Psychology 535/635

Professor S. Golding

Research Design

Spring, 1998SECTION I: ETHICAL ISSUES

American Psychological Association (1992). Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct. American Psychologist, 47, 1597-1611 Section 6.00-6.26 [Teaching, Training Supervision, Research and Publishing].

Bersoff, D. N. (1995). Ethical conflicts in psychology. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association Press, Pp. 355-392.

Kazdin, A. E. (1998). Research design in clinical psychology, Third Edition. Needham Heights, MA: Allyn & Bacon, Pp. 415-450.

SECTION II: CONSTRUCT VALIDITY AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Cronbach, L. J. (1957). The two disciplines of scientific psychology. American Psychologist, 12, 671-684

Cronbach, L. J. (1975). Beyond the two disciplines of scientific psychology. American Psychologist, 30, 116-127.

Cronbach, L.J., & Meehl, P.E. (1955). Construct validity in psychological tests. Psychological Bulletin, 52, 281-302.

Feigl, H. (l959). Philosophical embarrassments of psychology. American Psychologist, 14, 115-128.

Meehl, P. (l967). Theory testing in psychology and physics: A methodological paradox. Philosophy of Science, 34, 103- 115.

Pedhazur, E. J. & Schmelkin, L. P. (1991). Measurement, design, and analysis: An integrated approach. Hillsdale, N.J.: L. Erlbaum. Pp.52-73; 147-163; 164-179; 180-210.

SECTION III: MORE ON CONSTRUCT VALIDATION AND PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE

Lykken, DT. (l968). Statistical significance in psychological research. Psychological Bulletin, 70, 151-159.

Meehl, P. E. (l970). Some methodological reflections on the difficulties of psychoanalytic research. In M. Radner and S. Winokur, Minnesota studies in the philosophy of science. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 4, 402-416.

Meehl, P. E. (l970). Nuisance variables and the ex post facto design. In M. Radner and S. Winokur (Eds.), Minnesota studies in the philosophy of science, 4, 373-402

Meehl, P. E. (l978). Theoretical risks and tabular asterisks: Sir Karl, Sir Ronald, and the slow progress of soft psychology. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 46, 806-834.

Meehl, R. E. (1991). Why summaries of research on psychological theories are often uninterpretable. In R. E. Snow & D. E. Wiley (Eds.), Improving inquiry in social science: A volume in honor of Lee J. Cronbach. Erlbaum: Hillsdale, NJ. Pp. 13-59.

Wampold, B.E., Davis, B., & Good, R.H. (1990). Hypothesis validity of clinical research. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 58, 360-367.

SECTION IV: PSYCHOMETRIC CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE-1

Pedhazur, E. J. & Schmelkin, L. P. (1991). Measurement, design, and analysis: An integrated approach. Hillsdale, N.J.: L. Erlbaum. Pp. 15-29; 30-51;81-146

SECTION V: PSYCHOMETRIC CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE DEPENDENT VARIABLE-2

Golding, S L. (l979). Flies in the ointment : Methodological problems in the analysis of the percentage of variance due to persons and situations. Psychological Bulletin, 82, 278-288. (A relatively simple introduction to G-theory).

Shavelson, R. J., Webb, N. M., & Rowley G. L. (1989). Generalizability theory. American Psychologist, 44, 922-932.

SECTION VI: CLASSIC RESEARCH DESIGN ISSUES-1

Cook, T.D., & Campbell, D.T. (1979). Quasi-experimentation: Design and analysis issues for field settings. Chicago: Rand McNally. Pp. 37-94.

Pedhazur, E. J. & Schmelkin, L. P. (1991). Measurement, design, and analysis: An integrated approach. Hillsdale, N.J.: L. Erlbaum. Pp. 211-233; 234-249; 250-276

SECTION VII: CLASSIC RESEARCH DESIGN ISSUES-2

Cook, T.D., & Campbell, D.T. (1979). Quasi-experimentation: Design and analysis issues for field settings. Chicago: Rand McNally. Pp. 95-146.

Garber, J., & Hollon, S.D. (1991). What can specificity designs say about causality in psychopathology research? Psychological Bulletin, 110, 129-136.

Pedhazur, E. J. & Schmelkin, L. P. (1991). Measurement, design, and analysis: An integrated approach. Hillsdale, N.J.: L. Erlbaum. Pp. 277-303; 304-317.

SECTION VIII: POWER

Cohen, J. (1990). Things I have learned (so far). American Psychologist, 45, 1304-1312.

Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 155-159.

Pedhazur, E. J. & Schmelkin, L. P. (1991). Measurement, design, and analysis: An integrated approach. Hillsdale, N.J.: L. Erlbaum. Pp. 336-341.

Sedlmeier, P., & Gigerenzer, G. (1989). Do studies of statistical power have an effect on the power of studies? Psychological Bulletin, 105, 309-316.

SECTION IX: CONVERGENT AND DISCRIMINANT CONSIDERATIONS

Campbell, D.T., & Fiske, D.W. (1959). Convergent and discriminant validation by the multi-trait multi-method matrix. Psychological Bulletin, 56, 81-105.

Fiske, D. W., & Campbell, D.T. (1992). Citations do not solve problems. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 393-395.

Golding, S. L. (l977). Method variance, inadequate constructs, or things that go bump in the night?. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 12, 89-98.

Pedhazur, E. J. & Schmelkin, L. P. (1991). Measurement, design, and analysis: An integrated approach. Hillsdale, N.J.: L. Erlbaum. Pp. 73-80

SECTION X: ADVANCED ISSUES

Construct validational concerns with "unobtrusive" measures: an example

Bartell, C.H., & Holmes, D.S. (1968). High school yearbooks: A nonreactive measure of social isolation in graduates who later became schizophrenic. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 73, 313-316.

Meehl, P.E. (1971). High school yearbooks: A reply to Schwarz. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 77, 143-148.

Schwarz, J.C. (1970). Comment on "High school yearbooks ..." Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 75, 317-318.

External validity as a function of sampling

Goodman, S. H., Lahey, B.B., et al. (1997). Representativeness of clinical samples of youths with mental disorders: A preliminary population based study. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 106, 3-14.

Use of meta-analytic research

Hunter, J.E., & Schmidt, F.L. (1996). Cumulative research knowledge and social policy formulation: The critical role of meta-analysis. Psychology, Public Policy and Law. 2, 324-347.