant news of the
surrender of Detroit, by General Hull which news gave us a damper
to our getting to Malden.
Soon we crossed the Ohio river in a flat ferry boat and formed on
the bank of the river to wait for the foot men to cross. Captain
George Graham's Company of United States Regulars were the to
cross over and when they landed the Captain with a long spontoon
in his hand was the first man out when I observed to some of the
boys that the government had made a mistake in appointing a boy
to command a company of regulars for he had the appearance of a
mere boy but it turned out that it was I that was mistaken and
not the Board of War for he proved to be a lion instead of a lamb
for I never saw such generalship displayed anywhere in the war as
was displayed by him at lower Sandusky in the attack that the
British made on that fort on the 2nd of August 1813. I was there
before the dead British were taken out of the ditch and I never
saw such generalship displayed anywhere as was done in the
defense of the fort by this boy Captain and he did it all under
disobedience of orders, for Harrison had ordered him to evacuate
the fort and come to his headquarters at Camp Seneca, Nine miles
above the fort on the Sandusky river.
The ladies of Chillicothe presented him with an elegant sword for
his bravery and, General Harrison--with a red petticoat. The
General received a very nice little box and when he opened it out
jumped the present.
We marched through Cincinnati and went five miles out to Mill
Creek at Hutchinson's Tavern and there encamped awaiting for
orders. We stayed at this encampment two days and while lying
here, their came in a great many of the citizens to see the
troops which was about 2000 strong and amongst the rest an old
Englishman that hollered hurrah for King George and the boys did
not like such music very well and thought they would put a stop
to it; so they caught the old chap and took him up to the Tavern
to the pump where there was a large watering trough and layed him
flat on his back in it and held him there, and pumped water on
him until they cooled him off so that he hurrahed no more for
King George, the third.
While lying here one of our company by the name of Brown beat
their Ohio champion running a foot race, winning several hundred
dollars of their money.
There came one of their citizens to where our company was
encamped with a wagon load of water mellons to sell and the boys
thought that he was asking too much for them and that they would
get them a little cheaper, and accordingly they made a plot to do
so; some four or five of them were to go up to the wagon, and
begin to pick and price the watermelons, while as many more were
to slip them out in the high ironweeds that stood by the
roadside, presently the fellow that who owned the melons found
out what they were up to and started to move off but his wagon
wheels had not more than turned over until his wagon was capsized
and the melons went galloping over the road.
About the first of Sept. 1812 the Indians layed siege to Fort
Wayne then in the Indiana territory and the Kentucky troops under
the command of General Harrison started from their camp at Mill
Creek and went on a forced march to the relief of the fort. We
went by way of Dayton, Ohio and Pickway which was then the
outside town in Ohio and here we drew flints and ammunition, and
went from here by way of St. Marys to Fort Wayne, when we came to
the River St. Mary's-- the boys there found a Kentuckian of
African descent, living in a hut with a white woman; some of the
troop knew him, he belonged to a man in Kentucky; he had runaway
a few years ago and came here and located with the white woman
for his wife. The hard hearted Kentuckians parted them and sent
the boy home to his master and the woman went into the camp as
cook for some of Uncle Sams boys; they use to call her the
Negroes Mammy.
We had a good many false alarms on the way out to Fort Wayne and
a good many killed by accident. It was against general orders to
fire a gun in the ranks but one day as we were marching very
soberly through a thick woods, there was a porcupine lying in the
forks of a tree and one of the footmen up with his gun and fired
and hollered out, accident but down came the porcupine. When the
officer of the day rode up to him and drew his sword over his
head and swore he wanted no more such accidents.
The night before we arrived at Fort Wayne we had a great time
with false alarms; the sentinels were firing and running in all
night crying out the watch word which was, fight on,; we expected
every moment to be attacked by the Indians and that night had
thrown up considerable breastworks and the boys called it
"Fort Fight On". The Indians had out their spies and
they were around us all night and nothing but our numbers kept us
from being attacked by them.
We had to cross a swamp the next morning where old Anthony Wayne
had a battle them in his----Campaign in 93. As soon as we got
through the swamp we came to an Indian encampment with their
fires still burning; our spies had a skirmish with their spies
and wounded one of them--got his gun and blanket but did not get
the Indian.
We arrived at the Fort about 3 o'clock on the evening of Sept.
9th, 1812, to the great joy of the garrison for the Indians had
besieged it for the last two weeks but upon our appearance they
cleared out and left it. After killing two of the Sentinels in
the fort and some of the citizens that lived around the fort and
destroyed all the public stores outside of the fort; all the
stock that belonged to and around the fort. They paid us a visit
that night and stole some of our horses and fired into the camp
nearly all night without killing any one. There was a great many
bullets shot through our tents but no one was hit--they used a
good deal of strategy to get the Fort to surrender--the Capt. of
the garrison became alarmed and wanted to surrender, but the
Lieutenant would not agree to it. The Indians made themselves a
wooden cannon in order to scare them into a surrender; the manner
in which they made the cannon was this; there was a great many
public wagons around the Fort which they destroyed--they took the
hub bands off of the wheels of the wagons and then cut a log of
wood about the size of a cannon and split it open and hollowed it
out with their tomahawks and burned it black--then put the hub
bands on it and mounted it on the hind wheels of a wagon that
they had reserved for the purpose, and brought it up in front of
the fort and demanded a surrender or they would blow them to
pieces but the garrison would not comply with the demand and they
filled it powder and cut loose and away went their artificial
gun. Before we dismiss the Fort Wayne subject I will relate a
little incident that occured the day that we got there. The
Indians had killed two of the Sentinels in the fort in their
sentry boxes and they had buried them inside of the Fort and when
we arrived there they took them out of the fort to the graveyard
and buried them with the honors of war; they were the first that
I had seen shot by the Indians--I stood at the gate of the fort
as they marched out with them and I could not help shedding tears
although they were perfect strangers to me, but before my twelve
months were out I could have slept on a dead soldier--this goes
to prove that a soldier loses his natural feelings and I suppose
that is alright that he should before he becomes fit for a
soldier, for the man that thinks about dying in a battle is not
fit to be there and will not do any good for his country or King.
After staying a day or two at Fort Wayne our company of horse and
Col. Allens Regiment of Riflemen under the immediate command of
General Harrison, left for the Indian towns on the head waters of
the Wabash River; the second day we came to the first town which
was evacuated--they had left a set of blacksmith tools in the
town and a few chickens all of which we captured. There was about
a dozen of the boys took after a chicken to catch it, I stood and
looked on until the boys and the chicken were both pretty well
rundown--I then jumped in and picked up the chicken and run down
to the river with it, dipped it in the water, then picked it and
had it on the fire cooking in a very few minutes.
In this town there was found a fresh Indian grave made in a
manner peculiar to themselves--it was built of small poles and
--?--bed up tight with mortar made of mud--the pen was about
three feet high and four feet wide and lowered with poles and
mortar or mud; in it was found an old Indian lying flat on his
back, wrapt up in a blanket and on his breast sat a tin pan with
a great many silver breaches [?] in it with his gun lying by his
side. The boys tore the top off to look in and while one of them
was stooping down peeping in one of my mess-mates pushed him in
with the old Indian which occasioned a good deal of merriment
with the boys. We destroyed this town and went about 16 miles
lower down the river to another town called the "white
Loon" town--we found it also evacuated; In this town we
found a great deal of corn and vegetables of all kinds; we
destroyed their corn and everything else in their town which we
burned.
Encamped in the edge of the town that night and the next morning
started back for Fort Wayne--we arrived there about the 17th of
Sept. and found a mutiny about to occur in Lewis' Regiment in
regard to Genl. Winchester taking the command of the Kentucky
Volunteers, he being a regular officer the volunteers refused to
be commanded by him and fixed up to come home in a body but
through influence of Genl. Harrison and some of his staff they
were persuaded to go under Winchester who had been sent out by
the "Board of War;" to supercede Harrison in the
command of the Kentucky volunteers, but the boys did not like
him; Harrison was their favorite and could do more with them than
any other living man.
The day before we arrived back at Fort Wayne the detachment that
went out to the St. Joseph towns, composed of Cols. Lewis and
Scott and some Regulars under the command of Col. Wells, the
whole making about twelve hundred men returned to the fort and we
were all put under the command of Genl. Winchester and called the
"North Western Army"; Harrison gave up the command to
Winchester and returned to Cincinnati to attend to some military
business there. The next thing that we hear from Harrison is that
he is appointed Major Genl. over Winchester and sole commander of
the North Western Army which gave to the troops new life and
vigor.
Winchester was ordered from Fort Wayne to Fort Defiance, an old
vacated fort then occupied by the British. We left Fort Wayne
about the 20th of Sept. 1812 with three Regiments of Kentucky
volunteers.
Capt. Wm. Garrads Troop of Horse and some regulars under Col.
Wells crossed the river below the forks at the fort and took the
North side of the River Miami of the Lake; we were then put on
half rations of beef and no flour all the way down to Defiance
which took us ten days to get there; at that point we expected to
meet provisions but when we arrived there they had not arrived as
yet. Col. Jennings who was escorting the provisions became
alarmed at the news of the British being at Defiance and built a
block house on the Agloise [?] river and stored it up. We had a
tedious march from Ft. Wayne to Defiance, the Indians dogged us
all of the way--we had to form the line of battle frequently to
fight them but they always backed out--when we got about half way
down to Defiance, a young officer in the regular service, by the
name of Liggett, from Woodford Co; Ky., asked the general for the
privilege of choosing four of his neighbor boys, volunteers, and
to let them go on ahead of the main army to Defiance to make
discoveries, and to see if the British were there. The Genl.
granted him this request and he chose his four men, neighbor boys
and accordingly they started to go to Defiance but they had not
gotten five miles from where they started until the whole of them
was shot, tomahawked, scalped and most inhumanly and barbarlously
treated by the Indians. We suppose from appearances that they had
been decoyed to the spot where they were killed by the Indians by
scattering plums along a deer path that led down to the river,
for there was plums lying around where they were killed and not a
plum tree in sight. They left camp early in the morning and were
not found until evening of the same day.
A young man by the name Hannon, one of my old Harrison County
playmates, found them, he belonged to Blair Ballards Spies
Company--he came in and reported; the worst scared fellow that I
had ever seen but it was too late to go and bury them that
evening so early the next morning our Troop of Horse and
Ballard's Company of spies was ordered to bury them. A party of
the Indians lay in wait, watching them. Ballards company were a
little distance ahead of our troop and got there first when the
Indians fired on them--when our troop heard the firing they made
a charge and raised the Yell, scared the Indians into a swamp. We
buried the poor fellows all in one grave and returned back to the
army and took our position there which was advance guard and
scouts.
Some of our baggage wagons broke down and the army had to halt to
mend them; our company was at the time some half mile in the
front, they sent orders for us to halt, we halted on the bank of
the river Miami of the Lake.
When some of the boys saw great schools of fish in the river, the
conclusion was to make a bush drag and draw them out--accordingly
we went at it by placing out a guard and the rest went to work
with our tomahawks getting the bush vines and bark and made a
large drag--now for the fish. One of our boys, a six footer by
the name of Moses Richardson, took hold of one end of the vine
and says, "Come on boys now we will have them," and
fetched a bounce into the river and went out of sight, the water
being about 10 ft. deep, we could see the fish so plain, the
water being clear. We never thought of examining the water and so
there was an end to the fishing spree; we left the dragg there
for the amusement of the Indians. A few days after this, one of
the footmen by the name of Hume, was on the bank of the river and
saw a large fish in the water and thought that he must have him
and to make sure of him poked his old musket into the water and
fired at the fish and the result was his gun bursted and tore off
the fools face.
