LESSON ONE - USING GLOBES

I FIRST KNOWN GLOBE - Greeks - 150 BC

A. knew the world was round - oblate spheroid

B. knew circumference - approximately 24,000 miles

C. knew diameter

D. guessed there were only 4 land masses - continents

a. knew of only one - their own!

b. nature must have balance - so land masses and oceans

must also be balanced

II OLDEST GLOBE IS STILL PRESERVED - 1492 - made of wood

A. shows the world as Columbus thought it was - half the real size! -

14,000 miles.

III WHAT GLOBES SHOW:

A. show relationships very accurately compared to maps

1. scale model of the earth (worksheet)

2. distance

3. size - distortion (maps) look at Greenland

4. shape of land and water

5. directions on the earth - North, South, West, East

a. North - up

b. South - down

c. West - left

d. East - right

1. UP - away from the center of the earth - Nadir

2. DOWN - toward the center of the earth

IV THE GLOBAL GRID:

A. Two sets of lines - use a ball with a needle

1. one set running West and East - Latitude -but measures in

in degrees (°) North & South

2. one set running North and South - Longitude- measures

in degrees (°) East & West

B. Parallels of Latitude-east-west lines of the grid. Parallels

are always equal distance from each other - they never touch!

1. approximately one degree equals 70 miles.

2. starting point is the equator - 0°

3. Between the Equator and the North Pole there are 90° of

latitude. Between the Equator and the South Pole there are

90 ° of latitude also.

4. Latitude must always be North or South of the Equator

5. Latitude gives two facts:

a. its distance (miles) from the equator

b. its direction (North or South) from the equator

B. Meridians of longitude: Meridians are north-south lines of the

global grid. Each meridian, or line of longitude meets its opposite

meridian at the North and South Poles - They literally touch! This

is called the GREAT CIRCLE.

1. A Great Circle divides the earth into two equal halfs

2. They are not equal distance from each other!

3. Prime Meridian - Greenwich, England - 0°

4. Measures in degrees (°) West & East of the PM

a. 0° East to 180° East

b. 0° West to 180° West

5. Longitude gives two facts:

1. its distance (miles) from the Prime Meridian

2. its direction (East or West) from the Prime Meridian

6. Most globes only show longitude lines every 15°

1. Time Zones 15° into 360° is 24 - 24 hours of a day

V HEMISPHERES

A. Northern & Southern Hemisphere - uses the Equator

B. Western & Eastern Hemisphere - uses both the Prime Meridian

and the International Dateline - (180° East or 180° West)