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6. Homework Help

6.2. General Information


6.2.1.  The First President

E-mail: Who was the first President of the United States? Not George Washington according to my history professor, he was later in the list.

Reply:  Of course George Washington was the first person to hold the office of President of the United States, as created by the Constitution of the United States written in 1787.

However, the men who were elected to preside over the Continental Congress and later the Congress under the Articles of Confederation were also called "President of the United States."  Of course, since the position was limited to presiding over Congress, it  was a very different job from that of presidents under the Constitution.

The Articles of Confederation were adopted in 1781. Both Thomas McKean of Delaware [FFF 444] and John Hanson of Maryland were the Presidents of Congress that year. I have seen both these names mentioned as the first president. [FFF 444]

John Hancock held the title "President" of the Continental Congress in 1776 when the United States was created, so he could also be called the first president.

Going back further, Peyton Randolph of Virginia was the first president of the Continental Congress in 1774, so he also could be called the first president.

Here is the list of "presidents" before Washington::

Presidents of Congress: 1774 to 1789

Years Served Name  Home State 
1774 Peyton Randolph Virginia
1774-1775 Henry Middleton South Carolina
1775 Peyton Randolph Virginia
1775-1777 John Hancock Massachusetts
1777-1778 Henry Laurens South Carolina
1778-1779 John Jay New York
1779-1781 Samuel Huntington Connecticut
1781 Thomas McKean Delaware
1781-1782 John Hanson Maryland
1782-1783 Elias Boudinot New Jersey
1783-1784 Thomas Mifflin Pennsylvania
1784-1785 Richard Henry Lee Virginia
1785-1786 John Hancock Massachusetts
1786-1787 Nathaniel Gorham Massachusetts
1787-1788 Arthur St. Clair Pennsylvania
1788-1789 Cyrus Griffin Virginia

[AP 490]


E-mail:. Who was the "zeroth" president? This was the president (pro-tem?) who was the acting president until Washington's election and inauguration.

Reply:  I have never heard of an "acting" president who had Constitutional presidential authority before Washington. In fact, I think that is impossible. However, there were several "Presidents" of Congress under the Articles of Confederation, including Cyrus Griffin of Virginia, who served from 1788-1789. Perhaps that is the name you are looking for.


E-mail:Who was the first president of the Continental United States? It was not George Washington (he was the 14th president). The initials are P.R. (and it is not Paul Revere).

Reply: Peyton Randolph was the first president of the Continental Congress in 1774.  Fourteen different men held the title "president" to preside over congress before the Constitution was ratified. [AP 490]


E-mail: Who was the president of the United States in 1787?

Reply: The Constitution was ratified in 1789, so in 1787 the office of "President of the United States" was really just the President of Congress under the Articles of Confederation. In 1787 this position was occupied by Nathaniel Gorham and Arthur St. Clair.