We continued our march down the river until we came within five
miles of the old fort of Defiance and there the main army halted
and sent our company across the river to make discoveries and as
soon as we got over upon reconnoitering the woods we discovered
some fresh wagon tracks and thought they were Jennings escort
with the much desired provisions coming to meet us and reported
back accordingly which occasioned a great shout in the camp for
they were in a starving condition being on half rations of beef
and nothing else for the last ten days, but the shouting hardly
ceased when we discovered our mistake for instead of it being
provisions wagons, the tracks that we saw proved to be the tracks
of the British Cannon carriage tracks that had started from
Defiance to go to Ft. Wayne to assist the Indians in the siege of
that place.
In reconnoitering the woods we found an Indian encampment with
camp fire burning and their liberty pole standing by with owl
feathers and tobacco fastened on the top of it; we cut down their
pole with our tomahawks and found at their camp their conjuring
apparatus consisting of square pieces of bark all marked in a
singular manner, on scouring the woods I found a half barrel of
gunpowder concealed in some bushes and reported it to my
commanding officer. The British had got item of our coming and
turned back in a hurry and hid their ammunition and sunk their
cannon in the river. In the evening of that day, Winchester
crossed the river at this point and encamped with the whole of
his army five miles above Defiance. The next day after crossing
the river our troop of horse was sent down to the old fort to
make discoveries and another company of spies mounted on pack and
wagon horses had gone on ahead of us and arrived there before we
did--they not knowing of our going nor we of theirs when they saw
us at a great distance took us to be British light horse and we
took them to be Indians mounted, they broke to run and we took
after them and gave them a good chase before we found the
mistake--it was diverting to see them whipping-spurring and
looking back.
In the evening we all got back to camp and had a merry time over
the race.
At this camp we had a good many curious incidents, they court
marshalled one of Longhorn's Company by the name of Edwards, for
going to sleep out on his post--that they need not be afraid to
sleep in the camp--it was the third time that he had been caught
asleep on his post. and nothing but the influence of his Capt.
saved him from being shot. His sentence was to stand two hours on
the breast work and be jeered at by the whole army; whilst we
were on half rations the boys became very peevish and fretful.
One night after we had drew our beef, a couple of messmates fell
out about dividing it; one of them accused the other of having
more than his share when he denied it and said, "it was a
lie," and from that they got to fighting, when one of our
Corporals undertook to part them and caught one around the middle
until the other struck him several times in the face when one of
my messmates said to the Corporal, that it was a rascally trick
to hold one man until another struck him; the Corporal then drew
a large clasp knife and struck at him with it, the point of the
knife striking the button of his uniform coat--it glanced off and
did not hurt him; it then took four of us to hold my messmate to
keep him from killing the Corporal.
At another one of our encampments one of my messmates by the name
of John Terrel, was guilty of whipping a woman--we had marched
hard all day and ate nothing from early in the morning, until
dark we drew our half rations and divided them when he took his
share and cut it in two pieces and put them on a stick about four
feet long, a small piece in front of a large one so that it could
cook first that he might be eating it while the other piece was
cooking; there came a woman by the name of Kate Staley that
belonged to the Regulars, and said to him, "for goodness
sake give me some of that meat for I am almost starved" he
turned around and held the stick out to her telling her to take
the small piece, but instead of taking the small piece as
directed she took both hands and cleaned his stick. He stood and
looked at her until she got three or four steps away when he
raised the stick and took after her and gave her a lick for every
step for about twenty but she held on to the meat and he poor
fellow went without his supper, the boys thought he had committed
an outrage by whipping the woman and arrested him, formed a
court, had a jury summoned and tried him for the offense. We had
two young lawyers in our company and one of them took Terrels
side and the other took the womans and after giving the case a
full investigation found him guilty and sentenced him to receive
four bumps against a beech tree that stood hard by but when he
heard his sentence he slipped away from the guard and hid himself
amongst the baggage wagons and we did not get him that night but
we gave the penalty to the guard for letting him get away and he
went without his supper and did not hear the last of it while we
stayed together.
It was now about the middle of October 1812 and Winchester fixed
a permanent camp where he crossed the river and fortified it with
breast works then next after he got this fixed he started our
troop all of those that were able to do duty for there were a
great many of the boys that were sick and not able to do duty but
those that were able he started to Ft. Jennings about forty miles
up the Aglaize [?] river to escort the provision down to his camp
that Col. Jennings had stored up there. We started from camp on
the 17th of Oct. 1812 about day break and traveled at a brisk
trot until dark when we encamped by putting out a guard; it fell
to my lot to be on guard--we had nothing to cook and nothing to
eat but the boys that were not on duty kindled up a fire in order
to keep away the mosquitos when it appeared the whole woods was
alive with wolves. When the old Capt. bawled out at the top of
his voice to put out every d-n spark of that fire and that ceased
their howling.
The next morning at daybreak we were again in the saddle and
about five miles from the blockhouse, I was sent on with two more
of the boys as an advance guard when within about two miles of
the blockhouse we met three men that belonged to the blockhouse
going out deer hunting and we asked them for something to eat for
we were almost starved. They had their dinner with them and they
very liberally gave us what they had--it was simply bread and
meat but I thought it the best food that I had ever eaten in my
life. We went on to the Blockhouse and there found plenty of
provisions stored up that we had been suffering for the past two
weeks.
We stayed there until the next morning and early the next morning
our Troop of Horse and Daniel Garrards Company of footmen, he
Daniel being a brother of our Capt. from Clay County, Ky., and
belonged to Jennings Regiment. We loaded a great many pack horses
with the provisions such as bacon and flour and a little while
after we started it began to rain and rained on us during the day
as hard as it could pour. My boots got full of water at least a
dozen times in the course of the day and when night came we
encamped and I had to go on guard and it continued to rain until
the next morning. I heard the Sentinel next to me snapping his
old musket and could not get it off--at last I heard him swear
that if he couldn't shoot that he could stick and I heard the
brush cracking and away went an old pack horse with the Sentinel
after him.
The next morning before we left camp we were ordered to fire off
our guns and not a single musket out of the two companies
fired--we had to draw our locks??
We got to Winchester's Camp about dark the second day from
Jennings and found those boys that we left behind sick, no
better, and in a few days were ordered to leave Winchesters Army
and go on to Franklinton to join Balls Squadroon and fix for a
winter campaign. The boys that were sick got in the baggage
wagons and came in all but one and he was one of my messmates, a
particular friend by the name of James Hill. We could not prevail
on him to come with us we had to leave him behind and we never
saw him again for he died and was buried there; we left him in
the care of his brother, Fountain Hill, that belonged to
Longhorns Company in Allens Regiment.
I always had some misgivings about Winchesters success with his
Army knowing that he was not loved by his men for they all
despised him, and were constantly playing some of their tricks on
him; at one encampment they killed a porcupine, skinned it and
stretched the skin over a pole that he used for a particular
purpose in the night, he sat down on it and it liked to have
ruined him; and at another encampment they sawed his pole that he
used for the same purpose, nearly into, so that when he used it
in the night it broke into and let his generalship uniform and
all fall backwards in no very decent place, for I saw his
Regimentals hanging high upon a pole the next day taking the
fresh air.
I was with that army about three months out of the 12 months that
I was in the service; there was a great many of my neighbors and
acquaintances with that command and a great many that never came
home but was lost at Winchester's defeat at the River Basin.
My school teacher Robert Harrison, who I was going to school to
when I volunteered for the service, was lost there on the 18th of
January battle and great many more on 22nd of the same month;
There they took Winchester and Lewis prisoners, also poor Allen
and many other valuable men from Kentucky--They killed General
Proctor, British officer, who was in command of the British Army
and promised the Americans that if they would quit fighting and
surrender to him that they would be protected from the Indians
and have all the usages of civilized warfare but he did not
comply with his promise for he took all of the boys that could
march and run them across the lake to Malden and left the poor
wounded soldiers behind in the huts in the town where they had
the Battle and the Indians, that were with Proctor turned back to
the town where the wounded boys lay helpless and massacred them
in a most shocking manner by tomahawking and scalping them--then
setting the huts that they were in on fire and burning them up.
I was pretty certain that Winchester would never do any good with
that army although it was composed of some of the best men in
Kentucky; for it is entirely necessary to insure success to an
army that they should respect as well as obey their commander,
which to my knowledge was not the case with him. He was an old
Revolutionary officer who had served under Washington and might
have been useful in his day but that day has passed by, for he
must have been at the least seventy years of age and very infirm
at that, and had to have assistance in mounting and dismounting
his horse--he got so afraid of the boys that he kept a body guard
around his quarters day and night.
We will now take leave of Winchester and his unfortunate
expedition for they are all gone into the lions claws and will
figure no more in the war of 1812-13.
Our Company was ordered by Genl . Harrison to leave that part of
the army about the last of October, 1812 and repair to
Franklinton, Franklin County, Ohio, a small town opposite the
fork of the Scioto River and join Col. James V. Balls Squadron,
recruit our horses and prepare for a winter campaign against the
Northwestern Indians. We arrived there about the 5th of Nov. and
was stationed in the courthouse for the want of tents which we
had left behind us for the need of baggage wagons. We were here
about three weeks getting ready for the Miami Expedition on the
Mississinewa River, here we gave up our muskets and cartridge
boxes that we drew at Newport in August, 1812 and drew a sword,
one pistol and a younger or short rifle for the expedition.
The citizens of the town had begun to picket in the Courthouse
from the fear that the Indians would attack them for it was then
a frontier town with but few inhabitants; we kept a guard there
every night in order to watch our horses which we kept picketed
to stakes--around the Courthouse the house was a very large one
with two fire places in it which accomadated us very conveniently
and at night those that were not on duty had a great deal of
sport by dancing what they were pleased to call a Stag dance.
While living here my mare that I first rode out got away from me
by breaking her halter and getting out of the line of Sentinels
she took a bee line for old Kentucky. I borrowed a horse from one
of my messmates and got another one of them to go with me and put
out in pursuit of my mare, followed her two days down the river
to a few miles below Circleville and there a fellow had stopped
her, jumped on her and in company with the Governor of the State
of Ohio, had started to the town of Franklinton--we heard in the
neighborhood before we got there that he had taken her up and
when we arrived at his house he was gone with her; he was Sheriff
of the County in which he lived and thought himself big enough to
ride with Governor Meigs; well we put off after them but they
having several hours start on us we did not overtake them until
very late in the night. We came to a Tavern and enquired for them
and they told us the Governor and Sheriff were both there and in
bed so we stood guard over them until daylight and then beat the
reveille and awakened them, when they made their appearance in
the hall I asked for an introduction to the gentleman Sheriff and
obtained it from the landlord--when I then asked him if he had
rode a nag there that was not his own and he answered in the
affirmative I then asked him if he Sheriff Rennick [?] did not
know that he had violated the law of the land by persuing the
course he had taken with the animal he knowing it to be a stray;
"Well, he said, that he supposed that he had but it was a
case of emergency that made him do so and begged to be excused. I
told the gentlemen that the mare was mine and that I was a
soldier and had not the time to attend to his case and that if he
would pay our bill he might go free--he agreed to do it and I
proved my mare to be mine by the man that was with me so we took
her away from him and left him a foot, we left and started to
Franklinton to join the Company there and make the necessary
preparations for the march to the Mississinewa towns.
In a few days Balls' Squadron came along, composed of Regulars
and 12 months volunteers--two companies of Volunteers and one of
Regulars. The volunteers were commanded as follows one company by
Capt. and the other by McClelland and the Regulars by Samuel
Hopkins of Ky., the volunteers, both Companies from Pennsylvania
and when our Company joined them. It made a pretty respectable
little Army of Horsemen--Our old Col. Ball was a Virginia and has
served in the Horse under Wayne was also connected with
Campbell's troop of Horse at the battle of the Maumae Rapids
where Campbell was killed by the Indians and his Lieutenant Wm.
