Regardless of how we come to be parents, we hold hopes and expectations for our children even before they become a physical part of our families. Sometimes, our expectations can conflict with our child's actual capabilities or desires. In adoptive families, where children usually do not share inborn characteristics such as temperament and personality, understanding a child's needs and behaviors can be challenging. Additionally, children adopted at older ages and those who have memories of institutional life or foster care have histories and experiences to reconcile in addition to adjusting to being a new family member.

u u u

The early months following adoption is filled with transition for all members of the family. Some of the common adjustment problems can be traced to disruptions in cultural and everyday routines, such as sleeping and feeding. Guidance around facilitating a smooth adjustment can increase a child's comfort and ease family members initial concerns.

u u u

Sometimes it becomes clear that some difficulties are persisting beyond expected or in new situations, such as school, which can bring to the surface new areas of concern like learning and socialization. As children enter new life stages, interest and comfort with birth-culture or birth-heritage may wax and wane as might willingness to share feelings related to adoption. As children grow, being an adoptee can take on new meaning and may bring to the surface many issues, questions, and feelings. Sometimes, these feelings can be overwhelming or distressing enough to warrant assistance. A post-adoption consultation can support the family by facilitating the most appropriate course whether it is ongoing consultation as needed, a referral, or an assessment.