H. Harrison took the command of the company.
About the 20th of November, 1812 our little army marched out of
Franklinton and for the first time encamped all together about
one mile from the town--from there we went to Genia [?] and
encamped--here we drew our first soldiers pay. We drew three
months back pay at the rate of five dollars per month for our own
services and twelve dollars for our horses. We stayed at this
encampment about three days and while lying here, we had
considerable sport by riding a fellow on Genl. Winchesters
English _______ a rail, this chap stole a brace of pistols from
Captain M from Pennsylvania and sentenced by the Court Marshall
that tried him; to be ridden around the encampment on a fence
rail carried by two of the strongest men in camp. We left this
place and marched to a town on the big Miami called Dayton and
encamped there a day or two making the necessary preparations for
a forced march on the Miami Indians on the Mississinewa River, in
the territory of Indiana. Here at Dayton we left our baggage and
baggage wagons and only took the clothes on our backs--I left my
boots here and my valise with all of the clothes I had, with a
private citizen of the town and bought a pair of shoes lined with
leather and a pair of cloth wrappers which was the means of
saving my feet from being frostbitten as the weather by this
time, had become very cold with considerable snow on the ground.
About the 10th of December, 1812 we crossed the big Miami River
at Dayton which took us one day, we had to ferry over our horses
in a small flat boat with about 10 horses a trip, after getting
all over we encamped on the bank of the river and the next
morning our Colonel made us a speech and told us where we were
going, and what we were going for; says he, "boys we are
going to have a fight with the Indians certain, and if any of you
think you cannot stand it, you may go back to Dayton and stay
there with the brave sick, that we have left there," but
there was no backing out in this case; the boys said, "that
if he could stand it that they could"-- we all pushed on to
a place called New Lexington about thirty miles from Dayton, and
joined more troops under the command of Col. John B. Campbell, a
regular officer who Harrison had put as Chief Commander of the
Expedition--the detachment was composed of the following three
Companies of infantry mounted on pack horses and pack saddles for
the Expedition. (to Wit.) Capt. Elliots Company of Regulars,
Capt. Butlers Company of twelve months Volunteers and called the
Pittsburgh Blues also Capt. McClellands Company of Twelve Months
Volunteers, Rifle men from Pennsylvania; Col. Simralls Regiment
of Six Months Mounted Rifles from Kentucky and Balls Squadron of
Regulars and Twelve Months Volunteers;
At this place, New Lexington, we were all formed into one Army
and amounted to about four hundred and fifty men, to go on one of
the most hazardous Expeditions performed in the war of 1812.
In the depths of winter with the snow half leg deep, to penetrate
an unknown Indian wilderness over one hundred miles against a
wiley foe with their numbers to us unknown. We went from
Lexington to Fort Greenville, the outside post, and there drew
three days rations for our horses and ourselves. We obtained a
man who had been out to the Indian towns the summer before,
trading with them, and as he came in from there to Fort
Greenville, he broke bushes and let them hang by strips of the
back leaves on them and that was all the guide we had to their
towns.
The second night out from Greenville, an accident happened to one
of our Company by the name of West. He was summoned on guard and
in kindling up a fire he unstopped his powder horn to pour some
of the powder on the fire when it flashed up and caught in his
powder horn, bursted it, making a great report and putting the
fellows eyes out. It raised a great alarm in the camp and the
orders was to arms to arms. When I heard him holler and told the
boys it was West for I knew his voice and the report we heard was
his powder horn bursted and so it turned out to be, for directly
they came leading him in stone blind; as soon as he got to where
the Captain was he bawled out, "Captain, I did not do it a
purpose." "Dam you, says the Captain, "who said
you did it a purpose."
The next morning the Captain sent him back to the fort and we saw
no more of West for sometime. It took us three days of hard
marching to get to the Indian towns.
We marched through unbroken and wild wilderness country where the
foot of the white man had seldom trod, we saw a great deal of
wild game of almost all description. We marched in columns of
about 20 men deep and about the length of our column apart and
one day an old Buck run in between two of our columns and was so
badly scared that he dropped both of his horns before he got
out--I told the boys we had scared the horns off of a deer, I
suppose that he was about to shed them and when he jumped so high
they fell off. The same day there was a gang of wild turkeys got
in between our columns and one of them did not raise to fly and
the boys got to cutting at it with their swords sitting on their
horses but one of them having more sense than the rest--jumped
off of his horse and took after it on foot and soon cut its head
off; I told him it was a sick turkey and not to eat it but he
would not mind me but took it along and had a fine supper.
On the night of the 16th of December, 1812 we marched all night
in order to get to the Indian towns about daylight and take it by
surprise, but our guide lost his bushes a little before daylight
and the Col. ordered a halt until the guide found his way again,
and this detained us so that we did not get there until one hour
of the sun on the morning of the 17th in this night's march.
A great many of the boys were frost bitten, by getting off their
horses and walking, in order to warm themselves the fatigue of
walking would put them in a perspiration and mounting again would
chill them and would frost bite in a very little time. I stuck to
my horse and never got off the whole night which was a very
trying thing to do--sometimes being so numb with cold, that I
would drop off to sleep in spite of all that I could do and the
first thing I knew a limb of brush across my face and eyes
leaving me no very good humor for I thought that if the Indian
that I had to fight the next day had of been there that I could
have given it to him good. The guide found his as soon as
daylight made its appearance and we resumed our march.
We were then about 2 miles as near as we could guess, from the
first town; we had marched about one mile when our spies let the
commander know that we were discovered. They were a little ways
ahead of the army when they saw three Indians in the act of
catching their horses; the spies and Indians discovered each
other about the same time the Indians caught and mounted their
horses and took off for the town to give the alarm, and the spies
came back to report to the Commander. He ordered a line of battle
to be formed when we were within a mile from the town; he then
ordered a charge on the town, we then started on the charge
through a tremendous thick piece of woods. We had to pack an ax
to each mess and we took our time about carrying of it; it fell
to my lot that morning to carry the ax our squadron was on right
of the line and Simralls on the left and the Infantry on pack
horses in the center--they raised the yell on the left--it
extended to the right and put our horses in such a fret that I
could not carry the ax and my gun and manage my mare so I
concluded that the gun would be of more use to me than the ax; so
threw the ax away marking the place where I threw it so that if I
wanted it I would know where to find it again.
When our line of Battle was formed it extended for more than one
half mile in length and our squadron being on the extreme right,
missed the town and Simrall's Regiment which was on the left
struck the town and took it before we could wheel to the left and
get up there they had taken it;
we killed eight of the Indians and one big Negro took 42
prisoners and dispersed the balance over the river--we dashed
over the river after them but only killed one or two of them and
took some prisoners. One young man took a squaw on the other side
of the river and put her in a canoe to bring her back to the
town--when he started with her he could not get the canoe
straightened from the other side with his paddle the squaw put
out her hand and with a few licks with her hand she straightened
it and brought it right over, to the great merriment of the boys
that were looking on.
When we had taken this town and burned all of the huts and
wigwams in it except one of the largest cabins that was reserved
for the accommodation of the prisoners we went to forming an
encampment in edge of the town. Some of the boys said to Bill,
"Where is the ax that belongs to the mess?" I said that
I had thrown it away in the charge on the town; they said I had
to get it--well, says I, "if I must I suppose I must,"
so I mounted my mare and put back to the place where I had thrown
it away--as I threw it I marked the place--it was where two old
trees had fallen one across the other and as I went by the place
I pitched it under right where they crossed so I found the ax,
got down and picked it up and started back with it, I had not
gone fifty yards from the place where I picked up the ax when I
met two men that were going back after something that they had
lost and I had not gone one hundred yards until I heard a gun
fire and they came running back and just after they passed me one
of them fell dead from his horse, he being shot through with a
bullet. There was an encampment of men went back where he was
shot but could find [?] no trace of Indians nor a sign of one so
it remained a mystery how the man got shot--he was the only man
on our side that was killed. On the 17th after fixing up a fire
and getting something to eat of which we had very little for our
three days rations that we drew at Fort Greenville was about
gone.
Balls Squadron was ordered to march three miles lower down the
river to another town to destroy it; when we arrived in the town
it was evacuated by the Indians. There were a great many dogs and
horses in the town, left there by the Indians--we burned the town
killed their dogs and caught about forty of their horses--the
horses were very wild and we had to use strategy to catch them.
They were in an old field and we surrounded them with the whole
Squadron and kept closing in on them until we got them into a
huddle we then formed a solid line of horsemen around them and
some 15 or 20 of the boys went in to catch them, haltering them
and bringing them out. I was one of the guard that stood around
them, I saw three of them kick one man at the same time; we
brought them up to the first town and tied them in the lines with
our own horses and that night a great many of them were killed.
In the second Battle which was fought in the morning before
daylight on the 18th of December, 1812. Our Squadron got back to
the first town about one hour by Sun in the evening and went into
camp in our usual position which was always the right of the
Army. We had killed some of the Indians cattle that day which I
thought was the best beef that I had ever tasted, we cooked some
of it with some dried roasting ears that I had gotten out of an
old gun in one of their huts before we burned it down. I got my
cap full of it and divided with my messmates and my mare for our
forage was gone as well as our provisions--With the Indian beef
and tosamanona[?] we had a pretty good supper that night and it
was the last for some days.
The orderly Sergeant came along and says he, "Northcutt on
guard tonight," Says I, "reckon there is a mistake in
the matter, sir:"--no mistake whatever," says he,
"and if you don't go I'll report you to the
Captain"--Report away, says I, "for it is not my turn
and I am not going," with that he went to the Captain and
made his report, when the old Captain came bustling along and
said, "Billy what is the matter with you?" says I,
Captain "I never refuse to do my duty sir when it is my
time" he says, how is it? Why sir, I was on guard last
night, by being in the advance guard all day, and when the orders
came to march all night the guard was called in and I claim that
for a tour you were right, Sir, "Sergeant summon a new
guard."
I happened to a stand at the head of the Sergeants' old list and
before he would write another he was going to summon the old one
and make it serve but my refusing to go cleared all of it for the
rest of the boys. That night about two hours before day on the
morning of the 18th we had a false alarm and we were aroused and
paraded for Battle and that false alarm saved our bacon for we
did not lie down any more but roused up our fires and went to
preparing something to eat; we had a few sea biscuits and a
little coffee, some of the Indian beef. One of my mess-mates and
one of the other mess, that always built a fire with us so that
one fire might do our cooking, had been down to the river and got
a tin bucket of water and put it on the fire to make our coffee
when about a half hour before day, the Indians made their attack
on our camp at the right angle of the encampment which was as
usual in a hollow square with our horses tied to stakes 20 paces
in our rear. One of my messmates was on guard where the attack
was made and said "he saw them coming up in Indian file for
sometime and kept snapping his gun at them until another Sentinel
hailed them when the foremost one of them halted and fired his
gun as a signal; when they raised the yell and formed their line
of Battle and made right up to where he was standing; he fell in
with them and they run together until they got to within about
sixty yards of our lines; they stopped and he ran into our lines
and got shot twice, after he came in; by this time the Indians
had formed their line and commenced their attack on us with a
terrible yell; they took possession of a at the guard fire,
dispersed the guard and killed Pierce, the Captain of the guard
with a warhawk, the guard all ran in and left him behind; we were
ordered to form in the rear of our fires and put them out, which
we did and stood one fire from them in this position when the
officers discovered that they had the advantage of us, they being
in a thick slump of woods and we in an open place in the edge of
their town with here and there a tree. And we ordered to retreat,
from behind our horses which were tied to stakes, twenty paces in
our rear, when we left our first formation to get behind our
horses, the Indians made a charge on us and some of them were
killed at our fires we had left. They fought with desperation
yelling all the time like so many fiends.
Our watchword was "Fight On," and we repeated it all of
the time when a hoarse voice from their side bawled out,
"fight on and be damned to you." Our Company had to
stand the brunt of the fight, we had two killed and a great many
wounded. My right hand man was shot through the head and fell
flat on his back with his gun cocked across his breast; my left
hand man had his right arm broken close to his shoulder and I had
four messmates badly wounded; how I escaped is a mystery to me
and always will be for I was in the thick of the fight and never
got a scratch.
We had a great many of our horses killed and wounded so bad that
we had to kill them; our ranks got so badly thinned out that we
had to be reinforced by Captain Butler's company from the center
of the encampment. His was an Infantry Company and fired by
platoons, we opened to the right and left and they formed in our
lines; formed in sections of sixteen men in a section; from the
time they commenced their firing the note of the Indian yell
began to change, for in a very short time their fire became very
scattering and the smoke of the powder had settled on us so that
we could not see them only by the flash of their guns.
When the sun was about one-half hour high we opened our ranks
again and let Trotters Troop of Horse from Simralls Regiment out
to make a charge on them, they having begun to retreat. Trotter
went out and formed his line in order to make one fire on them.
Before he made his charge on them, while he was doing that the
party of Indians that stayed back to cover their retreat; fired
on his men, they being on their horses and the Indians, behind
trees, cut his company all to pieces and rendered his charge of
no avail. But the Indians soon cleared out and we were not in a
fix to follow them for we were pretty badly crippled and they
left forty of their dead behind them but none of their wounded,
we took no prisoners in this fight. We had eight killed on the
spot and four died from their wounds. Two coming in and two at
Dayton--sixty five wounded. Our squadron had to bear the brunt of
this fight the other part of the Army not being engaged in any
part of it.
While the fight was going on the prisoners that we had taken the
day before kept up a continual hollering and gabbering in the hut
that they were confined in, under guard.
When the Battle was over we turned our attention to our own dead
and wounded; Tom Webster, the man that was on guard when the
Indians made the attack on our camp got shot in the shoulder--he
fell and recovered; said I to him, "Tom are you badly
hurt?" Says he, "Damn them they have broken my
shoulder."
Just before that I had taken another one of my messmates that had
been shot in the thigh, and put him on a blanket behind a large
tree immediately in the rear; I said to him, "You can walk
you go where I put Henry Wilson and keep out of our way; showing
him the place, he went off and I saw no more of him until the
battle was over; when I went to find the wounded men, said he to
me, "Bill they have given it to me again" Said I,
"How come it"? Why says he, you all kept such a hell of
a fuss out there and I kept peeping around to see what you were
after and they shot me again in the side;" but it happened
to be a glancing shot so was not dangerous, but his shoulder was
broken all to pieces; we had to bring him in a horse litter with
five more of our company.
He got well and joined us again before our time was out. The only
one of the wounded boys that did so.
In hunting up the wounded I came across a man by the name of
Scott, that was shot through his breast, the ball going in just
above the left nipple and coming out under his right shoulder
blade; when I found him I said, "Are you badly hurt"?
Says he, "Yes, I am mortally wounded. I went off to get a
blanket and three of the boys went with me to the place that I
left him; I spread out the blanket and took hold of him, to lay
him on it, when he looked up in my face and said, "Billy,
you go do something for them that there is some hope for, as for
me there is none." Said I to him, "While there is life
there is hope and we are going to take you to the doctors fire,
and we four boys took hold of a limb apiece and lay him on the
blanket and took him to the doctors. They drew a silk
handkerchief through him and contrary to his own and every ones
opinion, he got well and wrote to the Board of War for a
Commission, a Lieutenant--received it and went into the Regular
Service, stayed there during the war. We gathered up the wounded
boys and took them to the doctors quarters; then we gathered up
our dead and buried them all in one grave; we dug it in the floor
of the hut, that we had left for the prisoners to stay in; we
leveled it off even with the other part of the floor and set it
on fire in order to keep the Indians from finding it or finding
out how many of us they had killed. There was one poor little
fellow that was shot through the head but could not die so the
doctors gave him something to finish him off so that we could
bury him with the rest of the fellows. After dispensing with the
dead we then turned our attention to the poor wounded boys, how
we were to bring them away with us for we had no carriages of any
sort, so we made horse litters to bring them in manner following;
we cut poles about twelve feet long and took canvass and sewed it
around two of them and put them on horses, one before and one
behind and put the wounded in between them; it took two men to
each litter to manage the horses.
The Indians had killed so many of our horses and it took so many
to bring in the wounded that we were pretty nearly all on foot.
We fixed up and left the Battle ground about two o'clock on the
evening of the 18th and marched about two miles and encamped by
making of breast-work, for we expected another attack hourly
until we arrived at Fort Greenville; we were pretty near out of
ammunition. An accident happened to our ammunition, a few days
before we arrived at the Indian towns, we had two boxes of
cartridges on a pack horse, when he took fright and broke away
from the man that was leading him, the package turned under his
belly and he kicked the boxes to pieces, scattering the
cartridges for about a quarter of a mile in the snow and
destroyed them.
We are now on our march back to Greenville; more than half of us
on foot and we had a great many sick and frostbitten.
The morning report; this morning the 19th of December, there were
three hundred and ten fit for duty, the rest being either
wounded, sick or frostbitten.
We had the prisoners with us, most of them women and children.
The commander ordered the Indian ponies, that we had caught on
the 17th, in the lower town, to be given up for the squaws and
papooses to ride, which occasioned some hard swearing amongst the
boys that claimed them as
captured property; there were some of them fine animals; one mare
and yearling colt, in particular. The man that had the colt
refused to give him up and took him home with him to Lexington.
He belonged to Trotter's Company, from Lexington, of six months
men and his time was out; he took the colt home with him but it
was a mere streak of good luck for him that he did so, for we
were on the point of starvation and if provisions had not met us
as soon as they did his colt would have been butchered and eaten
by the troops.
I lost my mare and had to walk into Dayton; pack my gun and
sword. I got a soldier that rode a pack horse out to bring in my
saddle and holsters to Dayton for me. Our Captain lost both of
his horses, there was three horses tied to a sapling and all
three were killed; The Captains, his water trays and Lieutenant
Hickmans. The second day from the Battle ground I overtook the
old Captain waddling along through the snow, he look up and saw
me, and says I to him, "Captain, this is the fate of war and
we will have to bear with them;" when he swore that he would
have a horse the next day and that night Capt. Hopkins dismounted
one of his men and let the Captain have his horse.
Sometime during the day some of the litters broke down and we had
to halt to mend them, when we started on again, the Captain led
the dragoons horse up by the side of a log to get on him, looked
all around and bawled out at the top of his voice, "Bourbon
Blues, Mount, when there wasn't a single Bourbon Blue there to
mount but the old Captain himself, which occasioned some
merriment for the boys that heard the order.
Today one of our wounded boys died in his litter, and we buried
him in the woods by the side of an old log. We had about twenty
wounded to bring into Dayton in the litters, and in a great many
places the little ponds of water were frozen over so that we
would have to take the litters off the horses and carry them over
the ice, on our shoulders. We had a severe time getting back to
Dayton; we had to make breastworks every night, until we got to
Greenville and stand guard every other night which was enuf to
try the spunk of the very best of us. There was three days and
nights that I did not get one hours sleep; during the night it
would take us late into the night to erect the breastwork, which
was done by falling large trees on top of one another all around
the encampment and raising them breast high.
The third night we had to be up all night occasioned by false
alarms by the Sentinels firing and running into camp. The
Commander ordered the companies to be divided, one-half of them
to stand one-half hour at the breast work while the other half
stood by the fire and warmed themselves.
I belonged to our first Lieutenant Dr. E and when our squad was
at the Breastwork looking out we saw a gun flash and the line of
sentinels broke to run in, I was by the Lieutenant when he
hollered out to me, "Shoot Northcutt, by God! they are
coming." Says I, "they are our boys" He ordered me
again to shoot swearing that they were Indians. By this time they
were so close to the Breastwork, that he saw that they were our
boys and told them to cry out the watchword, which was
"Greenville" when one of the boys bawled out,
"Greenville, Greenville, for God's sake don't shoot; they
all scaled the Breastwork and run to the fire, where there was an
old Frenchman that belonged to Butler's Company, from Pittsburgh;
says he, to one of them, "what you run for?" Says the
fellow, "I saw eleven Indians," Says the Frenchman,
"how do you know there was eleven Indians?"
"Because I counted them," says the fellow: Says the old
Frenchman, "You say you saw eleven Indians, you stopped to
count eleven Indians and did not shoot--to hell with such a
soldier." They kept up such sport as that all night. There
was no sleep for any of us that night.
The Sentinels were paraded and sent back but just as often they
would break and run in. One of our boys, by the name of Jim
Clark, was on guard that night, when they kept running in he told
the Captain of the guard that he would fight at the guard fire
until he died, but he was damned if he would go back to his post
anymore that night.
The next night it fell to my lot to go on guard and when I
started out to the guard fire I told my messmates to go to bed
and get some sleep for there would be no false alarms that night
where I was on post. My time to go on duty was the second relief
and the Sentinel that I had to relieve was fast asleep and I took
his place, knowing that he had been asleep which made me look out
with both eyes; I had not stood there long before I saw, in the
heed of a hollow right before me, something moving towards me; I
sprung the triggers of my gun, to be ready to shoot if an enemy
approached and when I set my triggers, I heard two more Sentinels
to my left, set theirs; the main springs of our locks were so
strong that they could be heard to set a good ways off when I
heard their locks set thinks I, there is two of you not asleep
anyhow. When we came in off guard we three had the same tale to
tell. I kept watching the object, thinking about what I told the
boys about false alarms, when I heard an owl holler right
opposite me and another one answer it right back of the
encampment, then I remembered of hearing old Indian fighters
talking about the Indians hollering like owls. I then had it
fixed up they were surrounding the camp and giving one another
the signal by the owl holler, the object before me was one of
their spies, it kept coming towards me and I should certainly
have fired had it not been for the promise I made to the boys,
but I was determined to let it get close enough to me before I
shot to make a sure shot, and when that happened it turned out to
be an old horse that had gotten away from camp and was browsing
his way back.
The Sentinels that was found asleep was reported to his Captain
by the Sergeant of the Guard and the next morning, was punished
for it, by being tied across the Breastwork and given fifteen
licks well laid on with a paddle made for the purpose.
That morning when the guard was called in I was detailed as one
of the road cutters, for the litters to pass along about 10
o'clock. Some of the litters broke down and we ordered to halt
until they were mended again. When we halted I pulled a piece of
bark off an old dead hickory tree and the last thing that I
remembered was throwing it down at the root of the tree. They
mended the litters and had all gone on road cutters and left me
sitting there fast asleep; when one of my messmates who was in
the rear guard caught me by the top of the head and asked me what
I was doing there; I told him that I was sleeping and by that
time my company of road cutters were half a mile ahead, so I fell
in with the rear guard and there marched the balance of the day.
When the army halted for the night I stepped up and answered to
my name, so there was nothing more said about it. I was so worn
out for want of sleep that I was more like a dead man than a
living one. A man can do about as well without eating as he can
without sleeping.
We had forty-two prisoners with us most of them women and
children and when encamped at night, the squaws would have the
wood to cut, at night, to make their fires--the men standing
looking on.
I saw six squaws cutting down a tree not more than a foot and a
half over, they had what they called squaw axes, they commenced
chopping on the tree and kept going backwards one after the
other, all around the tree until it fell, then they all jumped on
it and commenced cutting it up to make their fires.
Today another one of our wounded boys died in his litter and we
had to bury him, like we did the others, by the side of the log
in the wild woods. Today some provisions met us from the fort but
it was so little that it hardly gave us all a taste. It took us
six or seven days to get from the Battleground to the fort; we
left it on the 18th and arrived at the fort on the 24th of
December--it being Christmas eve, we had a hard time of it
getting in, for we had to build Breastwork every night, until we
arrived at the fort but when we did, we had a jubilee for there
we found plenty to eat and drink, we had a Merry Christmas of it.
We encamped at edge of the fort without putting out a regular
guard, and had a real old fashioned Christmas frolick.
We had one old squaw with us that could speak a little broken
english, and I suppose some of the boys put her up to it, for
about daylight she came along the lines saying "Christmas
gift--Christmas gift, which produced considerable merriment with
the boys. Some would give her some money and some of them gave
her some curses.
We stayed here all Christmas day and rested, a thing that we
greatly needed, and here the commander dispensed with the
prisoners by giving them up to the Indian Agent, and we saw no
more of them.
It took us five days to get from here to Dayton where we had left
our baggage; here we left our poor wounded boys in a hospital
under the doctors and here two more of them died which made four
that died from their wounds.
After we left the Battleground which made twelve killed in all
and sixty five wounded, there was but one of the wounded who ever
rejoined us again and that was Thomas Webster; all of the rest
went home and stayed there, all but little Billy Scott, he got
well and joined the regular army, and stayed there during the
war, came home and killed himself, drinking whiskey, so there was
an end to little Billy Scott; he was never married and if I ever
knew a woman hater he was one.
We got back to Dayton, New Years Eve, crossed the river at the
same place that we crossed when going out; marched through the
town and encamped in the woods close by the town and stayed at
this encampment two days. Here our Company was furloughed for
forty days, in order to go home and recruit ourselves and get
fresh horses. There were a great many of us that had lost their
horses and those that had horses were worn out completely with
fatigue. I drew a pack horse at Dayton and about the third day of
Jan., 1813, we started for old Kentucky, by way of Cincinnati; I
rode the pack horse to Centi; and there gave him up to the
quartermaster, and took his receipt for it.
When we came to the river, the ice had broken up and was running
at such a rate that we could not get across, for the boats could
not cross because of the ice running so thick; the next morning
after we had arrived there I went down to the river, there was a
yawl just about to start out with two men in it, for Newport--I
asked them to let me get in with them when they refused; at
length, by hard persuading and a round half dollar, they agreed
to let me get into the yawl with them. It took us a long time to
make the trip--we had so much dodging of the big cakes of ice,
but we finally landed safe on the Newport side, we all jumped out
of the yawl, caught hold of it jerked it out of the water when
instantly two large pieces of ice struck each other; if they had
caught us would have smashed us to pieces.
When it got up on the bank in Newport, the first man I saw was my
father, he said that he was looking across the river when the
little craft started out but never expected to see it land; it
was a miracle that it did so.
My feelings when I met my father so unexpectedly can be easier
felt by me than described. He had heard that we were coming in
and had a battle and that I was killed in it so had come down to
see about it--had stayed the night before at Kennedys in
Covington and crossed the Licking River that morning on the ice
and came over to Newport, in search of news about me--hoping to
find someone there that could tell him something about me, which
he did, by finding the boy himself.
I had left my saddle and arms at a tavern and a foot without any
incumbrance whatever, my father had brought a lead horse with him
so I at once mounted the horse and went home with him, where he
loaned me a horse and I went to old Bourbon, the place I claimed
for my home, and where I had left some very dear friends that I
had not seen from the 20th of August 1812, the day I set out on
the campaign.
I arrived home and visited some of my friends--bought another
horse and was enjoying myself as I thought, first rate, when lo
and behold there came an express after us to go back to camp,
instead of a forty day furlough, it turned out to be five.
In this short time we had recruited thirty new recruits for the
balance of our time which was six months.
Some of the best young men in the neighborhood joined our
fortune, and with a heavy heart some of us started back to face
the foe of our country.
We ordered to meet the Squadron at Lebanon, Warren County, Ohio
as soon as could get there for another expedition.
I went on by my father's, in order to bid them farewell, then
went on to join my company at Lebanon and here we found the
Squadron encamped waiting for us, we joined them and drew
ammunition, to go on Expedition but for some cause it failed to
go, We stayed here at this encampment for several weeks, shot our
ammunition, that we had drawn, away.
I made a business, where not on duty, to go squirrel hunting in
the neighboring woods, which was alive with them; we considered
this excellent pasttime. There was about four of us boys went out
one day and got a good many squirrels up one tree; we all
surrounded the tree and commenced firing on them, the first
firing we made down came a squirrel and all four of us claimed
it. I hollered out, "there comes my squirrel". another
cries out, "it is mine," in fact all claimed it, and
when examining it we found all four of us had hit it, and the
squirrel was not worth picking up. I shot away all of my powder
and lead that I had drawn and pretty much all that my messmates
had, for most of them were too lazy to go out after the squirrels
and rather spend their time in some other pursuits.
Lebanon was only about thirty miles from Cincinnati and my father
lived only twenty miles the other side of that town, so I
concluded one day I would get a furlough and go to see my daddy,
I went to the Captain to get it, when he says, "Billy you
can have it, I want to go to Cinti, and we will go together that
far; so the next day we put off together and arrived in
Cincinnati in one day, where we put up at a tavern together, and
the next morning I left him there and came on to my fathers, and
when I arrived there my father was sick in bed with the mumps. I
stayed with him one day and caught the mumps from him, came back
to Camp, and in about ten days broke out with the mumps and
inoculated the Squadron with them.
From this camp sometime in the month of February, I with about
thirty of our company, one sabbath morning, concluded that we
wanted to go meeting, and accordingly fixed up for church. We
were about four miles from the Shakers, Quakerstown, called the
Union Village; they did not like our appearance very much,
however, we tried to behave ourselves as well as could under the
circumstances that surrounded us. We arrived there before their
worship began. Their meeting house was a very large one fenced
into itself from the other buildings, there were two gates to the
fence and two doors to the meeting house, the women had one gate
and one door to go in and the men the other, and went in at their
respective gate and door; they had seats fixed for spectators but
none for their own members for as they came in they sat flat down
on the floor in solid columns; the men at one end of the room and
the women at the other, left a space between them of about ten
feet, vacant, when their preacher occupied this vacancy he gave
us a pretty long sermon on matters and things in general and when
he had finished his discourse, he told the congregation to
prepare for duty when they all, both men and women, arose to
their feet from where they had been sitting, formed again in
rows, and commenced singing and dancing, the singers standing
with their backs to the wall facing the dancers.
I counted seventy-eight men and ninety women, all dancing at the
same time, each person occupying the same position that they took
when they first formed, and the tune that they sang was what we
boys used call, "The bell cow younder is the bell cow, and
they kept the tune to a person and whenever the tune turned they
turned with it; there was some of the most complete dancers on
that floor that I ever saw anywhere in my life; They sang And
danced for two hours without intermission until some of them
fairly gave out and sat flat down on the floor.
It was a very cold day with snow on the ground and they danced
until their perspiration raised a complete fog in the house and
they wound it up with some of the most unearthly screeches and
screams that I ever heard, the Indians yells not excepted, and so
ended the biggest frolick I ever attended. The meeting came to a
close and we went back to our camp wondering if that was
religion.
About the time I broke out with mumps we received marching orders
to go to Fort Meigs at the Maumee Rapids. We broke up camp and
started for Fort Meigs on a forced march without our tents or
camp equipage, and about the time that we started it began to
rain and rained on us two days in succession and almost without
intermission between Springfield and Urbana.
I thought, die I should, with misery, I had to lie down on my
horse and hold to my pistol holsters; when we got to Urbana I
told my Captain that I could go no farther and he gave me a
furlough and put me under a doctor, where I lay about ten days in
great pain. There was about six of the Squadron left here sick.
In about two weeks we all felt better and thought we could do
camp duty again. Our companies that we belonged to had gone on to
Fort Meigs and we could not get to them; so we chose one of our
Company, by the name of John Layson, to be our leader and we
formed our little squad and went to a block house, about twenty
miles from Urbana, that they called Memories Block house where
there was considerable forage and provisions stored up, in order
to guard them.
We arrived there and formed our camp; there was several camps of
friendly Indians in the neighborhood that made frequent visits to
our camp and about the third day that we had been there they
stole three of our horses and took them to a place surrounded by
quicksand except one place where they took them in and hobbled
them; they did it in order to get paid for bringing them in to
us. We hunted three days for them and could not find them. At
length we hired one of the Indians that had no hand in the plot,
to help us hunt them and found the three horses and brought them
in, disappointed the rascals that had stolen them.
We bought some sugar and cranberries from an old squaw and I
thought we would have some old fashioned preserves out of the
cranberries so I put them into a camp kettle and started cooking
them but lo and behold they were so cankered that we could not
eat them and had to throw them away.
After being here several days there came along a detachment of
the Ohio Militia going on to Fort Meigs so we broke up our camp
and fell in with them in order to join the Squadron which was at
Fort Meigs in the first siege of that place.
We went with them to Fort McArthur and at that point met the
Express with orders from our commander, to us to meet him at
Franklinton. The siege was raised and the Squadron, according to
orders, came on back the way that we had gone out until we
arrived back at Urbana and there we took the road to Franklinton.
We met our Squadron and joined up again.
The first of May, the Squadron went from here to the Pickaway
plains about thirty miles below Franklinton and there encamped on
the bank of the Sciote River, in order to recruit our horses by
grassing them on some excellent pasture in the neighborhood. We
encamped here at this point three or four weeks; drilled and
recruited our horses; here we lost one of our brave boys, by the
name of Sam'l. Henderson. He died with typhoid fever and we
buried him here, with the honors of war.
Here they put one of my messmates under guard, by the name of
Shy; there were three of us messmates went down to the river to
swim and had a canoe in with us; the canoe was there for the use
of the troops to cross the river; after being in the river
sometime, Woodyard and I, my other messmate, came out of the
water and left Shy in the river, with the canoe when there came
one of the regular soldiers down and called to Shy, to bring him
the canoe as he wanted to cross the river in it. Shy told him he
would do so when he got ready. The answer made the regular mad
and he turned into cursing Shy, which made him mad also; when Shy
brought the canoe up to the end of a large willow log and as the
soldier started to step into the canoe, Shy jerked it back and in
went the regular, heels overhead, into ten feet of water; he
scrambled out and by this time Shy had come out and put on his
clothes, the regular made right at him, as he said to give him a
whipping but that was no go for it took Woodyard and me to keep
Shy from killing him.
The regular went back to camp and reported Shy to the commander
who had him arrested, courtmarshalled and sentenced to be put
under guard for three days. One day I went to the guardhouse to
carry him his dinner; I asked him how he liked being under guard;
he said he would as soon be under guard as on guard and appeared
to take his punishment very easy. Here at this camp I saw the
most severe punishment inflicted on a poor fellow that I ever saw
anywhere. It was what they call picketing; they drove a peg into
the ground and sharpened the other end of the peg, as sharp as it
could be made, fixed a spring pole and tied the fellows two
thumbs up to the end of the pole--then took and placed his
barefoot on the end of the peg and held him there until he
fainted. I thought then and I think so yet that I would prefer to
have been shot. His offense was disobedience of orders.
While we lay here there came an express from General Harrison,
from Franklinton, for an escort of men to guard him to Fort
Meigs; as the road from there to the Fort was lined with hostile
Indians; accordingly there was a detail of twenty-five men made
out of the Squadron and placed under the command of our second
Lieutenant, David Heckman; I happened to be one of the detail and
early the next morning we left our camp and started for
Franklinton but before we got there Harrison had got an escort
from the 26th United States Infantry--had gone on the day before.
Hickman said that his orders were to escort the General to Fort
Meigs and he must obey them; so we took right after him, he
having one days start of us; but we being horsemen and they being
Infantry the Lieutenant thought we could soon overtake them; some
put off after them in a long trot, but we did not overtake them
until the second day in the morning; we overtook them at the
mouth of the Carrion River, before they left their encampment.
Here the General ordered the Lieut., with his command, to lower
Sandusky; there to wait for the Squadron, which he said he had
ordered to Cleveland by way of Sandusky; so we turned back and
went to the fort as our orders directed us. We got there at night
and went into camp in the fort. We were here several days before
the Squadron came on; while we lay, one morning one hour by sun,
the Indians run in between the fort and a pasture, where we had
our horses a grazing, and cut of a house where there was a
fishery kept.
Either the sight or scent of the Indians scared our horses so
that they broke out of the pasture and came running up to the
fort, all of them but two, one of them belonged to the
Lieutenants waiter, a free mulatto, by the name of Bill Meeker,
and the other to a Pennsylvania, by the name of Hare. Some of the
boys says, "Bill here comes all of our horses running up to
the fort but yours and Hares"--Bill says-- "Come Hare,
let us go and see where our horses are" they started and by
the time they got to where their horses were, the Indians fired
on them and Billy Hare and his horse. They killed Bill's horse in
the pasture but they killed him in the river.
There were two of the soldiers that belonged to the fort, down at
the fishery when the Indians made their attack on it; one of them
and Bill attempted to swim the river just above the house. Their
idea was to swim the river and run up on the other side and cross
it again opposite to the fort so they could get into the fort
again. The soldier that was with Bill made the trip and came in
with a bullet hole through the top of his hat, just above his
head but they shot Bill through the head in the river; the
soldier said that he heard two guns fire and looked back saw Bill
sinking; the Indians killed the man that owned the fishery, his
wife and five children with the soldier, that was there at the
house when they made their attack. They made no attack on the
fort. At this time old Col. Wells had the command of the fort at
that time, and would not let any of us go out after them.
He expected an attack on the fort and commenced making
preparations by having all of the stock about the fort, driven
in.
There was one of the soldiers in the fort that was so badly
scared that he caught one of our horses that had gotten out of
the pasture and started to run into the Settlement about three
miles above the fort; he met three wagons coming down to the fort
and told them that the fort was massacred and he alone had
escaped. The wagon-men got so alarmed that they took a horse from
each wagon and started to go to the fort.
Wells had started a Sergeant with a file of men up the road to
reconnoiter. I was detailed as one of them; when we got out of
the fort, the Sergeant told me I had to go about one hundred
yards in front to make discoveries and report to him. When I saw
three men a coming down the road with red flannel shirts on and
their heads tied up with handkerchiefs; thinks I, here comes the
red coats and I halted until the Sergeant came up and reported;
says he,--"What are we to do' says I, "hold on I saw
but three and if there is no more of them we will give them a
fight," by this time the wagonmen got so close that we could
tell who they were.
We went back with them into the fort, but the fellows that stole
Jim Ball's horse kept on and way above upper Sandusky he met the
Squadron and told them the same tale that he had told the
wagoners but the boys did not believe him how he came by that
horse and took the horse away from him and brought the horse back
to the owner.
We searched all that evening with hooks in the river for Bill
Meeker but could not find him and early the next morning there
was four of us in a canoe hunting for him, when I saw the top of
his head, about one foot below the surface of the water, and told
the boys that I had found him; they stopped the canoe and I
reached down in the water and caught hold of the top of his head
and pulled him up to the top of the water; the boys helped me
with him--we put him into the canoe. He was standing
perpendicular in ten feet of water. He had, when shot, sunk to
the bottom and swelled so that he had started to come up to the
top of the water.
When we found him and seven more that the Indians had killed and
buried them all in one grave.
Hare, the Pennsylvanian, that was killed in the pasture with his
horse, had every pocket he had, turned wrong side out hunting for
his money and when we had him lying on the bank of the grave,
just ready put him in one of his Company that was along said,
that he knew that had money, and in his watch fob we found
seventy-five dollars in bank notes which Lieut. Hickman took
charge of it to send home to his friends.
The next day, after we had buried them, the Squadron arrived
there on their way to Cleveland and we joined them, all camped
together above the fort on the Sandusky River bottom; the next
day being the first of July 1813, we started on for Cleveland to
watch for the British Ship and guard the boats that Harrison had
built there and sunk in the mouth of the Cuyahoga River.
We struck the lake at the mouth of the Huron River and kept all
the way down the lake to Cleveland; crossing of four rivers,
swimming three of them with our horses.
I stood guard on the night of the fourth of July at the mouth of
Black River; I had twenty paces to walk and had on a full cloth
great coat with double cape and like to froze.
It was sometime in the month of March just before we left Lebanon
for Fort Meigs that we drew our other pistol and gave up our
Youngers, from that time on we acted as Cavalry altogether; Our
Colonel was a great disciplinarian and use to drill us in the
Cavalry exercise until we had learned to understand the exercise
perfectly; he was very particular in teaching us to mount and
dismount. He had us one day drilling us in the sword exercise
when one of the boys went to cut Sgt. George in the rear and left
the point of his sword fall too low and cut his horse's hamstring
into and the horse and his rider both came down together.
When we arrived in Cleveland we encamped on a high bluff on the
bank of the lake, just below the mouth of the Cuyahoga River,
where it empties into Lake Erie.
We went there without our tents; the Squadron having left them
behind and when we arrived here we had to build tents out of
Chestnut bark, which grew here in great abundance.
We lay here three weeks and commenced to build a fort. It was one
day of fatigue and the next day on guard, watching for
"Queen Sharlot," the British vessel, that Harrison was
expecting to come and destroy. His boats that were sunk in the
mouth of the river, to keep the British from finding them.
We made half faced tents out of the chestnut tree bark that
answered a very good purpose; about the last of July 1813,
Harrison sent an Express after us to come to him at his
headquarters on the Sandusky River about nine miles above Fort
Stephenson, on lower Sandusky. We arrived there by a forced march
about the last day of July and here he had one soldier shot for
deserting and another tried and condemned to be shot for charging
bayonet on his Lieutenant on their march into camp; the soldier
was sick and could not keep up with his company, when the officer
drew his sword and put at him with it, to make him keep up, when
the soldier charged bayonet on him and made him back out. They
courtmarshalled him and condemned him to be shot, had him marched
out into an old field for that purpose but after all the
maneuvering had been gone through except the word fire, Harrison
reprieved him to the joy of the whole army and the poor culpret
in particular for it did appear to me that he was as good as dead
until the General rode up and read his reprieve; he then appeared
to revive and live again; the troops that were formed in a hollow
square wheeled out into line and marched back to camp in quite a
different manner to that which they marched out for they went out
with reversed arms and the dead march, with muffled music.
When our squadron arrived at Harrison's headquarters there was
not any forage for our horses and he ordered them to take their
forage bags and go down to lower Sandusky, to get them filled
with oats for our horses and to bring with us to his camp George
Chrogan, the Commander at lower Sandusky, to answer to him for
disobedience of orders, for he had not ordered him, Col. Chrogan
to evacuate that post and he and his company come to him, and
Chrogan had not done it according to orders. We started to the
fort with our forage sacks, when within two miles of the fort as
we were marching along very soberly, our advance guard being
about one hundred yards in advance of the Squadron, and composed
of six men, there was lying concealed in the high grass by the
roadside, thirteen Indians who arose up out of their ambush and
fired simultaneously on the six men that formed the guard and
killed three of their horses, wounded two men; as it happened,
the wounded mens horses were not hurt and they all wheeled and
run back to the Squadron, with the Indians close after them.
The first thing that the Indians knew of the squadron they were
right under our broad swords and we made their head rattle like
old gourds. They caught their guns in both hands and held them
over their heads and gabbered something; something I suppose
about quarters, but we were Kentuckians and did not understand
one word about the Indian language so we gabbled them right up on
the spot.
I happened to be in front of the Squadron when the thing occurred
and saw the whole of the sport; the Indians appeared panic
stricken for there was but one of them that attempted to run. I
had cut one fellow down with my sword and took after the one that
broke to run. There was one of the boys by the name of Wilson
that started with me after the Indian that broke to run; I was
before Wilson and had raised in my stirrups several times to cut
him down but everytime he was a little too far off; at length we
came to an old log that had fallen and the Indian loped it; my
horse made a stop to gather himself up for the lope and Wilson's
horse cleared at the charge and he got in before me and the
moment that he did so he dress his pistol, shot the Indian and he
fell dead. I was so anxious to cut him with my sword that I had
never thought of my pistols, until I saw Wilson draw his and then
it was too late. When the Indian fell Wilson turned around to me
and says, "Bill, shall I scalp him?" Says I, "No
John, don't do that for if you want his scalp for a witness that,
you have killed him, I am a living witness."
After the fracas was over we went on to the fort and left the
Indian lying there, we drew our forage and took Chrogan the
Commander of the fact, and brought him up to Harrison; as we came
back our commander ordered a line to be formed and we made a rake
over the ground that we had had the skirmish on, in order to see
how many of the Indians we had killed; we found thirteen of them
laying stretched out on their cooling boards, but we had not time
to bury them.
The next day some of our pet Indians that Harrison had with him
went down and buried them, came back and reported that one of the
hostile Indians had got away wounded. In making the rake over the
Battle-ground I found one of their hoppers sacks, it was a new
Mackinaw blanket, rolled up with part of a dressed deer skin in
it, with about one pound of the best double glazed powder in it
and two pair of moccasins cut out but not made; a bladder of
paint and another of Indian medicine.
When we got back to the camp, I opened the blanket and there was
one of the pet Indians standing by and I asked him what the
medicine was--says he-- "good for sick Indian," I asked
if he wanted it; he said, "he did" so I gave the
medicine to him but kept the balance of the prize and brought
home with me.
The night after we got back from lower Sandusky, there was a
Lieutenant and fourteen white boys and four of our pet Indians,
detailed to go on a scouting party and I was one of them. We went
about six miles from the camp to watch the road that lead from
Fort Meigs to lower Sundusky. The Indians that was with us was
afoot and the rest of us was mounted. We tied our horses in a
kind of low piece of ground and scattered along the road for
several hundred yards and watched all night but saw no enemy. The
next morning we all started helter, skelter, to go to our horses;
when I asked the Lieut. if he did not apprehend some danger in
going up to our horses in that manner, for I thought that if
there were an Indian in the woods they were watching our horses;
where he called a half formed in an line and we marched up to our
horses in order. When I got on old Charlie I thought that I was
safe, at least I thought there was no Indians in those woods. We
saw a good deal of Indian signs but none of them; when we had
gone about two miles toward the camp the pets being just ahead of
us, I saw them stop and all four of them raise their guns and
fire; thinks I--now we are going to have it but it turned out to
be a deer that they shot at instead of the enemy. We came into
the camp and reported.
That evening the British attacked lower Sandusky; Harrison had
taken Chrogans sword from him for disobedience of orders and sent
him back to the fort and instead of running he had to go to
fighting and fight he did. Harrison was laying nine miles above
him with fifteen hundred men but instead of going to help George
he turned in to fortifying his own encampment, expecting the
British to whip Chrogan, and then attack him. The morning after
the British had attacked the fort I was placed out on picket
guard about one half mile below our camp, towards Sandusky. There
was thirty men commanded by a Lieutenant; we were divided in
three reliefs; ten of us out on duty and twenty at a place
designated as guard fire and everytime during the day, that I was
not out on duty the guard would fire and run in; one fellow swore
that he saw two Indians and was so close to them as to see their
blankets rolled up and hoppered on their backs. I heard every
canon that was fired on the fort during the day and did think it
an extreme hard case, that Chrogan should be cooped up with a
hand full of men to be massacred by the British while Harrison
was lying in hearing of him with fifteen hundred men, and not go
to help him. I did think then and I think so now, that Harrison
might have taken Malden at lower Sandusky on the second day of
August 1813, instead of the River Thames in upper Canada on the
5th of October following, for he could certainly have destroyed
the British Army at that point; for Chrogan, with one hundred and
sixty men, drove them away from the fort with considerable less
on their side. With but one killed and one wounded on our side.
The two boys that were wounded in the little skirmish that we had
with the Indians, when we were going down after our forage; we
had left them in the fort at the time; they were there in the
encampment and fought bravely in that Battle, but one of the poor
fellows died soon after, of his wound that he received in the
skirmish but the other one got well and joined his company again
before the war was over.
Harrison was fortifying his encampment here with the expectation
that Chrogan would be defeated by the British and that he would
to fight them here.
On the morning of the third of August, I was detailed out on
fatigue and was in the ditch at work with a spade throwing up an
entrenchment, when I heard the trumpet that belonged to our
Squadron sound boots and saddles; I threw the spade as far as I
could throw it and jumped out of the ditch and went to see what
was the matter and the matter was that Chrogan had whipped the
British and had sent an Express up to Harrison that the enemy had
retreated and left the fort that morning about daylight; Harrison
then ordered Balls Squadron of Horse and one Regiment of footmen
to repair immediately to the fort and follow them to where they
took their shipping, which was about three miles below the fort.
We mounted our horses and started off on a long trot and got
there before the dead British had taken out the wounded and
administered to their wants but the dead were still in the ditch.
The British had fired on the fort about thirty-six hours with
their canon with but little success when they undertook to storm
it by scaling the walls of the fort; they made a desperate charge
on the walls of the fort, and when the ditch in front of the fort
was full of red coats, Chrogan with his little six pounder loaded
with cannister shots and slugs of lead opened on them but great
havock. I saw them lying there in heaps one upon another as they
fell dead. We pursued on to where they took their shipping about
three miles below the fort at the head of the Sandusky Bay; being
satisfied that they had cleared out and left the neighborhood we
returned back to the fort and examined the manner in which
Chrogan had made his defense. The fort was built in a four square
with a block house at each corner and a wide deep ditch, all
around it and picketted in with split logs about twelve inches
thick and fifteen feet high and sharpened to a point at the top.
On one side of the fort they had bored auguer holes and drove in
long pins of wood and on those pins they had placed round logs
sufficient in size to crush twenty men. On the two other sides of
the fort they had placed bayonets through the tops of the pickets
and let the point slanting downwards so that it was impossible to
have scaled them; on either of the three sides and on the fourth
side, in a canon block house were fixed his little six pounder;
from this point he filled his ditch with dead British. There was
one of those dead British the most daring looking fellow I ever
saw, even as a corpse he had a flask of Brandy fastened to his
belt to drink King George, the thirds, health, when he got into
the fort. His name was Colonel Short and George Chrogan made
short work with him.
After resting awhile at the fort we started for our camp, arrived
there about one hour by Sun and we had not been long in camp
before we heard the canon cut loose again at the fort and one of
our company, by the name of Thomas, began to swear, cursing the
red coats at a most terrible rate. Says I to him, "Bob what
is the matter"? "Don't you hear that"--hear what,
says I, "what do you hear"? Why, says he, those d-n
British has come back to lower Sandusky and attacked it again and
we shall have to go back there and fight them and says he, if
they had killed me when I first came out here I would not have
minded it, but, says he, I have been here almost twelve months
and want to go home." Says I, to Bob, "don't you know
that you are a fool for those cannot be British canon that is
firing down there, for do you not know that we have just come
from there and it would be impossible for them to have got back
there and fixed up their canon and commenced firing at this
time." Well, says he, "Bill what the devil is it
then," why says I it is Chrogan burying the dead British
with the honors of war" and so it turned out to be for had
them taken out of the ditch and gave them a decent burial; this
goes to show that the brave are generous, for a more brave man he
had not in the army of the northwest.
The ladies of Chillicothe presented him with an elegant sword and
the General with a nice red petticoat. We stayed at camp Seneca
Harrison's headquarters, the balance of our time, which was but a
few days and here I was taken sick and remained so until we were
discharged from the Service.
There was about three hundred friendly Indians here with
Harrison; they were encamped outside of our encampment in a body
to themselves and had very little correspondence with us or we
with them. Some of the prisoners that we took at the Battle of
Mississinewa, were with them. They had a recollection of our
troop of Horse for one day.
While the Squadron was out on parade in the old field that was
close to their camp, there was a squad of them came out to look
at us, parade and one of them pointed to our trumpeter and put
his hands up to his mouth and says, "toot a toot," away
down Mississinewa, so by that I knew that he must have been
there.
Harrison's kitchen, a place where they did his cooking, was in
the rear of our tent and we had to go right by it to go to the
river after water. One day, while I was sick, I started to go
after a bucket of water and when I got opposite to Harrison's
cooking, there was sitting by the fire, what we use to call a hoe
cake of beautiful yellow corn bread, toasting for his dinner. We
had been living on sour flour and cornbread was such a rarity to
me that I thought that I must have some of it; so I sat down my
bucket and made two or three steps toward the fire; I looked for
the cook, he was absent so I thought I would have it at all
hazards, when my conscience smote me and told me that it was the
General's bread and if I took it, I would be caught and punished
for it so I just left in a hurry, picked up my bucket and went on
to the river, got the water to cook our dinners with.
I had been in the Service nearly twelve months and had never
taken one pins worth of anything that was not my own and was glad
that I had left the General's hoe cake alone; although I did want
it very bad.
In a few days after this our time of Service was about out; the
General ordered our Colonel to discharge Garrard's Troop and let
them go home which order he obeyed and gave us an honorable
discharge from the Northwestern Army on the 13th of August, 1813.
Our time of Service lacked seven days of being out but we were
allowed that time to get home in and on the morning of the 14th,
we left the turmoils of the camp and took the road for home; the
troop went on by the way of Franklington and crossed the Ohio at
Maysville but I wanted to go by my father's in Campbell County in
order to see them and to get the horse that I had left there in
the winter, when we came in on furlough. So two of my messmates
and I, came on together to Cincinnati about one mile from a
little town called Xemia. We discovered a flock of wild turkeys
just making their way out of a grain field, when I says to one of
my messmates, by the name of Webster; "Tom, I am going to
kill one of those turkeys"--says he, "You look like
it" don't you--Well, I put the spur to my horse and raised
the gallop and just as the turkeys got to the fence and huddled
up to fly over I fired at the flock with my pistol and broke one
of their necks. "Well, says, he, you are fool enough to kill
it" and I says to him, now you be fool enough and get it,
for I was so sick that I could hardly sit on my horse. I left
camp sick and continued so for sometime after I got home. We got
the turkey which proved to be a very fine gobbler. So we took it
along to the town and sold it to the Tavern Keeper for our
breakfast. We came to Cincinnati and there I left Tom Webster,
for that was his home and there he joined our company in August,
1812. That was the last I ever saw of poor Tom Webster.
We stayed all night in Cincinnati and early the next morning we
left; my other messmate, whose name was Reading, and I left for
my father's in Campbell County, Ky. We stayed one night with him,
for our time was limited as we had to meet on the twentieth of
August in Paris, Ky. in order to be mustered out of the Service
and get our discharge.
We got the first night from fathers to Arnold's Tavern on the Dry
Ridge road and there stayed over night and started early in the
morning intending to go about seven miles to an old acquaintance,
to breakfast, when a little after sunrise I found a pocketbook
lying in the road. I got off of my horse and picked it up and
examined it to see if we could find anything in it that would
give us a clue to the owner, but no papers of any sort were
discernible but there was fifty dollars in bank notes in it. We
went on to Conyers Tavern and got our horses fed, had breakfast
and when about to start, said I, to Conyers, "Uncle
Dennis," if you hear of any body inquiring for a lost
pocketbook, tell them who has it for he knew me well and had
known me for years. The next time I saw him, he says, "Bill,
you little rascal, I have a good notion to give you a
whipping," "What for, says I, Uncle Dennis--why says
he, because you did not tell me that there was money in that
pocketbook that you told me you had found," says he, "I
never suffered so much uneasiness about no little rascal as I did
about you for them men that come along hunting of it,"
stated that there was fifty dollars in it," and you not
telling me so I thought somebody else might have found it before
you did and robbed it and you would be blamed for it and did not
see any peace until the men came back and told me that they had
got the pocketbook alright.
Now, says I, "Uncle, I will tell you why I did not tell you
there was money in it; I wanted the right owner to get it
therefore, I did not describe it to and now I shall relate how
the right owner did get it. He came on from Conyers, where he
heard who had found the pocketbook, to Bourbon County to the
place that I made my home before I went into the Army. My
father's brother, George Northcutt, Reading and I had arrived
there late in the evening and directly after supper went to bed
and I had not told any of them about the pocket book but before
we were up the next morning Uncle George came to the room door
and called me and said that there was two men at the Stile Block
that wanted to see me; something about a pocketbook and asked me
if I had one that was not my own. I told him that I had and got
up and went out where the men were and asked them if either of
them lost a pocketbook, when one of them said that he had; I then
told them that I had found one and asked him to describe it,
which he did saying "that it was a new red morroco pocket
book with fifty dollars in Kentucky bank notes in it and his
discharge from the Army." "Well, says I "that will
do in part but on the whole," for I thought I had examined
it sufficiently and could find no discharge; when he asked me to
let him have it which I did and he pretty soon found the
discharge from the Army, in a secret pocket that I had not
discovered; says I, "Gentlemen the pocket book is
sufficiently proven." Well, says the man that owned the
pocketbook, "What do you charge for your trouble," Says
I to him--all that I charge you, is to take better care of it in
the future." Well, says he, "I kindly thank you Sir and
shall never forget you while I live; I have never seen him since.
He was a poor young man from Mercer County and had served six
months in the army, had drawn his pay for his services, bought
the pocketbook and put the money in it; then started to Boone
County to see some of his relations in that section and lost it
late in the evening before I found it.
I was a poor boy myself but it gave me more pleasure to return
this poor fellows his lost money than to have had that much given
to me.
Now the 20th of August, the long looked for day, has come at last
when we are to parade and hear the Roll called for the last time.
I can say with propriety that my name was never called during the
twelve months service but what I was there to answer. Here at 10
o'clock, we met in Paris; the place where our company was made up
and where more than twenty of our Troop of Horse lived and made
it their home; we were very fortunate in the Service for we only
lost six men during the twelve months of Service in the Army;
four died with sickness and two were killed by the Indians; there
were several wounded so bad, that they never rejoined us again,
in the Service. Our old Capt. Wm. Garrard paraded us through the
streets of Paris several times; faced us to the right about and
says, "discharged."
And now the trying hour has arrived when we come to tell our
officers and fellow soldiers a long farewell. We had been so long
associated together that the attachment we had for one another
was very strong and it is only the man that has been in the
Service that can appreciate our feelings. There were men in my
company that felt nearer to me than some of my own blood
relations; the officers made out the necessary papers and we drew
our last pay; posted to meet no more as soldiers but it seemed
more like a dream to me than a reality, that I was out of the
Service for I imagined for a long time after, that I left the
Camp that in the morning I could hear Reveille and the Roll call,
and many a time I was just ready to holler out in my sleep.
Now we have told the Army farewell and have assumed citizenship.
I came from the Army in a very bad state of health and it
appeared I could not get well again. I tried the doctors and they
did not help me and sometime in September in the fall of 1813, I
concluded to go to the Harrodburg Springs and try what virtue
there was in the medical water there; accordingly I got a young
man that had been a messmate of mine in the army, to go with me;
his health being bad also. We started about the 20th of September
and went by way of Lexington, and the Shawnee Village of Shaking
Quakers. When we arrived in the village it was a little after
dark and they were just winding up their frolic; we heard them
dancing sometime before we arrived there but just as we got there
they quit their dancing and singing. We rode into the yard and
hollered, and out came an old man to learn what we wanted; we
told him that we wanted to stay alnight with him;" when he
says, "I will let thee know presently, turned and went into
the house to consult the head of the family on the subject; he
presently came out and says, "Yea, thee can stay," Well
we dismounted and went in and the old head of the Bangar, treated
us very cordially. He had a good supper prepared for us to
ourselves and then a bed prepared for us in a room to ourselves;
next morning a very good breakfast and then a very pretty little
bill of fare and then we went on but we never saw the face of a
female in the place but I have no doubt that they were there.
We went on from here to Harrodsburg and went to the Springs;
engaged board at a boarding house and went in for the benefit of
the water, but it was no go, for the water made me worse; the
more I drank of it the worse I got, so after staying there a few
days and getting no better fast, we concluded to leave; when we
were fixing to leave, the landlady says to me; Young man I don't
think that you were very sick when you came here but I think that
you are going away pretty sick, which was a fact, for the water
set me to vomitting and I pucked until we reached the Kentucky
River. I told Benair, the man that was with me that if we met
anybody that they would be sure to think I was drunk.
We came to a farm house just before we got to the river and there
we put up and stayed until the next day. We then crossed the
Kentucky River at the Shaker Ferry at the mouth of Shawnee Creek,
and came on to Lexington and put up at a Tavern; stayed there and
rested, got our dinner and then came on home, not much better for
the Harrodsburg trip. I continued sick and not able to work all
fall. I was not confined to my bed nor to the house but was able
to be up and about pretty much all the time; I employed myself
most of the time in riding about seeing the people. I attended
several meetings that were held in the neighborhood to raise men
for the Army by draft. The wire edge for volunteering had worn
off and there came a call for more men and they had to be raised
by draft. I attended several of their meetings and had my own
sport over it. When the poor fellows would go up to put their
hands in the hat in order to draw the prize on the copperhead as
they called it, their hands would shake like some old man with
the palsey; I could not help being diverted at them and had a
good deal of sport over the matter.
Some few weeks after I got home from the army there was a call
for three months or sixty days men to join Harrison's Army, in
order to cross the lake and take upper Canada; they were mounted
Infantry; there was one company raised in my neighborhood, and if
I had been able I would have joined them and went back to see my
old Master, Wm. H. Harrison, again, but I was not able to go. The
Troops were raised and put under the command of our old war horse
Governor Shelby, the then Governor of Kentucky, and he marched
them on and joined Harrison's army at lower Sandusky, went on
with him in the vessels that Perry took from the British on Lake
Erie in the month of September previous.
Harrison crossed the volunteers in ships and the Regulars, he
crossed in the boats that he had built at Cleveland for the
purpose. They all landed at Malden, Upper Canada, and took it
without firing a gun for the British Commander took to his heels
on the appearance of the Americans and left the fort to the mercy
of our troops. Proctor had one days start on Harrison but he
pursued him and the third day overtook him on the River Thames
and there the last Battle was fought and the whole British Army
captured on October, the 5th, 1813. There Tecumseh, the Indian
chief, was killed by Richard M. Johnson, who commanded a Regiment
of Mounted Riflemen from Scott County, Kentucky.
The Indians that were not killed, fled and there was no Indian
prisoners taken in that Battle. Proctor, the British Commander,
got away by cutting a horse loose from his carriage and fleeing
to the woods, leaving his carriage and its contents to the mercy
of the Americans. Harrison then retreated back with his British
prisoners and sent them to the Newport garrison for safe keeping.
They were kept under guard until the war was over. Kentucky
suffered more in that war in the loss of men than any other state
in the Union. Some of the very best men of the state offered up
their lives on the alter of their country; such as Allen Mead,
Whitley Hart and many others of equal importance. Kentucky has
always stood ready with the blood of her sons to defend her
rights in the Union and I hope that she as a state, may so
remain.
I came down in Campbell County and spent some of my time with my
father's family and his neighbors in the month of October, not
being able to walk for a long time after I arrived home from the
Army. Sometime in November, eighteen hundred and thirteen, I
commenced to work again for my old friend Hutchinson at the
distillery business which I had not forgotten. I worked at that
business all winter and in the Spring of 1814 I rented a small
farm in the neighborhood from a gentleman by the name of Sutton
and took in a partner in the farming business by the name of
Hill. We were both single men and we went to keeping bachelors
hall but we got tired of living that way and we rented the house
that was on the farm, out to another person but kept the tilable
land. He, Hill, boarded at his fathers and I boarded at Mr.
Hutchinsons; we worked on in this way until the 20th of May, 1814
when I got married to Miss Joanna Hill, sister of Nathaniel Hill,
my partner in the farming business, and daughter of Warren Hill
and Elizabeth Hill of Bourbon County, Kentucky. We lived at Mr.
Hills until sometime in the fall of 1814; I then built a house
convenient to Mr. Hutchinson's largest Still house. He had two of
them; one near his residence and the large one near his griss
mill on Coopers Run. He helped me move a vacant building he had
on his place near to the Still house and I fixed it up very
comfortable, to live in and in November, 1814, moved into it with
my wife and went to housekeeping. Hired my wife's brother,
Nathaniel Hill, one that had cropped with me the summer before,
to still with me, for it took two hands to work that house
because it was a very large one. Mr. Hutchinson had built it in
the fall of 1811 and I had worked it the winter before I went
into the army in 1812.
We commenced stilling about the middle of November, 1814 and
worked on until the 17th of January, 1815, when on that night
about 10 o'clock, the Still house caught fire and burned down
with all of its contents. We had both left it to go to supper
when I looked out the window and saw the light of the Still house
but it was too far gone to save it and it burned to ashes with
all of its contents and considerable grain. The loss to Mr.
Hutchinson was considerable but to me it was greater for it threw
me entirely out of employment. I had rented a field of Mr.
Hutchinsons to tend in corn the next summer and one morning, soon
after the fire I happened to be at Mr. Hutchinsons and at
breakfast the conversation about the Still house, getting burned,
came up when the old gentleman observed that he did not mind his
loss but that he was sorry for Billy; when the old lady says, I
hear a good many of you say that you are sorry for Billy but I
want to know how much you are sorry for him. "Well Betsy,
says the old man, I will tell you how much I am sorry for him, he
shall have the field rented to him for rent free and a sugar camp
also, rent free. Well, I thanked him for his kindness; tended the
sugar camp and made considerable of sugar and the next spring and
summer I tended the field-made a very good crop of corn and in
the fall I engaged to still for my Uncle George Northcutt, who
had married Mr. Hutchinson's oldest daughter, Nancy, and he, Mr.
Hutchinson, let me have the house that I lived in rent free, as
long as I wanted it and ground to tend. My Uncle had a very large
Distillery and furnished me with a hand and gave me good wages. I
set in to Still in November and worked on until sometime in March
when I quit the Still house and went home to tend a crop. The
Still house that I worked in was three miles from where I lived
and I went home twice a week of nights. When I would hire one of
Uncle's black men to take my place in the Still house until I
would get back which was always about daylight; cold or hot or
dry; daylight never caught me away from the Still house. I hired
a Negro boy to stay with my wife; to cut wood and make fires for
her in my absence and she would send him every Wednesday and
Saturday evening with a horse for me to ride and every Thursday
and Monday morning he would bring me back as I stayed at home
every Sunday and in this way I spent my time for two years. But
at length I grew weary of this way of living and concluded that I
wanted a little home of my own, and in the fall of 1816 I went
down into Campbell County and bought one hundred acres of land in
the woods from Wm Routt, as agent for John Fowler of Lexington,
Ky., and in the month of March, 1817, I hired two wagons and
teams and moved on to it without there being a stick cut on it,
with my wife and two small children. I boarded my wife and
children with my brother Thomas Northcutt, who had married my
wife's older sister, and had bought himself an improved farm
close by.
It was the last day of March 1817, when we arrived at my
brothers. I hired some hands and turned in to build a cabin and
about the 20th of April moved into it. I then hired some more
hands and set into clearing ground and got about five acres in
corn at home and rented about five acres from my brother Thomas,
so that I made corn enough that year to do us. My greatest
trouble was my stock. I brought down with me four head of horses,
two milking cows, two calves and one year old heifer, I fenced in
a little place for the calves but the cows and the other stock
such as the horses that I did not use had to take the woods, for
it was all a new settled country and pasture was out of the
question. The range as we called it was excellent with the pea
vine knee high almost all over the woods. I bought a couple of
excellent bells; one for the cows that I could hear two miles and
one for the horses that I could hear a long way off and of a
night when I quit plowing I would have to go to the horses that I
did not use to put the horse with them that I had been using and
in the morning I would have to hunt them again to get the one I
wanted to plow; bring it in and feed it and while it was eating
go and hunt the cows. This is the way that I spent my first
summer. I kept the leader of the horses, belled and clogged but
sometimes the old mare would loose her clog and then I would have
to go a good ways after them. I found it a very arduous task to
settle in the woods alone as I was for I had no help of my own
until my boys got large enough and by that time I had a pretty
smart place opened. I would chop and grub in the daytime and burn
the brush at night. I have burned brush by myself until midnight.
In January 1820 I took what was called the milk sickness or
pucking--I hired a man, by the name of Conrad, in the fall before
to get out a set of house logs and in January there fell a very
deep snow so I thought that I would chop them off and haul them
in on the snow, with a log slide and two horses so I went out one
morning to cut them off for the purpose, and I had not worked
long before I began to tire with a misery across my arms and
thighs: I could not understand it for it was something very
uncommon with me, I got so before night that I could not raise
the ax to my head. I thought I was taking a severe cold and told
my wife I wanted some medicine. We had always kept some in the
house; she gave me a dose of calomel and it operated with me as
usual but when it quit working me I turned into pucking which I
did not understand. Calomal had often pucked me when I first took
it but now that it had operated so well and pucked me, it was
past my comprehension. I pucked on without much intermission and
was heart sick all the time. At length we become alarmed about it
and sent for one of the neighbors who was acquainted with the
disease and pronounced it the pucking and then there was some
scared folks for certain. I pucked eight days with very little
change. We sent for Dr. Rochford about the third day but he did
not stop it until I had pucked eight days. Our cattle then showed
us where it came from; they turned into trembling and dying; they
all died except one cow and calf; well I did not get over it for
a long time for whenever I exerted myself at any thing I would
have a relapse; the 16th of April, by over doing myself, I pucked
as hard as I did in January; Well I was determined at that time
to leave the country but it turned out otherwise. We turned our
little meadow into pasture and kept in all of the stock that we
used and we have not had it since.
In 1824 we were sued for our land by Jas. M. Gaines and Wm.
Routt, the man that had sold us the land, as agent for John
Fowler of Lexington, telling us at the time, that the title was
as good as Congress land; they had writs of ejectments served on
us from the Federal Court in Frankfort and instituted their suit
in that Court. Well, it seemed to be a pretty serious matter that
we should lose our land after working so hard to make an
improvement upon it. There were about eighty defendants: my
father was then living and he put one of his boys on a horse and
started him over the neighborhood to call a meeting on the
subject. They met at Cruise Creek Church and unanimously agreed
to defend the suit; the agreement was, that we all should be
taxed, in proportion, to the land that we held in order to pay
the expenses of the Suit; choose two of the company as agents to
go to Frankfort and make the necessary arrangements to defend the
Suit. The Company chose Wm. Jones and myself; as the men for the
purpose but Wm. Jones refused to serve and they then chose James
Owens to fill his place, as agent. Owen and myself in a few days
started for Frankfort and employed a lawyer, the best that we
could find, according to our instructions from the Company of
defendants.
They had employed John J. Crittenden on their side; we employed
Soloman P. Sharp on our side. Sharp charged us four hundred
dollars, as a fee, for his services; well, Colonel, says I to
Sharp, "this is an enormous fee sir." Says he, there is
an enormous long string of defendants here to fight for and you
will be sure to cast them in this suit, and you will receive of
them the cost and dockett fees which will amount to two hundred
dollars, Sir, says I, is that your opinion?" Says he
"it is Sir." Well, says I to him, if that is so,
suppose that we give